离子的

Within the WBEPM theory,the transition probabilities and oscillator strengths of some heavier and light atoms and ions are investigated.We also used the conceptions of spectrum-level-like series and iso-spectrum-level series to study the energy levels of some atoms.Based on the previous work,we used double generalized Laguerre polynomial to calculate the value for the ground-state energy of He atom.

本论文在郑能武教授提出的最弱受约束电子势模型理论基础之上，对若干较重和轻原子离子的跃迁几率和振子强度作了研究；引入类光谱态能级序列的概念和等光谱态能级序列的概念研究了一些原子离子的能级性质；并在前人工作的基础上用双广义拉盖尔函数对氦原子的基态能量做了计算。

The AVS-SEM distribution in the sediments of Guanting Reservoir and Yongding River was studied and the metal concentration in the water above the sediments and the pore water was measured. Based on the results, the reaction between the sediments and metal ions were discussed and the heavy metal pollution of the sediments in Guanting Reservoir and Yongding River was evaluated preliminarily.

官厅水库沉积物，由于处于缺氧性环境，沉积物中的酸可挥发性硫化物控制着大多数金属离子在沉积物和孔隙水两相间的分配，本文通过现场采样，分析了官厅水库和永定河沉积物中的AVS—SEM的分布，同时测定了沉积物上覆水以及部分样点的孔隙水中的重金属浓度，探讨了沉积物与重金属离子的作用；并根据采样分析结果对官厅水库及永定河沉积物中的重金属污染做了初步评价。

We studied trivalence chromium ion electrode reaction on three different surface state by cyclic voltammetry, discussed electrode activation influence on electrode reaction, and analysed the mechanism of electrode reaction. We discussed current efficiency during the first charge process and charge/discharge cycle performance by invariable current charge method.

应用循环伏安法考察了三价铬离子在三种不同表面状态石墨电极上的电极反应，探讨了电极表面活化处理对三价铬离子的电极反应的影响，并分析了电极反应的机理；采用恒电流充电的方法探讨铬液流电池初次充电过程的电流效率及恒电流充/放电循环的性能。

The enhanced emission yields of secondary ions induced by Si2 clusters at the low energies are clearly seen and attributed to the vicinage effect of the nuclear collision processes of cluster constituents and the secondary ion emissions are still dominated by electronic stopping processes at high energies.

实验结果显示，在以上的生物样品中，MeV能量离子的能量损失值和TRIM程序模拟的结果相吻合，但是透射离子的能量离散值却与TRIM程序模拟结果有很大的不同。结合生物样品的结构不均匀的特性，对Bohr能量离散理论进行了修正，并发现修正后的Bohr能量离散理论计算结果与实验值符合得很好。

On the contrary, the anionswith greater deformability would promote a rise intemperature by induced dipole relaxation, In thepresence of microwave field, the conductivity of thedilute solution were higher than one in lack of theexternal field.

上述两种相反的作用可以通过离子的极化参数来定性衡量；此外稀溶液在微波场中的电导率均高于常规条件下的值，这是由于在微波场的作用下，离子氛的松驰力降低，从而使得溶液的电导增加，这可以看成是微波非热效果的具体现。3。

In complexes 8～16 synthesized by hydrothermal method, most of the ligands adopt multidentate coordination modes joining several lanthanide ions into high-dimensional coordination polymers. And changing of 5-substituting group on isophthalic acid has a little effect on the coordinated abilities of the meta-carboxyl groups.

水热法制备的配合物8～16中，配体多采取多齿配位模式桥连多个稀土离子，形成高维配位聚合物，同时由于羧基氧原子和稀土离子的强的键合力，间苯二甲酸的5位取代基的变化对间位羧基的配位能力的影响不大。

Chitosan had been modified by polyacrylate sodium, glularaldehyde, and NaBH4, respectively, which afforded three kinds modified chitosan: polyacrylate sodium modified chitosan (CIS- PA4) chitosan bead and pentamethylene diamido crosslinked chitosan bead (CTSB- G- Hy). The adsorption properties of CTS-CTSB and CTSB-G-Hy were studied by L25(56) orthogonal experimental design. They show high adsorption activities for Pb2+ in solution. The highest removal efficiency of Pb2+ for CTS-PA4, CTSB and CTSB-G-Hy is 94%, 96% and 93%, respectively. The results showed the adsorption property of CTSB is the highest. The CTSB- G- Hy has good mechanical property, acid-resistance and alkali-resistance.

第二部分壳聚糖的改性及其对水溶液中铅离子的吸附性能研究以壳聚糖为原料制备了三种改性吸附剂——聚丙烯酸钠改性壳聚糖(CTS——PA_4)、珠状壳聚糖凝胶树脂和戊二氨交联珠状壳聚糖凝胶树脂，着重考察了CTSB—G—Hy的制备条件，并考察了三种吸附剂吸附6.3mg/L铅离子水溶液中铅的最佳使用条件，结果表明对CTS—PA_4而言当pb~(2+)溶液的pH在4～6.5之间，吸附剂用量为5g/L，吸附时间为1h时pb~(2+)去除率高于94％，CTS—PA_4可在酸性条件下使用，在碱性条件下依然有效但处理效果较差；CTSB对pb~(2+)具有很好的吸附能力吸附剂用量为5g/L，吸附时间为1h时处理效果极佳，pb~(2+)去除率高于96％；CTSB—G—Hy对pb~(2+)具有一定的吸附能力，吸附剂用量为3g/L，吸附时间为1.5h时处理效果最佳，Pb~(2+)去除率高于93％，而且CTSB—G—Hy的机械强度高，耐酸碱性强，可在较宽的pH范围内使用。

Compared of the efficiency of treating heavy metals in FGD wastewater with NaOH, Ca_2 and Mg_2. It indicated that NaOH was much efficient for precipitated waste water; Ca_2 was much efficient for unprecipitated waste water, the removal efficiency reached 98.4%. With the increasing of the main ion of Ca~2+, Cl~- in FGD wastewater, the efficiency decreased. It decreased 60% for the removing of Mn and 10% for Zn, Cd and Ni. The rectification coefficient token the Ksp of practical wastewater because it quite different with theoretic Ksp at different pH; the theoretic and practice addition were proportioned and it commonly reached 1:300.The precipitation efficiency of Na2S at different pH and the effect of Ca2+ was determined.

比较了NaOH、Ca_2和Mg_2处理脱硫废水时重金属的去除效果，分析了Ca~(2+)、SO_4~(2-)和Cl~-等主要离子的影响，结果表明：NaOH和Ca_2能有效处理脱硫废水中的重金属；对澄清废水而言，NaOH效果较好，对于未澄清废水而言，Ca_2效果更好，但去除废水中重金属的效率都能达到98.4%；随着Ca~(2+)、Cl~-等主要离子浓度的增大，中和作用去除重金属的效率降低，Mn最大降低60%，Zn，Cd，Ni降低10%左右；实际重金属浓度和用理论Ksp计算所得值差别很大，通过校正系数能有效计算实际重金属浓度；实现相同pH时氢氧化物的理论和实际投加量成一定比例，最大可达1：500。

Results show that acid value of carboxylic wood powder from alkaline hydrolysis is higher,but its yield is lower than that from acid hydrolysis. The adsorption capacity of carboxylic wood powder for basic pink dye increased with increase of the initial concentration of the adsorbate,and could be kept over 500mg/g after repeated use and regeneration for 4 times.

实验结果表明：（1）在适量引发剂（FeSO4 * 7H2O=1g）和适当温度（60℃）作用下，可得到较高接枝增量和接枝率的PANW；（2）在PANW的水解反应中，在碱性催化剂作用下，可得到羧基含量高的产物，但收率较低；而在酸性催化剂作用下，则得到羧基含量低的产物，但收率较高；（3）羧基木粉对阳离子型染料--碱性桃红的吸附容量与起始浓度有关，本实验中，羧基木粉对碱性桃红的吸附容量最高可达500mg/g，对Cu2+的吸附容量最高可达39mg/g；（4）经0.3mol/LHCl再生4次后，羧基木粉对碱性桃红的吸附容量保持在440mg/g以上，在含有多种金属离子的溶液中，羧基木粉优先吸附Fe3+等硬酸型离子。

So the study of the interaction of SCHI with solid surfaces has attracted a lot of attention of many famous laboratories in the world. In previous studies on the interaction of slow highly charged ions with solid surfaces, a lot of attention has been paid to Auger electron emission and autoionization.

在低速高电荷态离子与固体表面相互作用过程中，大量的导带电子会转移到入射离子的外壳层空位上形成多电子激发的&空心原子&，并在飞秒时间和纳米尺度范围内在固体表层沉积几十至几百keV的能量，能流功率密度可达10〓W/cm〓，致使表面形成纳米量级的蚀坑。

According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。