离子

In situ comparison of surface slip deformations showed that the persistent slip bands emerging at the surface was delayed, and the surface deformation homogenized after implantation, an indication of ductility improvement.

各离子注入使试样表面的变形分布更均匀，推迟了PSB's在表面的出现，表明离子注入延长了试样的裂纹萌生寿命。而疲劳断口分析表明，各金属离子注入对裂纹的扩展过程无明显影响。

The calcium sulfate was dissolved and led to the rapid increase of calcium ion concentration in the solution. So the calcium sulfate is not suitable for being seed crystal of low-salt concentration. The quartz sand and calcium carbonate both can be used as seed crystals, but it is much faster and more complete to use calcium carbonate as seed crystal compared with using quartz sand.

当硫酸钙加入处理液中发生了硫酸钙溶解现象，导致溶液钙离子浓度迅速增加，故硫酸钙不适合做低浓度盐水的晶种，而石英砂和碳酸钙均能对钙离子的结晶起到效果，但碳酸钙做晶种对钙离子的结晶更快捷、更彻底，在条件允许的情况下，采用碳酸钙做晶种为宜。

If conditions allow, it is better to use calcium carbonate. Using calcium carbonate as seed crystal, adjusting pH values of solution by alkali, the process of the crystallization of calcium ion in reverse osmosis water under different pH values, seeds and their dosage, also different mixing speeds was examined.

用碳酸钙做晶种，通过加碱调节溶液pH值，考察了不同pH、不同晶种及其投加量、不同搅拌速度下钙离子的结晶过程，确定了pH值是影响钙离子结晶的主要因素，而搅拌速度、晶种及其投加量在一定程度上亦对钙离子结晶有影响。

It was found that heme-iron of myoglobin directly interacted with additional Cu, Zn and Co, these metal ions could drag iron ion out from heme prosthetic group of myoglobin, and subsequently myoglobin became myoglobin derivatives lacking iron ion.

结果发现，金属离子M与肌红蛋白活性中心的Fe发生了直接相互作用，外加金属离子将铁离子从肌红蛋白中&拖拽&出来，形成部分空位肌红蛋白衍生物。

According to that the middle long range develops a plan, will establish the heavy ion nuclear physics step by step rolling a cluster into a ball with hadron physics , atom and molecule physics , ion irradiation living things material, and the advanced ion accelerator wait for the distinct five characteristic countries laboratory (including that the ion beam administering cancer), resisting an irradiation with high-power electron accelerator; Be that China participates in the international antiproton and the ion studies the device Big Science project scientific and technological cooperation coordination unit; The significant country "the 9th Five-Year Plan" science project "Lanzhou heavy ion cooling being completed soon stores up the ring" general

按照中长期发展规划，将逐步建成重离子核物理与强子物理、原子与分子团簇物理、离子辐照生物、抗辐照材料、以及先进的离子加速器与大功率电子加速器等五个特色鲜明的国家实验室；是中国参与国际反质子与离子研究装置大科学工程科技合作的协调单位；即将竣工的国家&九五&重大科学工程&兰州重离子冷却储存环&将作为国家重要的公共研究平台对国内外开放。

It was observed that not only histidine, but also histidine-Co and histidine-Ni could induce and substitute some Cu and Zn from Cu_2Zn_2SOD, eventually influence the activity of this metalloenzyme. Histidine- metal ion complexes have stronger ability than histidine to displace the bound metal ion from SOD. In addition, the amount of foreign metal ion binding to the SOD was less than that of metal ion lost from SOD. It obviously means that there was apoenzyme in the solution.

实验结果表明： Cu2Zn2SOD酶不仅与组氨酸，而且还可以与组氨酸－CoⅡ）和组氨酸－Ni(Ⅱ相互作用，Cu2Zn2SOD酶中的部分Cu和Zn被诱导和置换出来，并相应地影响了酶的活性；组氨酸－金属离子配合物的作用比组氨酸强，酶活性降低也更明显；酶中结合的外来金属离子的量比从酶上被诱导和顶替下来的金属离子的量要少，说明在溶液中有脱辅基酶的存在。

Among 2 cations, K, Ca(superscript 2+) have a increasing at the absorption peak.

供试的2种金属离子，钾离子和钙离子在各吸收峰处都有上升的趋势。

It is used as a competitive inhibitor of certain enzymes that have metal ion cofactors, and as a source of iron, which it releases slowly into the solution.

通常用来作为某种带有金属离子的酶的竞争性抑制剂，由于它可以向溶液中缓慢释放铁离子， EDTA 还可作为铁离子的来源。

We note from the further studies that in the crystals, which sharing the similar crystal structures and coordinational environments, the magnitude of the Stokes shift of the luminescence of the dopant ion is in line with the average covalency of the replaced lattice site. This is because that the nature of Stokes shift is the energy transfer from the luminescent ion to the host lattice. The value of this energy is determined by the frequency of the host lattice in which the frequency is controlled by the chemical bond characters.

更深入的研究发现，在晶体结构和中心离子配位环境非常相似的系列晶体中，掺杂离子发射光的Stokes位移值与其所取代格位的平均共价性成正比的关系，这是由于Stokes位移的本质是发光离子在发光过程中向基质以光波辐射的形式传递能量，这一能量的大小是由基质的振动频率决定的，而基质的化学键性质恰恰决定着基质的振动频率。

Er concentration.2. With the analysis of the optical parameters calculated by Judd-Ofelt theory and the lifetime of ~4I_(13/2) of Er gotten in experiment, we investigated Y dopings dispertion effect and influence to the environment of Er .3. In the research of Er/Yb/Al co-doped laser glass, we fixed the Er:Yb at 1:6 and varied the Al concentration.

我们利用Judd-Ofelt理论，计算得到了Er/Y共掺玻璃的Judd-Ofelt强度系数、光谱质量因子、自发辐射弛豫率和能级寿命等光谱参数，并且给出了不同Y掺杂浓度下Er~(3 )离子的荧光量子效率；结合Er~(3 )离子~4I_(13/2)能级的荧光寿命，深入探讨了掺Y对高浓度Er~(3 )离子在硼硅酸盐玻璃中分布的弥散作用和对配位场环境的影响。

It has been put forward that there exists single Ball point and double Ball points on the symmetrical connecting-rod curves of equilateral mechanisms.

从鲍尔点的形成原理出发，分析对称连杆曲线上鲍尔点的产生条件，提出等边机构的对称连杆曲线上有单鲍尔点和双鲍尔点。

The factory affiliated to the Group primarily manufactures multiple-purpose pincers, baking kits, knives, scissors, kitchenware, gardening tools and beauty care kits as well as other hardware tools, the annual production value of which reaches US$ 30 million dollars.

集团所属工厂主要生产多用钳、烤具、刀具、剪刀、厨具、花园工具、美容套等五金产品，年生产总值3000万美元，产品价廉物美、选料上乘、质量保证，深受国内外客户的青睐