离子对

Thus, a systematic study of the chromium-doped forsterite, both in theory and experiment, is of importance, not only to the explanation of the emission mechanism of the crystal, but also to the revaluation and utilization of the characteristics of Cr ions as well.

因而，从理论和实验上对Cr：Mg〓SiO〓晶体进行系统的研究，不仅对解释该晶体的发光机理，而且对重新认识铬离子的特性乃至发掘其潜力，都有重要的意义。

Gene sequence was highly homologic with a gene encoding aβ- subunit of ATP synthetase and an EST originating from a cDNA in relation to water deficit stress, which both were closely associated with the protein functioning in stress resistance and ion transportation. The results suggested that No. 1 gene sequence was involved in stress resistance of apple rootstock. No. 2 gene sequence had high homology with a gene encoding a serine/ threonine kinase protein, indicating perhaps it was a new gene encoding the serine/ threonine kinase protein in apple rootstock. The gene sequences of A1 and A2 were highly homologic with a gene encoding aβsubunit of ATP synthetase.

对得到的差异片断进行回收、测序，通过BLAST和其它植物比对，发现Ⅰ号序列与一条编码ATP合酶β亚基基因和一条水分亏缺胁迫cDNA克隆基因EST的同源性非常高，该序列编码涉及到了抗性表达、离子转运基因，可能参与了植物抗性表达，说明获得的基因序列应是与苹果砧木抗性相关的基因；Ⅱ序列与一条serine/threonine kinase蛋白激酶的蛋白序列同源性比较高，核酸比对较低，可能是具有丝氨酸/苏氨酸蛋白激酶功能的新基因。A1、A2序列与一条编码ATP合酶β亚基基因的同源性较高。

The results in this paper are concluded as follows:(1) Rolling contact fatigue has been used to examine the interfacial reaction products and study the mechanism of ion beam intermixing effect on the adhesion of Cr-N coating on steel by IBAD.

对多次冲击条件下薄膜的失效抗力及其与薄膜力学性能之间的关系进行了初步探讨，得到如下结果：（1）用滚动接触疲劳法检测离子轰击导致的界面反应产物和研究离子束共混对钢基体上IBAD沉积Cr-N薄膜结合强度的影响本质，结果表明，滚动接触疲劳能有效地分析界面最薄弱位置和评估界面反应产物，滚动接触疲劳引起的剥落可作为研究界面反应产物对结合强度影响的根据。

Sodium laurate is not effective for carbon steel corrosion in CO_2-saturated solution containing Cl-, but it is effective for galvanic corrosion of galvanic couple (stainless steel/carbon steel).

月桂酸盐对碳钢在饱和CO_2的含氯离子介质中的腐蚀抑制效果较差，但对碳钢/不锈钢偶对的电偶腐蚀抑制效果较好。

Secondly, the silver based catalysts modified by phosphorus, zirconium, zinc, potassium and so on using molecular sieve as carrier, which were produced by ion-exchange method, had also good catalytic performance for 1,2-propane glycol oxidation to methylglyoxal. The conversion of 1,2-propane glycol and the selectivity of methylglyoxal were both high, and the impurity such as formaldehyde and acetaldehyde in the product is little. At the condition of the temperature 300 ℃, the molar ratio of oxygen to 1,2-propane glycol 1.7:1, the space velocity 6000h~(-1), and the concentration of 1,2-propane glycol 70wt%, the conversion of 1,2-propane glycol is 90% and the selectivity of methylglyoxal is 45% on the Ag-P catalyst.

其次对采用离子交换法制备的负载在分子筛上的银系催化剂进行了研究，发现此催化剂在助催化剂磷、锆、锌、钾等的作用下对丙二醇的低温氧化脱氢具有很高的活性，可以得到较好的丙酮醛的收率，并且产物中的甲醛、乙醛副产物的量比较低；经过对Ag-P催化剂上反应条件的考察，发现当温度为300℃、氧醇比1.7：1、空速6000h~(-1)、丙二醇浓度为70wt%时，丙二醇的转化率为90%，丙酮醛的选择性为45%。

It is especially discussed that the principle, operation process and effects of the operation parameters on the characteristic of the products when the hydrophilic drug micronized with the supercritical assisted atomization which is an improvement on the supercritical anti-solvent technology. It is also introduced that the embedment of hydrophobic drug into biodegradable materials with the use of surfactant as well as the effect of different molecular weight of carrier and different ratio of complex carrier on the characteristic of products is made. It is pointed out that the use of surfactant will improve the micronization of microparticles of the hydrophobic drugs.

在药物微粉化方面，着重介绍了超临界辅助原子化法对水溶性药物的处理，包括该方法的原理、操作方法以及操作参数对产品性能的影响，证明该方法用于改善水溶性药物的微粉化具有良好的效果；在制备药物微球方面，重点介绍了不同操作条件和不同分子质量的载体、不同配比的复合载体对药物微球性能的影响以及表面活性剂在亲脂性及离子型药物微球制备中的应用，指出添加表面活性剂将更有利于得到该类药物的微球。

In this study,under laboratory conditions,using traditional microbiological culture method,select the Pb2+ stress training of Pistia stratiote and Myriophyllum spicatum L. under water culture, through the changs of root- microbial of Pistia stratiote and Myriophyllum spicatum L.,the results show that bacteria,fungi,actinomycetes have different concentrations under Pb2+ stress. It is specificity of ammonification, nitrification,andanti-Nitrosation after Pb2+ stress.

中文摘要：本研究在实验室条件下，用传统的微生物培养法，选择重金属离子Pb2+在水培条件下对大薸和穗状狐尾藻进行胁迫培养，通过测定大薸和穗状狐尾藻根系的微生物区系及与氮循环有关的四种细菌的数量变化发现：细菌、真菌、放线菌对重金属Pb2+的不同浓度的敏感性不同；重金属Pb2+胁迫对氨化、硝化、亚硝化和反硝化四类细菌的影响也表现出各自的特殊性。

In acid pulp, the depressing abilities of reagents on diaspore are in the order of hydroxamic acid starch＞dialdehyde starch＞carboxymethyl starch＞cationic starch＞primary starch. In addition, hydroxamic acid starch and carboxymethyl starch can activate kaolinite without influence on the recoveries of pyrophyllite and illite, so the two reagents have great potential and prospect to be the depressant of diaspore and the activator of kaolinite in bauxite reverse flotation.(3) By oximation of the copolymer of acrylamide and methyl acrylate, hydroxamic acid polyacrylamide is synthesized.

3对丙烯酰胺和丙烯酸甲酯的共聚物肟化制得氧肟酸聚丙烯酰胺，将它同非离子聚丙烯酰胺、阴离子聚丙烯酰胺、阳离子聚丙烯酰胺和两性聚丙烯酰胺分别应用于四种矿物的单矿物浮选试验，结果显示，改性聚丙烯酰胺对一水硬铝石、高岭石和伊利石均具有活化作用，其中，药剂对高岭石的活化最强，使它的回收率在整个pH值范围达到80％左右，在一定pH条件下超过一水硬铝石的回收率，解决了高岭石难浮选的问题。

The effect of additive concentration on tribological characteristics of liquid paraffine and water was evaluated on Optimol SRV friction and wear tester. The effect of anions and cations on the tribological properties of additives in water was also investigated.

(1)考察了在干摩擦和液体石蜡润滑下铈离子注入剂量对GCr15轴承钢摩擦磨损性能的影响，以及大气中水分对注入试样摩擦磨损性能的影响，采用XPS和EPMA等表面分析仪器对磨损表面进行了分析。

Synthesis of the phenylhydrazone, oxime and semicarbazonederivatives of calix[4]arenesThe reaction of p-formylcalix[4]arenes with phenyl hydrazine,hydroxylamine hydrochloride or semicarbazide hydrochloride afforded thephenylhydrazone, oxime or semicarbazone derivatives of calix[4]arenes,respectively.

酯型杯[4]冠醚的全醚化及性能研究利用氢化钠作为碱，对酯型杯[4]冠醚剩余酚羟基进行烷基化，合成中性杯芳烃酯型冠醚，初步研究了其对金属离子、有机阳离子和中性分子的识别情况，发现其对这些底物缺乏有效作用能力。

According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。