离位

More than half the elements are metals in which close-packed arrays of atoms are held together by delocalized electrons.

半数以上的元素是金属，在金属中原子依靠离位的电子紧密结合在一起。

My advancement can not be made without help coming from every friend of mine. Jus' improvement can not be reached without help coming from every craft brother.

我的成长离不开每一位朋友的关爱，"久斯"的成长也离不开每一位有志同仁的关注。

The main research work and its results are: 1Empirical results are analysed for the relations of fault displacement and earthquake magnitude, and difference between permanent ground deformation and maxium dynamic relative displacement on the two sides of fault; 2An analytic method is proposed for resopnse of a buried pipeline due to earthquake fault movement; 3A new shell model with an equivalent boundary and relted finite element analysis method are proposed for estimating response of a buried pipeline under large fault movement; 4By the proposed method, damage performance of water supply steel pipelines with large diameter is simulated to the real cases in Kocaeli Earthquake and Ji-Ji Earthquake, and simulating results show the real failure mode of pipes is revealed; 5Effects of overlying soil and soft/hard interlayers are analyzed on ground rupture mode and degree due to earthquake fault, and some earthquake rupture phenomena in soil layers are theoretically described for the first time; 6Pipeline response characters are discussed for the case of considering effects of soil layers on ground rupture mode; 7Research results and proposed method are applied in seismic analysis of pipline acrossing fault in the Gas Tansportation Project from West to East in China.

主要工作和成果包括：1）分析了不同断层位错形式下地表破裂位错量与震级之间的经验关系，并基于集集地震近断层记录分析了断层两侧永久地面变形和地震动相对位移幅值之间的差别，为合理地考虑地震断层位错地面变形动态影响提供了依据；2）发展了断层位错地面大变形下管线反应分析模型并给出物理概念明确、简单实用的解析分析方法；3）建立了断层位错下埋地管线反应分析的等效边界壳模型有限元方法，方法中引入了以非线性弹簧形式模拟离断层较远处管段影响的等效边界，简化了计算模型并突出了近断层处管体反应；4）利用等效边界壳模型方法，对土耳其地震和集集地震中大口径埋地管线震害进行了模拟，结果表明所提方法可以更清地解释震害所表现的管体破坏特征；5）研究了覆盖土层和软硬夹层的存在对断层位错地面破裂形式和程度的影响，首次从理论上解释了某些地震地表破裂现象；6）探讨了考虑土层对断层位错地面变形影响的管体反应特征；7）本项目成果已在西气东输工程的管道跨断层抗震问题分析中得到了应用。

Secondly,the phase separation mechanism,phase evolution and mechanical properties of toughener/BMI diphase system were investigated to prepare for toughening composite with Ex-situ technique.

其次，针对离位增韧中增韧剂与BMI树脂之间的相分离行为，研究了增韧剂与BMI树脂的反应诱导相分离机理、相形貌演化和力学性能。

Benzylidene[1,3-bis(2,6-dimethylphenyl)-4,5-dihydroimidazol-2-ylidene]dichloro(2-methylpyridine)ruthenium (62), benzylidene[1,3-bis(2,6-dimethylphenyl)-4,5-dihydroimidazol-2-ylidene] dichloro(2,4-dimethylpyridine)ruthen ium (63) introduce ortho substituted pyridine as dissociating ligand to weaken Ru-N bondand accelerate dissociation of pyridine derivative ligand through steric hindrance.

在钌卡宾配合物[1，3-二-(2，6-二甲苯基)-4，5-二氢咪唑基]-苯亚甲基-(2-甲基吡啶)-二氯合钌(62)，1，3-二-(2，6-二甲苯基)-4，5-二氢咪唑基1-苯亚甲基-(2，4-二甲基吡啶)-二氯合钌(63)中，邻位取代的吡啶作为解离配体，通过邻位基团的空间效应削弱钌-氮配位键，使配体更易解离，提高了催化剂的初活性。

When they are still closer, the ensemble properties dominate and the electrons "delocalize": they are no longer tightly bound within individual cavities but are more or less free to pass through the spaces within the framework of positive ions.

当它们间的距离更近时，群体集合属性更占主导地位，而且电子也出现&离位&现象：它们不再被束缚于单个的空穴之上，而是或多或少地可以在正离子的构架之间穿越。

If we want to achieves this aim, we need to reslove the connotation, content, function and characteristic of enterprise niche optimization, overall explanate the importantance of enterprise niche optimization, rational construct the strategic system of enterprise niche optimization.

这一目标的顺利实现既离不开对企业生态位优化的内涵、内容、职能和特点的系统解析，也离不开对企业生态位优化的重要性的全面阐释，更离不开对企业生态位优化策略体系的合理建构。

Excited media and political pundits are chomping at the bit to discuss the merits or the failures of President Obama's worldwide romp through Europe and Muslim countries.

激励媒体和政治学者是不离位在讨论案情或失败的总统奥巴马的全球欢蹦乱跳通过欧洲和穆斯林国家。

Fullerene: Any of a class of all-carbon molecules whose atoms are arranged in closed hollow shells.

半数以上的元素是金属，在金属中原子依靠离位的电子紧密结合在一起。

A new study idea that makes the occupant injury prevention research and CAD/CAE technology on an integrate mathematical model by means of feature theories and feature design technologies was brought, and it is maybe useful if we study automobile passive safety on a new view of point.The conclusions of this thesis included that what are the main factors of airbag-related injuries and the preventive measures, based on the research of the relationships between injury parameters, such as HIC, chest acceleration, neck force, neck moment, femur axial force etc, and impact speed, belt-use, occupant size (50th and 5th), sitting position and so on. The thesis evaluated whether the effectiveness of the airbag can be increased by making the airbag adaptive to the crash conditions, and points out that the size of the ventilation hole has the dominating influence on the performance of the airbag and is a key factor for intelligent airbag, multi-stage and lower-power inflator can cost effectively minimize the risk of injury to occupants from crashes. It is important for the researchers of intelligent airbag to keep the small size unbelted occupants in focus and it is necessary to study deeply the influence of airbag fold patterns and the extremity out-of-position situation. These topics are important in the study of occupant injury prevention and vehicle safety design.

论文研究得出产生气囊损伤的主要原因和防护措施；在研究汽车碰撞速度、安全带使用情况、乘员的体型5~(th和50~、乘员乘坐的位置等不同事故条件作用下，乘员的头部、颈部、胸部和腿部损伤参数变化规律的基础上，论文从能量因素出发，深入研究了安全气囊卸载能力、气体发生器产气能力和气囊折叠对乘员损伤参数的影响，指出起卸载作用的排气孔其截面积是智能型安全气囊最重要的控制参数之一，以及采用降能展开或二次充气气囊有助于提高汽车安全防护性等重要结论；论文在参数分析的基严内容提要2 础上得出的智能型安全气囊应以不佩戴安全带的5乘员作为主要防护目标进行研究、有必要深入研究气囊折叠形式和司机处于极端离位状况时对损伤参数的影响等结论，对深入进行汽车乘员碰撞损伤研究和汽车安全性设计都具有重要的理论和工程实际意义。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。