离子对

Relationships between ionic strength and ionic activity coefficient were analyzed.

以吉林省西部典型苏打碱土区为例，对地下水离子强度和离子活度进行了计算，讨论了离子强度与各离子活度系数之间的关系。

The ion concentrations were studied in both four snow pits on Hami Miaoergou FlatTopped Glacier and one snow pit on Haxilegen Glacier No.51 of Kuitun river in eastern Tianshan Mountain, and both snow pits were retrieved in 2004. The results show that the Ca2+, NO-3 and SO2-4, particularly Ca2+, are major ions in the snow of snow pits in both ablation and accumulation area and also in the ice of snow pits in accumulation area on Hami Miaoergou FlatTopped Glacier, where the relationships among major cation concentrations in snow of snow pits can be revealed by ion concentrations in the ice of snow pits, but the correlation between ion concentrations in the snow of snow pits and elevation is not obvious, which probably can be attributed to the narrow span of elevation and sparse snow pits on glacier. However, the good correlation between ion concentrations in the ice of snow pits and elevation indicates that the elution process weakened gradually with the elevation rise and temperature decrease.

对2004年获取的天山奎屯河哈希勒根51号冰川1个雪坑和哈密庙尔沟平顶冰川4个雪坑的离子浓度特征进行了研究，结果表明：Ca2+、NO-3和SO42-是哈密庙尔沟平顶冰川雪坑雪层和积累区雪坑底部冰中的主要离子（尤其是Ca2+），其雪层中的主要阳离子关系可在底部冰中得以较好的反映，但雪层中各离子浓度与海拔的相关性不明显，可能与海拔的跨度较小和挖取的雪坑较疏有关；雪坑底部冰中的离子浓度与海拔间明显的相关性说明淋融作用随着海拔升高、气温降低而逐渐减弱。

Sensing ability of PSS/PANI self-assembled film with different doping/dedoping structure to DMMP and CEES was investigated. Results demonstrate that the gas sensitivity of PSS/PANI self-assembled film is affected by the size of dopant counterions. Gas sensitivity of self-assembled film increases with increasing size of dopant counterions. It is found that sensing ability of PSS/PANI self-assembled film to DMMP increases significantly by redoping/dedoping EB-PSS/PANI film with sarin acid that has similar structure with DMMP.

首次考察了不同掺杂/脱掺杂结构的PSS/PANI自组装膜对化学战剂模拟剂DMMP和CEES的敏感性能，研究表明，掺杂酸对离子的尺寸大小对PSS/PANI自组装膜的气敏性有很大影响，较大的对离子尺寸有利于提高自组装膜的气敏性；并且发现采用与DMMP结构类似的沙林酸对EB-PSS/PANI自组装膜进行再掺杂-脱掺杂，能显著提高PSS/PANI自组装膜对DMMP的敏感性能。

Because the principle of the adsorption in removing heavy metals between aqueous and waste water. Therefor, the study of removing heavy metals in solution by actived carbon can help the treatment of removing the heavy metals in industry waste water and present a valuable reference for research on the disposing of metals in solution using actived carbon adsorption method.

活性炭吸附水溶液中的重金属离子与其吸附废水中的重金属离子的原理是相通的，所以对活性炭吸附溶液中重金属离子的研究有助于利用活性炭吸附技术处理工业废水，并为活性炭吸附溶液中的重金属离子方面的研究提供有益的参考。

In this paper,the SMO-type lithium ion sieve was the main research object,the manganates and lithium salts were taken as the main raw materials.Two LISs with high uptake capacity,better selectivity and stable structure were successfully prepared by hydrothermal method and coprecipitation method based on the discussion of correlation between Li+ uptake performance and the preparation conditions of LIS precursors.The effects of preparation conditions on Li+ uptake were also investigated.

本文以SMO型锂离子筛为研究对象，以锰盐和锂盐为主要原料，在采用固相法探讨离子筛前驱体制备条件与离子筛提锂性能关系的基础上，分别采用水热法、共沉淀法为主要合成方法，成功制备了具有高提锂容量、选择性好及结构稳定的两种锂离子筛材料，并研究了合成条件对材料制备及提锂性能的影响。

The results showed that the adsorption capacity of clay increased with the rising of solution's concentration in a specified concentration. The higher valences of icons have greater adsorption capacity than the lower valences.

结果表明，在一定浓度范围内，粘土对金属离子的吸附量随着离子浓度的增加而升高，高价金属离子的竞争吸附能力要高于低价离子。

The ion mobility was measured at different temperatures and the effects of the temperature in drift tube on the variety and yield of the reactant ions and product ion s were discussed.

本研究在不同温度下进行了离子迁移率实验，结果表明，离子迁移率随温度的升高而增大，而提高工作温度可以减少水分子对产物离子的影响，有利于改善系统检测的分辨率；选择合适漂移管工作温度，能有效地增加反应物离子的产量，从而提高系统检测的灵敏度和选择性。

In the second part of this thesis, the physical model, which used to describe the evolution of highly charged ions in the EBIT and provided by Penetrate, are discussed in detail. Based on this model, we have some modifications. The modified physical model takes the effect of the geometry of drift tube, the cumulation of space charge, and ionization heating into account.

在论文第二部分，我们详细讨论了Penetrate所提出的用来描述高价态离子在电子束离子阱中演化的物理模型，并在Penetrate所提出的物理模型基础上做了部分修正，修正后的物理模型考虑了漂移管的几何位形、电离加热以及电子束的空间电荷累积的影直流电弧等离子体发生器的数值模拟及电子束离子阱物理研究响，利用修正后的物理模型，对高价态离子在EBI下中演化过程进行详细地数值模拟。

The results show that the ion mobility increases as temperature rises; the influence of water vapor on product ions was reduced and the system resolution was enhanced at a higher temperature. In addition, the reactant ion yield can be effectively increased by choosing a proper temperature in drift tube, and improves the sensitivity and selectivity of system.

本研究在不同温度下进行了离子迁移率实验，结果表明，离子迁移率随温度的升高而增大，而提高工作温度可以减少水分子对产物离子的影响，有利于改善系统检测的分辨率；选择合适漂移管工作温度，能有效地增加反应物离子的产量，从而提高系统检测的灵敏度和选择性。

Take only half hour to complete and the gate has a 0.75mm grid spacing. Meanwhile, the influence of the voltage on the ion gate was studied. The drift tube was easily machined and assembled.

在仪器的关键部件――离子门，研制了一种成本低，制作工艺简单的离子门，该离子门相邻金属丝间距为0.75mm，同时考查了离子门处电压特性对迁移谱的影响。

According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。