离子的

052 Describes and claims a body of polycrystalline dielectric ceramic material having a lead zirconate--lead titanate--lead stannate composition falling within the area A B C E F of the triaxial diagram 1d of the drawings accompanying this specification and containing at least one substitutional additive ingredient selected from the group consisting of elements having respective ionic radii sufficiently close to the ionic radius of one of the elements lead, tin, titanium, zirconium and oxygen to permit of substitution, and a valence state differing from that of said one element by less than three units, the aggregate quantity of additive ingredient amounting to from 0.1 to 5 percent of the replaced ion on an atom basis, each additive ingredient present in said material being in ionic form and substituting for a finite percentage of the ions of a particular one of the elements lead, tin, titanium, zirconium and oxygen with respect to which it conforms with regard to ionic radius and valence state, said additive ingredient replacing a quantity of said elements having in the aggregate an equal number of valence units.

参考译文：第 1012052 号专利说明书介绍一种含有锆酸铅，钛酸铅，锡酸铅的多晶陶瓷介质材料，其组成在说明书附图 ld 三元相图中处于 A B C E F 区域内，该组成至少还含有一种置换添加物，这种添加物从一组离子半径分别接近于铅，锡，钛，锆，氧的元素中选出，以利于互相置换，而与上述一种元素化合价之差应小于三价。该添加物的总量为被置换离子的 0.1%~5%克原子。上述材料中的每种添加物是以离子形式存在的，它以一定的百分数置换铅，锡，钛，锆，氧中的某一元素的离子。添加物在离子半径和价数上必须类似于上述任一元素，并且置换添加物的量与被置换的元素在总体上具有相等的化合价数。本句由两个简单句构成，一个主句，另一个是定语从句。

In order to identified phase Ⅱ conjugates, the aglycones were identifiedafter rat bile was treated with either glucuronidase or sulfatase firstly. Phase Ⅱ conjugates were also separated anddetermined for their molecular ions by LC-MS, at last they were verified by identifying characteristic product ionsor precursor ions by MS-MS.

胆汁经过葡萄糖醛酸酶或硫酸酯酶水解，鉴定其水解产物，从而确定Ⅱ相结合物，再通过LC-MS分离和确定分子离子峰，最后利用MS-MS寻找特征子离子和母离子的方法进行验证。

As an extension to the "973" Program of National Planning key basic research project -----the study of China lake nutrient over-enrichment process and the mechanism of blue alga outbreak, this paper introduces our experiments as below:(1) Experiment on heavy metal absorption and disorption abilities of Ceratophyllum demersum , Hydrilla verticillata and Myriophyllum triphyllum, in order to campare their absorption capability .

本文在前人的研究基础上，依托国家&973&国家重点基础研究规划项目&湖泊富营养化过程与蓝藻水华暴发机理&，开展了下列工作： 1、选取狐尾藻、金鱼藻、黑藻三种大型沉水植物作为研究对象，通过对重金属离子铜离子的吸附及解吸实验，比较其三种沉水植物之间吸附能力的大小； 2、选取狐尾藻、黑藻为研究对象，研究了重金属离子铜离子对沉水植物的胁迫作用及铜离子在植物体内的富集情况； 3、选取黑藻为研究对象，研究了沉水植物在富营养条件下不同浓度的氨态氮和硝态氮对沉水植物的生理生长的影响。

Based on the above experiments, the author studied the mixed metallic pillared and modified montmorillonites. The experimental result indicated that the microporous structure of Fe-Al-PLMs was affected by the changing of interlayer Fe-Al polymer with different Fe/Al ratio. But the presence of Al iron was helpful to incorporate Fe iron into interlayer of montmorillonites.. Introducing Zr helped Al-PLMs getting better larger spacing, thermal stability, surface area and pore volumes. Its successful to apply Zr-Al-PLMs to treat wastewater containing Cr iron. The experiment of modifying Al-PLMs by PVA showed that the order of adding starting materials (Al-pillaring solution, PVA, montmorillonite solution) was related to the property of Al-PLMs. The PVA as precursor was beneficial for Al to go into interlayer of the clay and to form larger basal spacing porous clay. The surface area and pore volumes of Al-PLMs increased mainly because of increasing the external surface area and mesoporous volumes after acid-activating. This conclusion confirmed that the microporous structure of pillaring clay depends upon the interlayer pillar.

实验结果表明：在Al-PLMs中引入Fe离子，不同Fe／Al比制得的Fe-Al-PLMs因层间的Fe-Al聚合离子结构不同而影响其微孔结构，但羟基Al离子的存在有利于Fe离子进入蒙脱石层间；在Al-PLMs中引入Zr离子，有助于其层间距、比表面积、孔体积增大，所得Zr-Al-PLMs应用于含Cr废水处理效果显著；PVA改性后的Al-PLMs其物化性质变化与铝柱化剂、PVA溶液、蒙脱石溶液三者不同添加顺序有关，说明PVA的前撑有利于Al进入蒙脱石层间得到较大层间距的Al-PLMs；经酸化处理得Al-acid-PLMs，其比表面积增大以外表面积为主，孔体积增大以中孔为主，这也证实了柱撑蒙脱石的微孔结构取决于其层间的柱化物。

Treating wastewater containing copper ion, zinc ion, Cadmium ion and lead by adsorption of alkalized active sludge, the effects on heavy metal ion by adsorption of alkalized active sludge have been studied under different conditions of the value of pH, sludge amounts, adsorptive time, concentration of heavy metals.

采用碱化活性污泥吸附去除Cu(上标 2+)、Zn(上标 2+)、Cd(上标 2+)、Pb(上标 2+) 4种重金属离子，研究了pH、污泥投加量、吸附时间、重金属离子质量浓度4种影响因素对碱化活性污泥吸附去除上述4种重金属离子的影响。

In the second part, the current-voltage characteristics of the sensors were measured, their charge ionic mobilities were measured with polar inversion method and their ionic numbers were computed. It has found that ionization effect of some binding ions against a critical humidity took place in switchable humidity-sensitive materials, the effect is that some binding ions in materials turn into free ions when a given ambient humidity is reached called a critical humidity, avalanching conduct electricity occurs in materials.

在第二部分中，测试了高分子电阻型湿敏元件和开关型湿敏元件的伏—安特性，并用极性反转法测试了其导电离子的迁移率以及计算了相关的导电离子数目，发现了开关型湿敏元件的束缚离子的最小湿度电离效应：当环境湿度达到或者大于一特定湿度时，这一特定湿度称之为最小湿度，材料中某些束缚离子才电离成自由的导电离子，形成雪崩式导电。

The working theory is using chemosynthesis among pitch and ion in water for demineralizing.

它是利用树脂与水中离子发生化学反应而去除水中离子的原理，出水电阻率动态可达到1-18兆欧，厘米之间，离子交换树脂须定期用酸碱再生，使之能多次重复使用。

The result shew, Chromatin broke into pieces which dispersed around the irregular nucleus, nuclear outer member disintegrated; Mitochondria condensed, cristae of which disintegrated partly; The endoplasmic reticulum dilated, vesiculated, gradually disintegrated; A great number of dense granules appeared in the cell. To sum up: Enrichment of heavy metals in Eriocheir sinensis, Macrobrachium nipponease, Cipangopaludina cathayensis is obviou""

综上所述：我们首次证明上海地区沼虾、河蟹、园田螺对重金属元素富集能力要明显强于淡水鱼类；肝、鳃是鱼、虾、蟹体内重金属富集的主要部位；Hg和Cr为高富集元素，Cd是中富集元素，Cu和Pb为低富集元素；罗氏沼虾对镉离子和锌离子的96小时的半致死浓度（LC50）分别为0.115mg/L和0.68mg/L；首次证明锌离子、GSH在一定范围内可以抵抗镉离子对罗氏沼虾肝胰脏破坏。

Wheat was hydroponically planted to study the characteristics of C(superscript -) uptake and accumulation of wheat and soil C(superscript -) movements in different soil water moistures at the seedling stage by C(superscript -) tracing.

以小麦为试材，采用盆栽试验和氯离子指示技术，研究了不同土壤水分条件下，小麦在苗期对氯离子的吸收与累积特性和同期土壤中氯离子迁移特征。

The DS4G ion engine utilises a different concept first proposed in 2001 by David Fearn, a pioneer of ion propulsion in the UK, which solves this limitation by performing a two-stage process to decouple the extraction and acceleration of ions using four grids.

DS4G离子引擎应用了与传统离子引擎不同的概念，这个概念是由英国离子推进学的先驱戴维-福恩在2001年提出的。他使用了4个栅格来解决传统离子引擎存在的不足，即分两阶段来减弱离子的吸引和加速度。

According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。