福克纳

William Faulkner -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- William Faulkner (1897-1962), simultaneously original and assimilative, is regarded as one of the leading American writers in the literary history of the United States, and has become the most frequently and intensely inter前一单元ted writer of modern American literature.

第6单元福克纳------------------------------------------------------福克纳(1897至1962年)，同时原来和同化，再度梯度为最顶级的美国作家在文学史的美国和H 作为最经常成群结队间成为前一单元现代美国文学作家泰德。

In the port I had bought a good supply of the least expensive cigarettes, made of black tobacco and a cheap paper that could have been used to wrap packages, and I began to smoke the way I did in those days, using the butt end of one cigarette to light the next, as I reread 'Light in August': at the time, William Faulkner was the most faithful of my tutelary demons.

在港口我买了足够的最便宜的烟，黑烟叶卷的烟，卷烟草的纸是廉价的包东西的纸，读福克纳的《八月之光》的时候，我开始像往常一样抽烟，用一枝烟屁股点燃下一枝。那时候，福克纳是我最忠诚的守护神。

It is the autonomous complex that leads the author to go beyond his limitations and to reflect a deeper collective unconsciousness. Faulkner"s novels and their respective themes are closely connected with the inferiority complex caused by American culture, the author"s physique and his living conditions. They are the results of his inferiority complex that accumulates into some kind of superiority complex. Because of the southern Americans special history and politics and his sufferings Faulkner is deeply absorbed in the southern wasteland and invented Yoknapatawpha County, making it a place where he can do whatever he wants to do to counteract the lack in his real life.

第二章从福克纳创作的心理动势出发，对作者的创作发生及其创作的心理轨迹进行跟踪，认为，福克纳的创作中有一种不为创作者的自觉意识所完全控制的直觉领悟的心理倾向，正是这种自主情结引导作者超越个人的局限，遨游于个人利害的范围之外，反映了超个人的、更为深邃的集体无意识，从而创作出了具有永恒艺术生命的作品；福克纳的小说创作及其相关主题的发生，在一定程度上与作者由于在文化、形体以及生活环境等方面的劣势而产生的难以排遣的自卑情结密不可分，是自卑情结积聚成优越情结，进而过分补偿的结果；同时，由于美国南方特殊的历史、政治及福克纳的生活遭际等原因，福克纳在几十年的创作生涯中，情系荒原，创造了约克纳帕塔法县这个精神王国，使之成为自己的精神浪游之地、欲望宣泄之乡和心灵托付之所。

Starting with the developments of the author\'s creation, the dissertation follows up the scent of the occurring of his novels and the\'track of his psychology of creation, holding the opinion that there exists an intuitive psychological tendency in Faulkner\'s creation which the author is not aware of. It is the autonomous complex that leads the author to go beyond his limitations and to reflect a deeper collective unconsciousness.Faulkner\'s novels and their respective themes are closely connected with the inferiority complex caused by American culture, the author\'s physique and his living conditions. They are the results of his inferiority complex that accumulates into some kind of superiority complex.Because of the southern American\'s special history and politics and his sufferings Faulkner is deeply absorbed in the southern wasteland and invented Yoknapatawpha County, making it a place where he can do whatever he wants to do to counteract the lack in his real life. He concerns himself not only in the description of the Southern spiritual wasteland, but also in mining the aesthetic meaning of the wasteland, both to him and to the human beings.

本文首先从作者创作的心理动势出发，对作者的创作发生及其创作的心理轨迹进行跟踪，认为，福克纳的创作中有一种不为创作者的自觉意识所完全控制的直觉领悟的心理倾向，正是这种自主情结引导作者超越个人的局限，遨游于个人利害的范围之外，反映了超个人的、更为深邃的集体无意识，从而创作出了具有永恒艺术生命的作品和崇高的美学景象；福克纳的小说创作及其相关主题的发生，在一定程度上与作者由于在文化、形体以及生活环境等方面的劣势而产生的难以排遣的自卑情结密不可分，是自卑情结积聚成优越情结，进而过分补偿的结果；同时，由于美国南方(来源：A6c8cBC论文网www.abclunwen.com)特殊的历史、政治及福克纳的生活遭际等原因，福克纳在几十年的创作生涯中，情系荒原，创造了约克纳帕塔法县这个精神王国，使之成为自己的精神浪游之地、欲望宣泄之乡和心灵托付之所，其创作动因在于既关注对南方人们精神荒原的描绘，也着眼于挖掘这个荒原世界对自己、对人生的美学意义所在。

Starting with the developments of the author"s creation, the dissertation follows up the scent of the occurring of his novels and the"track of his psychology of creation, holding the opinion that there exists an intuitive psychological tendency in Faulkner"s creation which the author is not aware of. It is the autonomous complex that leads the author to go beyond his limitations and to reflect a deeper collective unconsciousness.Faulkner"s novels and their respective themes are closely connected with the inferiority complex caused by American culture, the author"s physique and his living conditions. They are the results of his inferiority complex that accumulates into some kind of superiority complex.Because of the southern American"s special history and politics and his sufferings Faulkner is deeply absorbed in the southern wasteland and invented Yoknapatawpha County, making it a place where he can do whatever he wants to do to counteract the lack in his real life. He concerns himself not only in the description of the Southern spiritual wasteland, but also in mining the aesthetic meaning of the wasteland, both to him and to the human beings.

本文首先从作者创作的心理动势出发，对作者的创作发生及其创作的心理轨迹进行跟踪，认为，福克纳的创作中有一种不为创作者的自觉意识所完全控制的直觉领悟的心理倾向，正是这种自主情结引导作者超越个人的局限，遨游于个人利害的范围之外，反映了超个人的、更为深邃的集体无意识，从而创作出了具有永恒艺术生命的作品和崇高的美学景象；福克纳的小说创作及其相关主题的发生，在一定程度上与作者由于在文化、形体以及生活环境等方面的劣势而产生的难以排遣的自卑情结密不可分，是自卑情结积聚成优越情结，进而过分补偿的结果；同时，由于美国南方特殊的历史、政治及福克纳的生活遭际等原因，福克纳在几十年的创作生涯中，情系荒原，创造了约克纳帕塔法县这个精神王国，使之成为自己的精神浪游之地、欲望宣泄之乡和心灵托付之所，其创作动因在于既关注对南方人们精神荒原的描绘，也着眼于挖掘这个荒原世界对自己、对人生的美学意义所在。

This dissertation, based on social psychology, literature psychology, and depth psychology, and combined with aesthetics of psychology, literature humanics, focuses on explaining the causes of the creation of William Faulkner's fiction, its implied meaning and its inner mechanism in the sense of psychology, on discussing the mode of creation in the sense of aesthetics and on opening out the secret of his highly successful creation, so that a new point of view can be adopted to better understand Faulkner and his fiction.

本文从社会心理学、文学心理学和精神分析学入手，结合心理美学、文学人类学和文艺发生学，对福克纳小说创作的发生、其隐含形式和内在机制进行心理上的跟踪，对其创作模式进行美学上的探讨，对其作品取得巨大成功的堂奥进行文化上的揭示，从而为更好地理解福克纳、更准确地解读其文本提供一个新的视角和参照。

This dissertation, based on social psychology, literature psychology, and depth psychology, and combined with aesthetics of psychology, literature humanics, focuses on explaining the causes of the creation of William Faulkners fiction, its implied meaning and its inner mechanism in the sense of psychology, on discussing the mode of creation in the sense of aesthetics and on opening out the secret of his highly successful creation, so that a new point of view can be adopted to better understand Faulkner and his fiction.

本文从社会心理学、文学心理学和精神分析学入手，结合心理美学、文学人类学和文艺发生学，对福克纳小说创作的发生、其隐含形式和内在机制进行心理上的跟踪，对其创作模式进行美学上的探讨，对其作品取得巨大成功的堂奥进行文化上的揭示，从而为更好地理解福克纳、更准确地解读其文本提供一个新的视角和参照。

As one of Faulkner's favorite poets, John Keats' Ode on the Grecian Urn has a great influence on him.

福克纳最喜欢的诗人之一，其《希腊古瓮颂》对福克纳产生了重要影响。

Finally, in Chapter Five, by taking the history and culture of the South into account, the thesis points out the relationship between the women in the literary world of Faulkner and the myth of the South and the myth of Southern ladyhood. It makes it clear how Faulkner acquired the power to represent women in the bond of social and cultural forces and how he exerts his own power as a writer to write the historical progress of the South.

第五章结语部分在南方特定的历史与文化的背景下揭示了了福克纳文本中南方女性形象与南方神话、南方淑女神话的关系，总结了福克纳作为小说家如何从历史话语与文学话语中汲取力量，积极参与南方的历史进程，参与对二十世纪初叶南方现实的构塑。

From the point of view of the history and culture, with the Foucault's analysis of power relations and Lacan's psychoanalysis as the theory basis, this study begins with Faulkner's representation of female characters in the novel The Sound and the Fury (in this masterpiece, Faulkner concentrates on the expression of the repression on the female from the myth of the ladyhood and the serious result of it.) under scrutiny to decipher how the Southern women have been subjected to contending historical, social, and cultural forces to maintain the man-dominated society as the tool to serve the South and meet its political needs.

本文拟从历史与文化批评的角度出发，运用福柯的权利与话语理论、拉康的后结构主义精神分析等批评方法，通过重点分析福克纳的代表作《喧哗与骚动》(在这部杰作中，福克纳比较集中地描写了南方淑女神话对女性的压抑及由此造成的严重后果)中的南方女性形象，旨在揭示所谓南方淑女神话，只不过是服务于南方的活道具，是南方同北方进行政治斗争的产物，而南方的男权社会则借此"良机"，运用传统、宗教、道德、舆论等手段，压抑南方女性的声音，抹杀女性的主体身份，从而达到巩固男性主导社会性别秩序的目的。

I didn't watch TV last night, because it .

昨晚我没有看电视，因为电视机坏了。

Since this year, in a lot of villages of Beijing, TV of elevator liquid crystal was removed.

今年以来，在北京的很多小区里，电梯液晶电视被撤了下来。