离子生成的

The reaction process in methanol solvent can be deduced from the computational results with CPCM solvent model and the supermolecular handling, namely the reaction involves four steps in the methanol solvent. The nucleophilic addition of trimethylamine to acraldehyde generates an enolate. Nucleophilic attack of the enolate on the aldehyde forms the carbon-carbon bond, followed by the proton-transfer process and the further elimination generating the product and liberating the trimethylamine catalyst.

对于CH3OH对反应体系的影响，可以综合考虑CPCM溶剂模型及超分子模型下的研究结果，即CH3OH溶剂中反应按四步进行，催化剂三甲胺首先与丙烯醛发生亲核加成，生成的两性离子中间体与甲醛发生类似于Aldol的醛醇缩合，形成碳-碳键，之后发生分子内质子转移，最后经E1cb消除得到产物，并释放催化剂三甲胺。

According to the direct ratio relationship in a certain range between the color degree of the organic solvent with Pb^2＋ and dithizone in the complex compound and the amount of the lead, the amount of the lead can be rapidly determined by way of the visual colorimetry.

再加入双硫腙的三氯甲烷溶液，根据Pb^2＋离子与双硫腙生成的配合物在有机溶剂中的颜色深浅与铅含量在一定范围内成正比的关系，用目视比色法即可快速判断出样品中的铅含量。

After the sample is dissolved and the disturbance eliminated, then dithizone and chloroform solution are added in the sample. According to the direct ratio relationship in a certain range between the color degree of the organic solvent with Pb2+ and dithizone in the complex compound and the amount of the lead, the amount of the lead can be rapidly determined by way of the visual colorimetric.

样品消解并消除干扰离子后，加入双硫腙的三氯甲烷溶液，根据铅与双硫腙生成的络合物在有机溶剂中的颜色深浅与铅含量在一定范围内成正比的关系，用目视比色法即可快速判断出样品中的铅含量。

According to the analysis of thermogenic curves, shortened lag phase of bacteria growth, increased growth rate constant and maximum heat power were observed in the presence of Pr(superscript 3+) in low concentration and the results indicated that the growth of E. coli was promoted.

从生成的热谱图分析可以看出，低剂量的稀土离子Pr(上标 3+)的存在可以缩短细菌的停滞期，增加生长速率常数和最大放热功率，刺激大肠杆菌的生长。

The result of whole mount in situ hybridization showed that MmeFer was located at the position of shell initiation in trochophore stage, indicating MmeFer plays a role in shell initiation in M. meretrix. The full-length of M. meretrix cathepsin B cDNA was cloned with 3'and 5'RACE. The temporal and spatial expressions of MmeCB mRNA were examined from trochophore to post larva stages by whole mount in situ hybridization. From L2 to L4 stages, MmeCB mRNA was detected in the digestive tract, suggesting a possible role of MmeCB in digestion.

根据构建的文蛤幼虫cDNA文库中提供的序列信息，从文蛤中克隆了与铁离子代谢密切相关的铁蛋白的全长cDNA序列；通过Real time PCR发现，MmeFer mRNA的表达量在贝壳形成前后有明显改变；整体原位杂交结果显示MmeFer mRNA在L1期的表达部位刚好是贝壳生成的起始部位，推断文蛤铁蛋白与文蛤幼虫贝壳初始形成密切相关。

The glutamine synthetase produced by the engineering bacteria can specially act on NH4 and aminoglutaric acid, the durability to the high concentration ammonium ion has been distinctively improved because of the dissolution of adenosine acylation modification, the major bottleneck of glutamine with enzymatical production has been solved, and the concentration of the obtained glutamine can reach 47.6g/L.

本发明工程菌产的谷氨酰胺合成酶可专一性的作用于NH 4 和谷氨酸，且因解除了腺苷酰化修饰作用对高浓度铵离子的耐受能力显著提高，解决了酶法生产谷氨酰胺的重要瓶颈，生成的谷氨酰胺的浓度最高达到47.6g/L。

On the basis of the preparation of special-grade sodium hypophosphite by one-step method in the high-speed reactor,the produced sodium hypophosphite and the byproduct calcium phosphite were further converted to higher-purity hypophosphorous acid and phosphorous acid products by ionic membrane electrodialysis.

在作者开发的高速反应器一步法制专用级次磷酸钠的基础上进一步将生成的次磷酸钠和副产的亚磷酸氢钙用离子膜电渗析法制成纯度更高的次磷酸及亚磷酸产品，产品质量升级，回收利用了副产亚磷酸氢钙，并减少了原料烧碱的用量。

The product was immiscible with catalyst/water and could be separated simply by filtration after the reaction. This method is manipulatively simple, environment-friendly and the catalyst is reusable.

反应生成的取代氢化氧杂蒽与离子液体的水溶液不相溶，通过简单的过滤可实现产物与催化体系的分离，简化了分离过程，方法操作简便、环境友好、催化剂可回收并重复使用。

Cu2-Co2-KBr with high catalytic activity and selectivity shows synergistic effect between metal ions.Under the reaction conditions of mCu(Ac2:mCo(Ac2:m= 0.1:0.5:0.1, n:n=0.14, glacial acetic acid as solvent, overdosage sodium percarbonate, 65℃, the conversion can reach 45.9% and the selectivity for p-methoxy benzaldhyde is about 68.3%.

结果表明，Cu2-Co2-KBr具有较高的催化活性和选择性，体现出金属离子之间的协同作用，对甲基苯甲醚在mCu(Ac2：mCo(Ac2：m=0.1：0.5：0.1，n：n=0.14，冰醋酸作溶剂，稍过量的过碳酸钠，65℃的条件下，转化率可达45.9%，生成对甲氧基苯甲醛的选择性为68.3%。

Quadridentate Titanium was detected in the samples with 5% at the low temperature. However, absorption peak of Sexadentate Titanium was not detected at the high temperature. it might not be detected by IR Spectra because of too little Titanium phase.

结果表明，未添加的样品中主要检测到的是硅氧链的变化；添加5%的样品，低温检测到有四配位的钛存在，但是高温时却未检测到六配位的钛离子的吸收峰，这可能是由于生成的含钛晶相太少，红外光谱未能敏感的检测到。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。