离子

Methods:(1) Fura-2 based calcium imaging technique was used to examinate the effects of leptin on the basal [Ca2+]i, and the modulation effects of leptin on KCl-evoked [Ca2+]i increase in long-term cultured hypothalamic neurons.

对四个培养时间段的下丘脑神经元分别进行以下实验：(1)采用荧光钙离子成像技术，研究瘦素对细胞内静息钙离子浓度的影响，及其对25 mM KCl引起的细胞内钙升高的调节作用。

Ground state absorption, excitation state absorption and energy transfer were used in discusing the up-conversion mechanism of the glasses were proposed.

讨论稀土离子的基态吸收、激发态吸收以及稀土离子之间能量传递的关系，建立了相关的上转换机制模型。

The study was supported by National Nature Science Foundation of China of ""Biological foundation study of electrical indexes assessing tree vigor"". The mechanism of tree's leaf and stem capacitance and the application of electrical indexes under environmental stresses were studied. The main conclusions are summarized as following:(1) The leaf capacitance had significant positive correlations with leaf exosmosis electro conductivity, exosmosis percentage and leaf absolute moisture content, had significant negative correlations with leaf electrolyte electro conductivity and had no correlations with leaf relative water content.

本研究在国家自然科学基金"林木健康状况评价的电指标生物学基础"的支持下，对树体叶片电容和树体干部电容的机理及外界胁迫因素作用对树体电指标的影响进行了初步研究，研究的主要结论包括：(1)树木叶片电容与单位质量叶片离子外渗液电导率、叶片细胞离子外渗百分率及叶片绝对含水率呈显著的正相关关系，与单位质量叶片总电导率呈显著的负相关关系，与叶片相对含水率的相关性不显著。

Lanthanides belong to the sixth cycle of the periodic table Ⅲ B family, are all solid metal, they are La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Pm, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, holmium, erbium, thulium, ytterbium, and lutetium were 15 kinds of metals and their periphery are two layers of electronic 5d16s2, while the peripheral third layer f orbital but never zero to 14, so the external electronic structure of 4f0-145d16s2, and therefore these elements in oxidation number are to 3, very close chemical properties, extraction, when it is difficult to separate them they are mostly multi-element mineral mix, more difficult to increase refining, and their atomic number of 57-71, one by one to increase the number of protons the nucleus, and thus extranuclear electron of gravity is also growing, so that atomic radius decreases with increasing atomic number Z, which makes lanthanides contraction, ionic radius is also reduced, which also makes Zr, Hf, Nb and Ta, Mo and W, the atom and ionic radius very close to each other they also determine a similar nature, resulting in difficult separation, also the tribe Ⅷ of the fifth cycle, ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, and the sixth cycle, osmium, iridium, platinum is very similar in nature, thus The six elements, said platinum group elements.

镧系元素属于周期表第六周期中ⅢB族，全部是固体金属，它们是镧、铈、镨、钕、钷、钐、铕、钆、铽、镝、钬、铒、铥、镱和镥共十五种金属元素，它们的外围两层的电子均是5d16s2，而外围第三层的f轨道电子却从零增加到14个，所以外围电子结构为4f0－145d16s2，而使这些元素氧化数均为＋3，化学性质极为接近，提炼时很难分开，它们的矿石又大多是多种元素混在一起的，更增加提纯难度，它们的原子序数为57－71，核内质子数逐个增加，因而对核外电子引力也不断增强，使原子半径随原子序数Z增加而减小，这就使镧系元素收缩、离子半径也缩小，这也使得Zr和Hf，Nb和Ta、Mo和W等原子和离子半径都很接近、也决定了它们彼此性质类似，以致难以分离、也使第Ⅷ族中第五周期的钌、铑、钯和第六周期的锇、铱、铂在性质上极为相似，因而称这六个元素为铂系元素。

It determines the safety, self-discharge, power capability, low temperature performance, faradic efficiency, and the irreversible capacity loss for the first charge cycle.

电极电解液界面性质决定了锂离子电池的安全性能、自放电、低温性能、库仑效率、循环性能和不可逆容量，对整个锂离子电池的性能都有重要的影响。

This special ordered nanoporous structure creates the fast electrochemical accessibility of the electrolyte and OH- ions not only to the surface of the electrode materials but also to the bulk of the CoOH2 phase,which is very helpful for making full use of the electroactive sites to take place the faradic reaction,providing an important morphological foundation for a high specific capacitance.

这种独特的有序纳米孔结构不仅提供了电解液和OH-离子快速进出电极表面的通道，而且可以使活性离子扩散到CoOH2的本体相，充分利用电极材料的电活性位发生氧化还原反应，为该材料高比电容的实现提供了重要的形貌基础。

The antiferromag-netic interaction between the Fe and Mn ions will be dominated if the amount of Feis increased.

继续加大替代量后(x＝0.10)，Fe离子和Mn离子之间的反铁磁交换耦合就显得更为突出一些。

ConclusionA highiron animal model can be established by intraperitoneal injection of iron dextran. The changes of various parameters result in damage to the organs, it is possible that the ferri ions were released through metabolism of iron dextran and freeion mediates lipid peroxidation to cause the damage.

给小鼠腹腔注射右旋糖酐铁，可以成功建立高铁动物模型，其各项指标有明显变化并对各脏器造成损害，其机制可能与右旋糖酐铁在体内代谢释放出铁离子，游离的铁离子介导脂质过氧化而造成的损害等有关。

ConclusionA highiron animal model can be established by intraperitoneal injection of iron dextran. The changes of various parameters result in damage to the organs, it is possible that the ferri ions were released through metabolism of iron dextran and freeion mediates lipid peroxidation to cause the damage.［KEY WORDS］IronDextran complex; Models, animal; Lipid peroxidation

给小鼠腹腔注射右旋糖酐铁，可以成功建立高铁动物模型，其各项指标有明显变化并对各脏器造成损害，其机制可能与右旋糖酐铁在体内代谢释放出铁离子，游离的铁离子介导脂质过氧化而造成的损害等有关。

The findings of a study on scanning electrochemical microscopy to investigate the interfacial ET reaction between 7, 7, 8, 8-tetracyanoquinodimethane radical anion in DCE and ferricyanide in ice under low temperatures is reported in this section.

通过选择合适的共同离子控制界面电位差，应用扫描电化学显微镜和微电极技术研究离子诱导的反向电子转移反应。

They weren't aggressive, but I yelled and threw a rock in their direction to get them off the trail and away from me, just in case.

他们没有侵略性，但我大喊，并在他们的方向扔石头让他们过的线索，远离我，以防万一。

In slot 2 in your bag put wrapping paper, quantity does not matter in this case.

在你的书包里槽2把包装纸、数量无关紧要。