离子生成的

In this article, the author demonstrates mechanism of complex ion hydronium抯 formation and its application in the organic experiment from the two aspects of theory and practice.

从理论和实践两个方面，论述了两种铜氨溶液中配离子生成的机理及其在有机化学实验中的应用。

A selective and mild PS-DIB/ionic-liquid immobilized 2, 2, 6, 6-tetramethyl-piperidin-4-ol-N-oxyl catalytic oxidation procedure of alcohols to the corresponding aldehydes and ketones in ionic liquid BF4 at room temperature was developed. The oxidant PS-DIB was prepared via the iodation and acetylation of polystyrene resin. For the preparation of the ionic-liquid immobilized TeMPO catalyst, 4-(2, 2, 6, 6-Tetramethyl-1-oxyl-4-piperidoxyl)butyl bromide was first synthesized from TeMPO and 1, 4-dibromobutane.

将聚苯乙烯树脂先碘化再乙酰基化，制得了负载型二乙酰氧碘苯作为氧化剂。2， 2， 6， 6-四甲基－N-氧自由基哌啶醇与1， 4-二溴丁烷反应生成4-溴丁氧基－2， 2， 6， 6-四甲基－哌啶－1-氧化物，再与N-甲基咪唑发生季铵化反应，生成的溴化季铵盐与四氟硼酸钠进行离子交换制得氟硼酸型2， 2， 6， 6-四甲基－N-氧自由基哌啶负载离子液体。

A selective and mild PS-DIB/ionic-liquid immobilized TEMPO catalytic oxidation procedure of alcohols to the corresponding aldehydes and ketones in ionic liquid BF4 at room temperature was developed. The oxidant PS-DIB was prepared via Iodation and acetylation of polystyrene resin. For the preparation of the ionic-liquid immobilized TEMPO catalyst, 4-(2,2,6,6-Tetramethyl-1-oxyl-4-piperidoxyl)butyl bromide was first synthesized from 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-piperidin-4-ol-N-oxyl and 1,4-dibromobutane.

将聚苯乙烯树脂先碘化再乙酰基化，制得了负载型二乙酰氧碘苯(diacetoxyiodo polystyrene，PS-DIB)作为氧化剂。2，2，6，6-四甲基-N-氧自由基哌啶醇(2，2，6，6-tetramethyl-piperidin-4-ol-N-oxyl，TEMPO)与1，4-二溴丁烷反应生成4-溴丁氧基-2，2，6，6-四甲基-哌啶-1-氧化物，再与N-甲基咪唑发生季铵化反应，生成的溴化季铵盐与四氟硼酸钠进行离子交换制得氟硼酸型2，2，6，6-四甲基-N-氧自由基哌啶负载离子液体TEMPO-IL。

As metal ions can interact with both of ADM and DNA, they undoubtedly affect the interaction between ADM and DNA. Addition of a large excess of Cu or Fe into a solution of well-formed ADM-DNA complex makes the metal ions simultaneously bind to ADM and DNA to form a ternary complex. Otherwise,〓 or 〓 complexes can bind directly to DNA to form a ternary complex.

金属离子-ADM-DNA三元体系的光谱研究表明，当ADM与DNA结合后，大量Cu或Fe的加入可以使金属离子进入到ADM-DNA复合物中，并同时与ADM和DNA键合，形成三元复合物；反之，若ADM先与Cu或Fe配位，生成的金属配合物则能够直接与DNA结合形成三元复合物。

Their adsorption rate on the molecular sieve catalysts surface and the stability of their carbonium ions were then obtained based on the molecular simulation on these molecules from their dipole moment, 2-dimensional electrostatic potential energy contours and 3-dimensional electrostatic potential energy isosurface.

采用半经验的AM1量子化学计算方法和静态理论，分别考察了噻吩、 3 甲基噻吩和 2 ，5 二甲基噻吩分子结构特性的不同，从偶极矩、各自垂直于芳香环平面的二维电势能分布曲线和整个分子周围三维电势能分布情况等方面分析了它们在分子筛催化剂表面吸附速度的快慢和生成正碳离子稳定性的高低，进一步比较了噻吩及其衍生物所生成的正碳离子进一步反应的能量变化，从而可判断噻吩及其衍生物裂化脱硫速度的快慢，噻吩及其衍生物裂化脱硫的速度由大到小分别为：2 ，5 二甲基噻吩、 3 甲基噻吩、噻吩。

The main content includes:B-Site , and substitutions greatly decrease the dielectric losses ofO3 system ceramics under electric field; because of the different characteristics of different ions and the influence of pyrochlore phase created in system, B-Site and ion substitutions increase the dielectric constant of the system, whereas ion substitutions decrease the dielectric constant of the system.

论文的主要研究内容包括：B位，及的取代均大大降低了O3体系陶瓷在电场下的介电损耗；由于各离子特性的不同及体系中生成的焦绿石相的影响，B位，离子的取代使得体系的介电常数上升，离子的取代却使的体系的介电常数有所下降。

It follows that the de-protonic reaction of hydroxide group for PVA had taken place in above solution, and the coordination group for deprotonic oxygen of PVA had produced more. These ligands interact with some Fe3+ of ferric hydroxide while the ferric hydroxide in new emergence is forming,causing the formation of Fe-PVA coordination polymer-the composition of the reddish brown resinoid substance.

推定PVA部分羟基在上述条件下发生脱质子反应而提供L-配位体，Fe盐水解生成初生Fe3的Fe3+，它既有空轨道，又有较强的正电场，故能吸引PVA高分子配位体L-上的氧而形成O→Fe配位键，从而发生L-与Fe3+离子间的交联反应，生成多核Fe-PVA配位聚合物而析出红棕色树胶状物。

The water produced in the reactions did not need to be removed during the reaction because BF4 was miscible with water while the acetals or ketals were immiscible with BF4. Hence the product could be separated conveniently bydecanting.

反应中生成的水不需要被除去，因为反应中生成的水会被BF_4吸收，而大部分缩醛、缩酮产物则不溶于BF_4，可通过简单的重力沉降分离，离子液体仅需简单减压除水后即可循环使用。

Dolomite in powders and rocks reacted with alkalies come from alkaline solutions or released by the hydration of cement to form brucite, calcite and CO〓ions. In concrete or cement compacts, CO〓ions produced would react with portlandite to form calcite and regenerate OH〓ions, which permited a continuing reaction with the dolomite.

在混凝土或水泥压实体中，反应生成的CO〓离子会与水泥中水化生成的羟钙石反应生成方解石，并再生OH〓离子，这有助于去白云化反应的继续进行。

Single component and multi\|component of iron system colloidal catalyst \Ali\|Bu\-3CH\-2CHCH\-2Cl\ were mixed by different ratios in hydrogenated gasoline medium at 25℃.This paper studied the relationship between the nonaqueous systematic electroconductivity and the concentration of catalyst components.In combination with Tyndall effect,polymerization experimental results,Ali\|Bu\-3 existed in associated state and dissociated into ionpair.The reaction between Ali\|Bu\-3 and Fenaph\-2 was the main reaction which formed colloidal core.Ali\|Bu\-3 reacted on CH\-2CHCH\-2Cl and Ali\|Bu\-2Cl was yielded which joined the formation of active center on the surface of colloidal core.The excessive Ali\|Bu\-3 was dissociated into ionpair which formed double electrode layer,and the double electrode layer kept the colloidal particles relatively stable.

研究了在25℃加氢汽油介质中，铁系胶体催化剂［Fenaph2Ali-Bu3―CH2==CHCH2Cl］单组分、多组分按不同配比混合，非水体系电导率与浓度的关系，结合Tyndall效应，聚合实验结果，得出Ali-Bu3以缔合状态存在并解离成离子对它同环烷酸亚铁的作用是形成胶核的主要反应，与氯丙烯反应生成的氯化异丁基铝，在胶核表面参与形成活性中心由过量Ali-Bu3解离的离子对形成的双电层结构，使胶粒保持相对稳定。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。