离子

Experimental principles, instruments and techniques of studies based on selectivity recognition of calix [4] arene derivative complexing with metal ions, especially to some transition metals were described.

阐述了杯[4]芳烃衍生物对金属离子特别是过渡金属离子选择性识别的实验方法和原理。

The results showed that the dewatered ionic liquid could still catalyze the alkylation, and the carbonium mechanism was established through the GC-MS analysis of the reaction liquid product.

结果表明，脱水后的离子液体仍然可以催化烷基化反应，液体产物的GC-MS分析结果支持正碳离子机理。

Because of attraction between water molecule and carbonium ion, the severe contract in system volume brings about activation volume effect (the most negative A〓 observed in this work is 407cm〓mol〓), which produces subtle relationship between reaction kinetics and pressure in a certain operating region.

反应过渡产物正碳离子及水合正碳离子与近临界状态水分子之间强烈相互吸引导致反应活化体积出现极负值现象（本实验所测极值为-407cm〓·mol〓，这使得水解动力学参数对反应压力存在敏感依赖关系。

Their adsorption rate on the molecular sieve catalysts surface and the stability of their carbonium ions were then obtained based on the molecular simulation on these molecules from their dipole moment, 2-dimensional electrostatic potential energy contours and 3-dimensional electrostatic potential energy isosurface.

采用半经验的AM1量子化学计算方法和静态理论，分别考察了噻吩、 3 甲基噻吩和 2 ，5 二甲基噻吩分子结构特性的不同，从偶极矩、各自垂直于芳香环平面的二维电势能分布曲线和整个分子周围三维电势能分布情况等方面分析了它们在分子筛催化剂表面吸附速度的快慢和生成正碳离子稳定性的高低，进一步比较了噻吩及其衍生物所生成的正碳离子进一步反应的能量变化，从而可判断噻吩及其衍生物裂化脱硫速度的快慢，噻吩及其衍生物裂化脱硫的速度由大到小分别为：2 ，5 二甲基噻吩、 3 甲基噻吩、噻吩。

Cotton and silk fabrics were dyed with natural carminic acid after the Iron ion pre-mordant treatment. The K/S values of the fabrics were characterized. The single factor process experiments were carried out for mordant concentration, temperature and time. The optimal process parameters were mordant concentration cotton: 1×10^(-3mol/L and 10 min at 90℃; silk: 1×10^(-3)mol/L and 10 min at 40℃.

将铁离子前媒染处理后的棉、丝织物采用天然染料胭脂虫酸进行染色，以染色织物的K/S值进行表征，对媒染剂浓度、温度、时间3个因素进行了单因素工艺实验，得到了铁离子前媒染棉、丝织物的最佳工艺参数（棉：1×10^(-3)mol/L， 90℃，10分钟；丝：1×10^(-3)mol/L， 40℃，10分钟）。

Investigation of the Iron Ion Pre- mordant Process in the Dying of Natural Dyes;2. Study on cotton fabrics ecological dyeing process with cork tree bark based on loess mordant ;3. Cotton fabrics were dyed with natural carminic acid after the Ti ion pre- mordant treatment.

将钛离子前媒处理后的棉织物，采用天然染料胭脂虫酸进行染色，以棉织物的K/S、H*值进行表征，对媒染剂浓度、温度、时间3个因素进行了单因素工艺实验，得到了钛离子前媒处理的最佳工艺参数(媒染剂浓度9×10-3 mol/L，50℃，40 min)。

But not all catalytically interesting transition elements form polynuclear cations appropriate for intercalation.

但并非所有具有催化活性的金属离子都能形成合适的聚合离子嵌入层间形成稳定的层柱材料。

An RF ion source suitable for low power operation over a range of pressures in air which comprises discharge electrode, a cathode and an anode, the cathode being connected to an rf signal supply through an associated coupling means and the anode adapted to provide a surface area over which a plasma discharge may occur no greater than substantially that of the cathodal area over which the discharge may occur.

在空气压力范围内适合低功率工作的射频离子源，该离子源包含放电电极，一个阴极和一个阳极，该阴极通过相关的连接装置连接到射频信号源，调节该阳极以提供等离子放电可能发生的表面区域，该区域不大于放电可能发生的阴极区域。

(1) In the sorption kinetics experiment, Cu2+ sorptions by Ceratophyllum demersum, Myriophyllum triphyllum and Hydrilla verticillata respectively, all reached balance within 35mins, all of the test results of sorption kinetics recommended the pseudo second-order equation and indicated that this kind of sorption was a complicated process of simultaneous actions of many reactions. The test results of thermodynamic sorption fitted with Langmuir model better than Freundlich model, and the maximum sorption quantites were 13.12, 20.12, 7.79mg/g, respectively,In the desorption test, the desorption rates of each plants were all below 1%, indicating strong sorption-holding action of these submersed mcrophytes on Cu2+.

通过上述研究，得到以下结论： 1、狐尾藻、金鱼藻、黑藻在对铜离子的吸附动力学实验中，均在35min内达到吸附平衡，分别用一级动力学方程和伪二级动力学方程拟合，结果均为用伪二级动力学方程拟合效果较好，表明该吸附为多种反应同时作用的复杂过程；在热力学实验中，三种植物的吸附曲线都能较好的用Langmuir曲线拟合，其拟合最大吸附量分别为13.12、20.12、7.79 mg/g；在解吸实验中，三种植物的解吸率都较低，说明对铜离子都有较好的吸持能力。

The chlorion sensitive field effect transistoris made by a core with two field effect transistors,one as Ref-ISFET by polyimide membrane as Ref-gate,another as Work-ISFETby silver chloride membrane as sensitive gate.

本文采用两个场效应管并联的芯片，在其中一个的栅区以聚酰亚胺膜作为参比膜，另一个的栅区以氯化银膜作为氯离子敏感膜，制成氯离子敏感场效应晶体管。

It has been put forward that there exists single Ball point and double Ball points on the symmetrical connecting-rod curves of equilateral mechanisms.

从鲍尔点的形成原理出发，分析对称连杆曲线上鲍尔点的产生条件，提出等边机构的对称连杆曲线上有单鲍尔点和双鲍尔点。

The factory affiliated to the Group primarily manufactures multiple-purpose pincers, baking kits, knives, scissors, kitchenware, gardening tools and beauty care kits as well as other hardware tools, the annual production value of which reaches US$ 30 million dollars.

集团所属工厂主要生产多用钳、烤具、刀具、剪刀、厨具、花园工具、美容套等五金产品，年生产总值3000万美元，产品价廉物美、选料上乘、质量保证，深受国内外客户的青睐