离子对

The effects of temperature, pH, ionic strength and ionic variety on the nitrogen solubility of chickpea protein isolate were investigated, and those of pH and ionic strength on emulsifying capacity and emulsion stability were also studied.

研究各种外部条件如温度、pH、离子强度、离子种类对鹰嘴豆分离蛋白质溶解性的影响以及pH、离子强度对乳化能力及乳化稳定性的影响。

The significance of this research is that to understand the effects of sublethal metal toxicity on the fish and how such effects could be set up as molecular biomarkers to indicate the exposure of fish to low metal concentrations.

混合重金属离子相互作用对其在鲫鱼组织中积累的影响结果表明，混合重金属离子相互作用对Cu、Pb在鲫鱼组织中的积累的影响与离子的种类、数量及组织的类型有关。

In this paper, we studied M. meretrix ferritin, cathepsin B and caspase genes, which are involved in clam larval shell formation, nutrition, metabolism and apoptosis, respectively. We have cloned the three genes, investigated the temporal and spatial expression profile both at gene and protein level in trochophore (L1), D-veliger (L2), pediveliger (L3) and postlarvae (L4). The potential roles of these proteins were analyzed with specific inhibitors during larval development. Firstly, embryos were found developed into trochophore-like larvae with no shell if cultured at gastrula stage in artificial seawater without iron. Shell-like structures were formed only in the presence of iron. The larvae which had been transferred at L1 stage into ASW developed normal shell. This indicated that iron and iron associated protein are important for larval shell formation. The EST sequence which is homologous with ferritin, which is a principal iron metabolic protein, was selected from the M. meretrix cDNA library. The full-length of ferritin subunit cDNA was cloned by RACE. The results of real-time PCR revealed that the MmeFer mRNA expression changed before and after the larval shell formation.

本论文以文蛤幼虫为研究对象，分别对文蛤幼虫发育过程中贝壳形成相关的铁蛋白、营养及变态相关的组织蛋白酶B及变态过程中细胞凋亡相关的caspase三个基因进行了克隆，分析了基因及编码蛋白在担轮幼虫期(L1)、D形幼虫期(L2)、壳顶幼虫期(L3)和稚贝期(L4)的时空表达特征，解析了其可能的功能，并研究了相应酶类的特异性抑制剂作用对幼虫发育过程的影响，进行了目标蛋白的功能验证，详述如下：研究结果显示，在文蛤胚胎发育到原肠胚时放入不含铁离子的人工海水中培养，发育成无壳的畸形，随着人工海水中铁离子添加浓度的升高，幼虫长出壳状组织接近正常状态；而发育到L1期幼虫放入不含铁离子的人工海水中培养却可以发育出正常的壳，推测铁和铁代谢相关蛋白在幼虫贝壳初始形成有重要的作用。

These experiments suggest that this dihydropyridinesensitive isoform of the mbC α1 subunit is functional in the transfected chromaffin cells and that the number of calcium channels is a limiting component in the secretion from chromaffin cells in culture.

这些实验结果推论这个小鼠脑中的对双氢吡啶敏感的mbC钙离子通道是L-型钙离子通道，并在转化的肾上腺嗜铬细胞中具有功能活性，而且说明钙离子通道的数目对培养的肾上腺嗜铬细胞的分泌是个限制因素。

The contribution of electrostatic interaction to the transfer volumes is predominant. The reduction in the electrostriction with increasing the concentration of salts was confirmed by the decreased hydration number.

氨基酸两性离子端基和阴阳离子间的静电作用对迁移体积的贡献是主要的，静电作用削弱了两性离子带电中心对周围水分子的电致收缩效应，造成氨基酸的理论水化数随盐溶液浓度的增加而减小。

The results of the present research are as follows, The correlation between physico-chemical properties of organic compounds and their competitive power was studied, and it was indicated that organic compounds preferable to form H-bonding with organic matter of sorbents have stronger competitive power; Sorption behaviors of ionizable organic compounds in different species and their competitive power were examined, and the results showed that phenols and carbonxylic acids with benzyl circle have much stronger competitive power in molecular species than in ionized species, because negative charges of anionic forms can depressed their adsorption on the surface of the sediment; in contrast, organic bases such as aniline and p-chloroaniline show weaker competitive power in molecular species than in ionized species, and this is because both species of the organic bases could adsorb strongly onto the sediment; there is a correlation between competitive power of organic pollutants in multi-solute systems and their sorption isotherm nonlinearity in single-solute systems, and organic compounds whose sorption isotherms is linear in single-solute systems hardly have competitive power in multi-solute systems; Competitive sorption effects in more than two-solutes systems was studied, and it was exhibited that mixture of two cosolutes each of which could suppress sorption of nominal solute onto the sediment had synergistically competitive sorption effect on the nominal solute; A method about incorporating sorption/desorption of organic pollutants into river water quality model was developed, and discussion about degree of sorption/desorption effect on model prediction for different organic compounds was made, which will provide theoretical basis and practical processes for setting up more accurate water quality model.

论文主要取得了以下研究成果。(1)有机化合物的吸附竞争能力与其物化性质具有相关性，易与沉积物有机质形成氢键的化合物其竞争能力也比较强；(2)可离子化有机化合物的吸附竞争能力与其存在形态有关。酚类、含苯环的羧酸类化合物，其离子态的吸附竞争能力远小于分子态，其机理为有机酸阴离子所带的负电荷抑制了表面吸附能力，主要发生分配作用；而苯胺类化合物，其离子态和分子态都表现出显著的竞争能力，而且离子态的竞争能力略强于分子态，原因在于有机碱阳离子所带的正电荷促进了其表面吸附能力；有机化合物竞争能力的强弱与其单组分吸附等温线的非线性程度具有一定的相关性，吸附等温线近似为线性的化合物没有或只具有微弱的竞争能力；(3)对目标有机化合物的吸附具有竞争效应的有机化合物混合后，将对目标有机化合物的吸附产生协同竞争效应；(4)以京杭运河为例，率先提出了将有机污染物的吸附／脱附作用及水文水力参数耦合到水质模型中的方法，并讨论了吸附／脱附作用对不同有机污染物预测模型的影响，为建立更准确的水质模型及进行更客观的风险和生态评估提供了参考依据。

Silver ion selective electrode was utilized in the potential titrimetric measurements of chloride in water.

用银离子选择性电极做响应电极，以AgNO3滴定水溶液中的氯离子，研究了不同计算方法对终点时AgNO3用量的影响，以及离子强度、有机溶剂等因子对滴定曲线和滴定终点的影响。

The difference of bulk density of coastal soils took an effect on infiltration rate and diffuse rate. The infiltration rate and diffuse rate of coastal soils which bulk density was small were big. The water transmitting experiment of coastal soils showed that the saturated conductivity of different layers in soil profile were great, and the saturated conductivity of undisturbed soil was highly higher than that of disturbed soil. The saturated conductivity of coastal soils embanked earlier was lower than that of coastal soils embanked later. Under different water content, the unsaturated conductivity of coastal soils had a great change and the bulk density had an effect on unsaturated conductivity. The soil with a low bulk density had a high unsaturated conductivity. Chlorine ion moved in coastal soil was an inert ion. The distribution of CU in soil was definite and repeated, which is no relation with the time and velocity of infiltration. The concentration of infiltration solution and the texture of coastal soils had no apparent effect on solute movement synthetic dispersion coefficient, while bulk density took an apparent effect on solute movement synthetic dispersion coefficient. Synthetic dispersion coefficient of coastal soils increased as bulk density decreased.

浙江大学硕士毕业论文浙北海涂土壤水分特性及溶质运移模拟研究 4、海涂土壤的导水能力强，且土壤剖面备土层的饱和导水率变化大，原状土的饱和导水率远大于扰动土的饱和导水率，围垦时间较早的海涂土壤的饱和导水率较围垦时间晚的海涂土壤的饱和导水率要小；不同含水量下的非饱和导水率变化范围很大，最大值与最小值差距可达 10'③ 5、容重的不同对入渗率、扩散率、非饱和导水率都有影响，容重小，入渗率、扩散率、非饱和导水率也花 6、在海涂土壤中运移的氯离子是一&惰性离子&，氯离子在土壤运移过程中的分布有一定的确定性和重现性，与入渗时间和入渗速度无关，溶质运移过程中，入渗溶液的浓度和海涂土壤的质地对溶质运移综合扩散系数DSh无明显影响，而土壤容重对溶质运移综合扩散系数DSh有影响，容重小，DSh大。

The calcium sulfate was dissolved and led to the rapid increase of calcium ion concentration in the solution. So the calcium sulfate is not suitable for being seed crystal of low-salt concentration. The quartz sand and calcium carbonate both can be used as seed crystals, but it is much faster and more complete to use calcium carbonate as seed crystal compared with using quartz sand.

当硫酸钙加入处理液中发生了硫酸钙溶解现象，导致溶液钙离子浓度迅速增加，故硫酸钙不适合做低浓度盐水的晶种，而石英砂和碳酸钙均能对钙离子的结晶起到效果，但碳酸钙做晶种对钙离子的结晶更快捷、更彻底，在条件允许的情况下，采用碳酸钙做晶种为宜。

Er concentration.2. With the analysis of the optical parameters calculated by Judd-Ofelt theory and the lifetime of ~4I_(13/2) of Er gotten in experiment, we investigated Y dopings dispertion effect and influence to the environment of Er .3. In the research of Er/Yb/Al co-doped laser glass, we fixed the Er:Yb at 1:6 and varied the Al concentration.

我们利用Judd-Ofelt理论，计算得到了Er/Y共掺玻璃的Judd-Ofelt强度系数、光谱质量因子、自发辐射弛豫率和能级寿命等光谱参数，并且给出了不同Y掺杂浓度下Er~(3 )离子的荧光量子效率；结合Er~(3 )离子~4I_(13/2)能级的荧光寿命，深入探讨了掺Y对高浓度Er~(3 )离子在硼硅酸盐玻璃中分布的弥散作用和对配位场环境的影响。

Lugalbanda was a god and shepherd king of Uruk where he was worshipped for over a thousand years.

Lugalbanda 是神和被崇拜了一千年多 Uruk古埃及喜克索王朝国王。

I am coming just now,' and went on perfuming himself with Hunut, then he came and sat.

我来只是现在，'歼灭战perfuming自己与胡努特，那麼，他来到和SAT 。