离子对

The aim of this dissertation is to systematically study on the cloud-point extraction and its application to the separation/preconcentration and speciation of metal ions.

本论文的目的是，以原子光谱分析技术为检测手段，对影响金属离子浊点萃取效率的主要因素进行系统地研究，并将其应用于实际样品中痕量金属离子的分离富集及形态分析。

Sodium lauroyl sarcosine was used as a denaturant, a novel protein refolding method, which was proposed on the basis of one step-AMC and IEC, one step-AMC-IEC was used on the refolding of denatured/reduced lysozyme.

一步人工分子伴侣-离子交换色谱法辅助还原变性溶菌酶的复性：以月桂酰基肌氨酸钠(Sodium Lauroyl Sarcosine，Sarkosyl，SLS)作为蛋白变性剂，发展了一步人工分子伴侣-离子交换色谱法，对还原变性溶菌酶进行了复性研究。

And the PLA/Chitosan/ACP barriers with additional 2 wt% chitosan still maintain 56.58 % antibacterial ability after eightieth day. The different composition of PLA/Chitosan/ACP composites was prepared by water washing solidification from NMP/water/lactic acid consolvent. After storing at room temperature for 48 hours and taking it out to obtain a shapable composites. To investigate the influence of ratio of composition with the shapable property of composites, it was analyzed by Rheometer, TGA, AFM, XRD. The result of the different APC content had different effect both water content and yield stress of composite materials. The yield stress decreased with ACP content while increases. It was derived that ions, released from ACP interact with amide groups of chitosan to form water-absorbing ionic clusters through chelating or electrostatic attraction.

另外，以聚乳酸/几丁聚醣作为基材并添加不同比例的非晶型磷酸钙，经过水洗固化后可得白色片状沉淀物，於室温下静置48小时后，复合材之体积呈现膨胀且具有可塑形之特性，以热重分析仪与流变仪分析样品之含水率与屈伏应力，结果显示不同ACP含量对复合材含水率与屈伏应力具有消长变化，而PLA/Chitosan/ACP之可塑程度与其所吸收之水份多寡有关，推测可能机制为ACP磷酸钙盐解离后之金属离子与几丁聚醣之胺基透过螯合作用或静电吸引之交互作用，形成具吸水性之离子团簇分散於疏水性之聚乳酸基材中。

The effects of calcium and spermidine on the growth, electrolyte leakage, ion contents and polyamine levels of maize seedlings under NaCl stress were investigated.

研究了钙离子和亚精胺对盐胁迫条件下玉米幼苗生长状况、电解质渗漏、离子含量和多胺水平的影响。

Thin layers of stannic phosphate have been used to study the chroma-tographic behaviour of 44 metal ion in DMSO-nitric acid systems and DMSO-H2O systems.

故选择适当比例的DMSO-HNO_3和DMSO-H_2O为混合溶剂系统，利用磷酸锡对某些金属离子的选择性，可使许多金属离子相互分离。

Starting from the hydroxylamine (dimethyl amino ethanol, triethanolamine) and 1, 3-propane sultone, a series of hydroxyl and sulfonyl dual-functionalized zwitterionic salts were synthesized. Then dual-functionalized ionic liquids containing both hydroxyl and sulfonyl functional groups were produced successfully by zwitterionic salts and three kinds of strong acids (p-toluene sulfonic acid, trifluoromethanesulfonic acid, methanesulfonic acid) respectively. The structure of zwitterionic salts and dual-functional ionic liquids were confirmed by the 1H NMR and IR.

以羟基有机胺(N，N-二甲基乙醇胺，三乙醇胺)为原料与1，3-磺酸内酯反应合成了一系列含有羟基和磺酸基双官能团的内盐，并将所得到的内盐分别与三种强酸(对甲苯磺酸，三氟磺酸，甲磺酸)反应，成功地合成了双功能化室温离子液体，并通过红外光谱、核磁氢谱测定，证实了内盐和双功能化离子液体的结构。

The factors of temperature and humidity influenced on film thickness and order of layer were studied, in which pulling speed and pulling times were also included. It showed that the thickness of single dip-coating film reached 0.23 μm ~ 0.625 μm, and the degree of order of surface layer were still holding much higher.b Adopting calcined or uncalcined mesoporous silica membrane as matrix, nano zirconia particles were assembled through ion exchange method and ion-template exchange method.

结果表明，单次提拉膜膜厚0.23μm～0.625μm、8次提拉后表层膜仍有一定的有序性； b以自制的介孔氧化硅煅烧/未煅烧厚膜样为基体，采用离子交换法/离子模板交换法组装锆氧纳米粒子，选用DSC-TG、FT-IR、Uv-vis、SAXRD等对不同组装方法、锆源浓度、pH值等组装条件下ZrO_2/介孔氧化硅厚膜组装效果进行评价。

The results reveal that the surface microimages of Mg-implanted samples compared to unimplanted no distinctness influence.

分析结果显示，离子注入对材料表面形貌无显著影响，Mg离子注入后在纯Ti表面有MgO和Mg_2TiO_5生成，ZrO_2表面则有MgAl_2O_4生成。

In this thesis, an unmagnetized, collisionless dusty plasma which consisted of extremely massive, highly negatively charged dust particles, ions and electrons are studied. Considering the effects of hot dust fluid with non-thermal ions and variable dust charge, we study the self-consisted system parameters on the structures of the dust-acoustic solitary waves by reductive perturbation methods.

本论文研究无磁化、无碰撞的、由大质量且带负电量的尘埃颗粒、电子和离子组成的尘埃等离子体，考虑尘埃流体的温度、非热离子和尘埃颗粒电荷绝热变化的因素，使用约化摄动方法研究这个自洽的系统的参数对尘埃声孤波结构的影响。

Compared of the efficiency of treating heavy metals in FGD wastewater with NaOH, Ca_2 and Mg_2. It indicated that NaOH was much efficient for precipitated waste water; Ca_2 was much efficient for unprecipitated waste water, the removal efficiency reached 98.4%. With the increasing of the main ion of Ca~2+, Cl~- in FGD wastewater, the efficiency decreased. It decreased 60% for the removing of Mn and 10% for Zn, Cd and Ni. The rectification coefficient token the Ksp of practical wastewater because it quite different with theoretic Ksp at different pH; the theoretic and practice addition were proportioned and it commonly reached 1:300.The precipitation efficiency of Na2S at different pH and the effect of Ca2+ was determined.

比较了NaOH、Ca_2和Mg_2处理脱硫废水时重金属的去除效果，分析了Ca~(2+)、SO_4~(2-)和Cl~-等主要离子的影响，结果表明：NaOH和Ca_2能有效处理脱硫废水中的重金属；对澄清废水而言，NaOH效果较好，对于未澄清废水而言，Ca_2效果更好，但去除废水中重金属的效率都能达到98.4%；随着Ca~(2+)、Cl~-等主要离子浓度的增大，中和作用去除重金属的效率降低，Mn最大降低60%，Zn，Cd，Ni降低10%左右；实际重金属浓度和用理论Ksp计算所得值差别很大，通过校正系数能有效计算实际重金属浓度；实现相同pH时氢氧化物的理论和实际投加量成一定比例，最大可达1：500。

According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。