离子

052 Describes and claims a body of polycrystalline dielectric ceramic material having a lead zirconate--lead titanate--lead stannate composition falling within the area A B C E F of the triaxial diagram 1d of the drawings accompanying this specification and containing at least one substitutional additive ingredient selected from the group consisting of elements having respective ionic radii sufficiently close to the ionic radius of one of the elements lead, tin, titanium, zirconium and oxygen to permit of substitution, and a valence state differing from that of said one element by less than three units, the aggregate quantity of additive ingredient amounting to from 0.1 to 5 percent of the replaced ion on an atom basis, each additive ingredient present in said material being in ionic form and substituting for a finite percentage of the ions of a particular one of the elements lead, tin, titanium, zirconium and oxygen with respect to which it conforms with regard to ionic radius and valence state, said additive ingredient replacing a quantity of said elements having in the aggregate an equal number of valence units.

参考译文：第 1012052 号专利说明书介绍一种含有锆酸铅，钛酸铅，锡酸铅的多晶陶瓷介质材料，其组成在说明书附图 ld 三元相图中处于 A B C E F 区域内，该组成至少还含有一种置换添加物，这种添加物从一组离子半径分别接近于铅，锡，钛，锆，氧的元素中选出，以利于互相置换，而与上述一种元素化合价之差应小于三价。该添加物的总量为被置换离子的 0.1%~5%克原子。上述材料中的每种添加物是以离子形式存在的，它以一定的百分数置换铅，锡，钛，锆，氧中的某一元素的离子。添加物在离子半径和价数上必须类似于上述任一元素，并且置换添加物的量与被置换的元素在总体上具有相等的化合价数。本句由两个简单句构成，一个主句，另一个是定语从句。

The invention relates to an air ion static determination and an air ion static determinator, comprising air ionization collector, electric charge weigh, control circuit, computer and software system supporting measurement and data recording processing, wherein the electric charge weigh is used to isolate the air ionization collector and the computer acquisition circuit, the computer can monitor the electric quantity on the collector plate electrode.

本发明涉及一种空气离子静态测定法及空气离子静态测定仪，计算机控制的可以在线连续监测空气离子浓度的电路设计和测量方法。测试系统由空气离子采集器、电荷秤、控制电路、计算机及其支持测量和数据记录处理的软件系统构成。电荷秤通过电―光转换、光―电转换起到了把空气离子采集器与计算机采集电路隔离的作用，使采集器上的电荷不会通过采集电路放电，计算机可以监测采集器极板上的带电量。

The purity of SAM product was higher than 95％, and the overall recovery of SAM sulfate and SAM double salt of sulfate and p-tosylate were 60％ and 50％, respectively.

通过筛选，获得了对SAM有较好选择性离子交换能力、较易洗脱和再生的争光D113弱酸型阳离子树脂，研究了温度、pH等对SAM离子交换的影响，根据SAM在弱酸阳离子树脂D113上的等温交换平衡行为表现出较强的可逆性，考虑到交换基的弱电解质性质以及结合Donan膜平衡理论，建立了考虑pH影响的可逆离子交换平衡模型，该模型可以较好地描述SAM平衡浓度、pH对离子交换平衡的影响；通过对动态离子交换过程的研究，得到了SAM在D113树脂内的有效扩散系数的数量级为1.0E-9cm〓/s～1.0E-8cm〓/s。

With the increase of temperature, the time needed for the complexation reaction to reach its equilibrium is shorter, and the corresponding equilibrium concentration of PEI-Co complex is higher.

分别在钴离子或PEI中亚胺基过量的情况下，研究了PEI与钴离子络合的初始速率与亚胺基或钴离子浓度的关系，发现PEI与钴离子的络合反应对钴离子和PEI中亚胺基均是一级反应。

The differences in the solubility of β-cyclodextrin in the ionic liquids have been discussed from the interionic interaction between cation and anion of the ionic liquids and the inclusion interaction of the cations of the ionic liquids into the cavity of β-cyclodextrin.

结果表明，β-CD与离子液体的阳离子形成了1：1的包合物，并根据离子液体阴阳离子间的相互作用和β-CD与离子液体阳离子的包合作用，讨论了β-CD在不同离子液体中溶解度差异的原因。

Based on parameter free interionic potentials of the Gordon Kim modified electron gas formalism extended to molecular ions, the structure phase transitions in ionic molecular solids of the perovskites ABX 3 are discussed, which take the results of molecular dynamics simulations of KCaF 3 as an example.

基于无调节参数的Gordon－Kim势和一种检测离子运动的新技术，以KCaF3的分子动力学模拟结果为例，对钙钛矿ABX3的离子分子固体的结构相变作了探讨。包括对阱势、折叠结构、能垒、超离子态、稳定性骨架和离子分子集团BX6的"尺寸"和"形状"。以期对离子分子固体的结构相变有一个基本了解

For H_2~+ molecule, the basic theory model is the same as that for a single proton, but adding in the interactions of fragment ions, concluding Coulomb forces and wake-like interaction. Then the trajectories of each of the fragment ions can be simulated in order to further study the vicinage effect.

对于氢分子离子在碳纳米管中的库仑爆炸过程，基本理论模型与求解单个离子时所采用的相同，但是考虑了离子之间的相互作用力，包括库仑相互作用与尾流效应，计算出分子离子中每个离子的运动轨迹，从而对邻近效应进行分析。

The results show that, with the increase in ionic strength, the adsorbed amount of taurine on the resin D290, the distribution coefficient λ and the fraction of zwitterion Tau(superscript ±) all decrease, while the pH value of the solution at the equilibrium and the content of anionic taurine Tau(superscript -) increase. Moreover, it is found that, at a certain taurine concentration, the increase in ionic strength may improve the selectivity of the anion resin for taurine.

研究结果表明：(1)随着溶液离子强度的升高，阴离子树脂对牛磺酸的平衡交换吸附容量逐渐降低，牛磺酸在树脂上的分配系数λ逐渐下降；(2)随着溶液离子强度增大，达到平衡时液相的pH值升高，溶液中牛磺酸阴离子Tau含量迅速增加，而牛磺酸两性离子Tau含量迅速降低；(3)在一定的牛磺酸浓度范围内，溶液离子强度增大，有利于提高离子交换树脂对牛磺酸的选择性。

The crystal structures have been determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction.Cadmium atoms in compounds 1 and 2 show an eight-coordinated distorted square-antiprismatic geometry and a seven-coordinated distorted pentagonal bipyramidal geometryrespectively. Copper atoms in compounds 3 and 4 show a six-coordinated distorted threeprismatic geometry and a four-coordinated distorted tetrahedral geometry respectively.

所有配合物的晶体结构都通过单晶X-射线衍射确定：配合物1中的镉离子周围显示八配位的扭曲四方反棱柱构型；而配合物2中的镉离子周围显示七配位的扭曲五角双锥构型；配合物3中的铜离子周围显示六配位的扭曲三棱柱构型；配合物4中的铜离子周围显示四配位的扭曲四面体构型；配合物5中的锌离子周围显示六配位的扭曲八面体构型。

As an extension to the "973" Program of National Planning key basic research project -----the study of China lake nutrient over-enrichment process and the mechanism of blue alga outbreak, this paper introduces our experiments as below:(1) Experiment on heavy metal absorption and disorption abilities of Ceratophyllum demersum , Hydrilla verticillata and Myriophyllum triphyllum, in order to campare their absorption capability .

本文在前人的研究基础上，依托国家&973&国家重点基础研究规划项目&湖泊富营养化过程与蓝藻水华暴发机理&，开展了下列工作： 1、选取狐尾藻、金鱼藻、黑藻三种大型沉水植物作为研究对象，通过对重金属离子铜离子的吸附及解吸实验，比较其三种沉水植物之间吸附能力的大小； 2、选取狐尾藻、黑藻为研究对象，研究了重金属离子铜离子对沉水植物的胁迫作用及铜离子在植物体内的富集情况； 3、选取黑藻为研究对象，研究了沉水植物在富营养条件下不同浓度的氨态氮和硝态氮对沉水植物的生理生长的影响。

With Death guitarist Schuldiner adopting vocal duties, the band made a major impact on the scene.

随着死亡的吉他手Schuldiner接受主唱的职务，乐队在现实中树立了重要的影响。

But he could still end up breakfasting on Swiss-government issue muesli because all six are accused of nicking around 45 million pounds they should have paid to FIFA.

不过他最后仍有可能沦为瑞士政府&议事餐桌&上的一道早餐，因为这所有六个人都被指控把本应支付给国际足联的大约4500万英镑骗了个精光。