离子对

Compared with the previous method, the improved route can provide directly a spheroid form of immobilized lipase particles of which the size can be controlled by adding non-ionic surfactants during the preparation process so as to increase the recovery rate of enzyme as well as decrease the external diffusional restriction which can diminish the enzyme activity. The improved method can also alter the hydrophobicity and microstructure of the immobilized enzyme matrix by changing the molar ratios of different alkoxyl silanes so as to enhance the enzyme activity by a"surface active effect"and eliminating the internal diffusional restriction.

与前人的制备方法相比，改进的方法可直接制得球形的固定化酶颗粒，而且颗粒的大小可以通过在制备过程中加入非离子型表面活性剂加以控制，从而可以提高固定化过程的酶活回收率和减小外扩散效应对酶的表观催化活力的影响；改进的方法还可以通过改变原料硅氧烷的种类及配比来改变最终制得的固定化载体的疏水性质及微观结构，从而通过对脂肪酶的&界面活化&作用和减小内扩散效应提高固定化脂肪酶的表观酯化活力。

It indicated that the amidoxime functionalized fiber had large adsorption capacity and high selectivity for uranium.

由对UO2(上标 2+)、Mg(上标 2+)、Ca(上标 2+)3种离子的吸附数据可知，铀／镁、铀／钙的选择性系数分别为20.26和4.01，表明该偕胺肟基纤维对铀具有较强的吸附选择性。

When phosphine≥〓mol is added to a solution ofL1M in 〓, a strong fluorescence species L1ML is formed and a new off-onprocess is completed.The reaction of L2 with 〓 gives macrocyclic luminescencecomplexes L2M by the π-π interaction of the anthryl groups in the two L2ligands.

对其光物理性能进行研究表明由L1到L1MCu(Ⅰ、Ag、Au荧光被完全猝灭呈现荧光on-off开关现象，金属络合物作为新的荧光分子开关体系以金属离子为受体中心在溶液中对三价磷中性客体呈现off-on开关现象。

After the carboxymethylation,the solubility of pachyman in the water was significantly increased,its β-D-glucan characteristic absorption peak at 890 cm-1 became weak obviously,and its methylene vibration absorption peak and CO antisymmetrical stretch vibration absorption peak appeared at 1 333 and 1 606 cm-1 respectively,which indicated that the carboxymethylation succeeded.The analysis of AFM results showed that CMP molecules existed in different morphology under different solution conditions,and that the concentration,ionic strength and solvent physical chemistry characteristics of polysaccharide solution had effects on the CMP chains conformation and the action mode between different molecular chains.The phenomena were considered to be related to hydrogen bond association and intramolecular and intermolecular electrostatic interactions of CMP.

结果表明：经过羧甲基修饰，茯苓多糖在水中的溶解性显著增加，890 cm-1 处的β-D-葡聚糖特征吸收峰明显减弱，1 333 cm-1 处出现次甲基振动吸收峰，1 606 cm-1 处出现〖JG(〗C〖ZJLX，Y〗O〖JG)〗非对称伸缩振动吸收峰，表明羧甲基化成功；原子力显微镜分析表明：在不同溶液条件下，CMP分子以不同形态存在，多糖溶液的浓度、离子强度及溶剂的物化特性均能对CMP的分子链构象及链间相互作用形式产生影响，推测可能与CMP分子内、分子间的氢键缔合及静电作用有关，CMP分子与云母基底间的吸附及静电作用也会对CMP的分子链构象及图像质量产生影响。

The two-step process involving gas oxidation of phenol to benzoquinone with complex metal ions catalysts and reduction of benzoquinone to hydroquinone with iron powder was studied.

以苯酚为原料，复合金属离子为催化剂，研究用气相氧化合成苯醌，用铁粉还原苯醌制对苯二酚的两步法工艺，考察了氧化过程中的工艺条件对反应的影响。

The optimal measuring conditions were investigated. The results indicated that the catalytic reaction to Pt and bromocresol purple was the first-order reaction. The apparent activation energy was 217.4kJ/mol and the maximum absorption wavelength of fading reaction was at 434 nm. The linear range of Pt was 0.16-4.0μg/L and the detection limit was 2.5×10^(-11)g/mL. Most of common ions had no interference with the determination, while ten multiples of Ru, Rh and Os had interference with the determination of Pt. Therefore.

选择了最佳测定条件，实验结果表明，催化反应对铂和溴甲酚紫为一级反应，反应的表观活化能为217.4kJ/mol，褪色反应的最大吸收波长为434nm，方法测定R哪的线性范围为0.16~4.0μg／L，检出限为2.5×10^(-11)g/mL，大多数常见离子不干扰测定，10倍以上的Ru，Rh和Os对测定有干扰，可在测定前分离除去。

Finally, SO2 removal efficiency empirical equation in the scope of experimental condition is gained from the result of uniform experiments by means of stepwise regression analysis.3. Under the basis of the experimental results in lab, crossflow packed-bed absorber for additional experiment is designed according to experience. The dimension of packed-bed absorber is fixed and flooding gas speed of absorber is checkouted. At the same time, calandria liquid distributor is designed. The efficiency of flue gas desulfurization by scrap iron is investigated in the additional equipment. Under th

为了更好的掌握脱硫工艺的过程规律，根据脱硫工艺涉及的Fe浓度范围，选用NaHso3作为反应物质，全面研究10一6M、阵扭l：IM范围内Fe液相催化氧化s反应动力学，将Fe浓度分为两个范围对实验结果加以讨论，确定HSO3一和Fe的反应级数，调查离子强度和温度对反应速率常数的影响；并结合研究者提出的自由基机理和反应历程，分析反应机理，解释动力学规律。

Reaction trends of catalytic desulfurization of thiophene were determined based on the reaction energy needed, which was obtained with the AM1 calculation results of thiophene and possible carbonium ions on transition state.

采用半经验AM1计算方法，利用静态理论对噻吩在分子筛催化剂上的催化裂化脱硫机理进行了量子化学计算研究，通过对噻吩分子和可能产生的中间正碳离子的量子化学计算，得到各中间反应所需的能量，从而判断噻吩催化裂化脱硫反应的趋势，证实了氢转移反应在催化裂化脱硫中所起的作用。

Nanocrystalline CeO 2 were prepared by sol gel method using cerous nitrate and citric acid. The powders were analyzed by XRD. It was showed that the synthesized CeO 2 was cubic in structure and CeO 2 particles were basically spherical in shape.

摘 要：以硝酸铈和柠檬酸为原料，采用溶胶凝胶法制备了纳米CeO2 对反应温度、金属离子与配体的摩尔比、凝胶烘干温度、焙烧温度等制备条件对产物的影响进行了研究。

The incidence rates and duration of ventricular dilation-induced arrhythmias in each of verapamil, chelerythrine or glibenclamide group were similar to those in control group. Conclusion Ventricular dilation may induce arrhythmias in isolated rat hearts, which is inhibited by ischemic preconditioning. The transient increase in [Ca(superscript 2+)] appeared to be a triggering factor in the process of ischemic preconditioning. K channel PKC might also play an important roles in this process.

对大鼠心室进行膨胀可诱发心律失常；缺血预适应对心律失常的发生具有抑制作用；细胞内钙离子浓度的短暂升高可能是缺血预适应发挥抑制作用的驱动因子；ATP敏感性钾通道及蛋白激酶C在缺血预适应过程中可能发挥了重要作用。

According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。