离子原

Sulfide layer was made on the surface of high speed steel (W6Mo5Cr4V2) by means of low temperature ion sulfurization. The tribological properties of the sulfide layer under dry sliding were investigated on an MM 200 friction and wear test rig. An atomic force microscope and a scanning electron microscope equipped with an energy dispersive spectrometer attachment were adopted to analyze the morphologies and compositions of the original and worn surfaces of the sulfide layer. The phase structure of the sulfide layer was determined by X ray diffraction.

采用低温离子渗硫工艺在 W6 Mo5 Cr4 V2高速钢表面制备了硫化物固体润滑层，在 MM- 2 0 0型摩擦磨损试验机上对渗硫层的摩擦学性能进行了干摩擦试验研究，用原子力显微镜及扫描电子显微镜和 X射线光电子能谱分析渗层表面、截面、磨面的形貌及成分，用 X射线衍射仪分析了渗硫层相结构。

Fig. 7 shows 3D images and surface roughness of the Siwafer by AFM to compare the unimplanted with implanted surface.

图7显示的是原子力显微镜下硅片在注入氮离子前后的三维立体和表面粗糙维度对比。

It is proved by practice that using ion exchange method to produce desalted water is feasible in technique to the raw water with its electricity less than 1080μs/cm.

实践证明，对于电导率不大于10 80 μs/cm的原水，采用离子交换法制取除盐水在技术上是可行

The chemical structure, thermal properties and liquid crystalline character of liquid crystalline ionomers were analyzed with FT-IR, POM, DSC and WAXD, the result shows the ionomers have the same structures-nematic texture-with the previous polymers before ion monomer was added.

利用红外光谱分析对其结构进行了表征，采用偏光显微镜、示差扫描量热仪和广角X射线衍射等手段对其液晶性能进行了表征。结果表明：各离聚物与原没有加入离子单体的聚合物具有相同的织构，均为向列型液晶。

When purify carries the suspension colloid grain of negative electric charge in natural raw water, it is OK that its element linear grows the positive electrical charge that contains in catenary to be opposite remove electric sex to counteract the double function that reachs adsorption to bridge at the same time, and water-solubility of starch of this kind of modified is good, burnt viscosity is stable, cast impose kind agile, it is a kind of function exceedingly good organic, inorganic and compound high polymer garrulous coagulates agent.

在去除天然原水中带负电荷的悬浮胶体颗粒时，其分子线性长链中所带有的正电荷对可以同时起到电性中和及吸附(物质表面吸住周围介质中的分子或离子现象)架桥的双重功能，而且这种改性淀粉水溶性好，糊粘度稳定，投加方式灵活，是一种性能优异的有机-无机复合高分子絮凝(使液体中悬浮微粒集聚变大或形成絮团，从而加快粒子聚沉，达到固-液分离的过程)剂。

The chip used contains 4097 genes covering oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes, the genes related to ion channels, cell cycle proteins, outer force reaction proteins, cell skeleton and movement, and apoptosis, the genes associated with DNA synthesis, repair and recombination, the genes related to DNA combining and transcription, the genes encoding cell receptors, the genes related to signaling, the genes associated with immune response, metabolism, protein synthesis, development and others.

实验所用的芯片含有4097个基因，包括原癌基因和抑癌基因、离子通道和运输蛋白基因、细胞周期蛋白基因、外压反应蛋白基因、细胞骨架蛋白和运动相关基因、细胞凋亡相关蛋白基因、DNA合成和修复和重组相关蛋白基因、DNA结合和转录和转录因子基因、细胞受体基因、免疫相关基因、细胞信号传导蛋白基因、代谢相关蛋白基因、蛋白质翻译和合成相关基因、发育相关基因、及其它基因。

These include depolarization of the membrane potential in epidermal cells, specific expression of early nodulin genes and changes in the flux of calcium in root hairs, deformation of root hairs, cell division in the root cortex and formation of the nodule primordium.

结瘤因子信号能够诱导豆科植物根毛细胞质膜去极化、离子流动和早期结瘤素基因的表达以及根毛变形、皮层细胞分裂和根瘤原基形成等与共生有关的表型变化。

The silica surfaces polished with ion beam of 400ev energy and 100mA density in 35°incident angle for 2hrs was found to have a roughness less than 0.5nm . The SFM was also used to measure the surfaces to be bonded by SAB method and the deformations of the surfaces during contact each other. The micro roughness of the surfaces was found to produce great effect on the SAB strength. The rougher the surfaces are, the weaker the bonding forms.

本文首先将原子力显微镜应用于一种新的超光滑表面离子束抛光的工艺研究，搞清了表面纳米级微观形貌与离子束抛光参数之间的关系，在离子能量为400V、束流密度为100mA和入射角为40°时，经过两个小时以上的抛光，硅（111）表面微观形貌在1μm×1μm的范围内从抛光前的5nm下降到0.4nm。

This one mode pays close attention to network credence foundation of the businessman very much.

这一模式非常关注商人的网络信用基础。

Cell morphology of bacterial ghost of Pasteurella multocida was observed by scanning electron microscopy and inactivation ratio was estimated by CFU analysi.

扫描电镜观察多杀性巴氏杆菌细菌幽灵和菌落形成单位评价遗传灭活率。