神经鞘的

OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of astragalus on the proliferation of OECs and the secretion of neurotrophic factors.

目的：观察黄芪注射液对嗅鞘细胞增殖及其分泌神经营养因子的影响。

METHODS AND FINDINGS: A boy with ataxia telangiectasia was treated with intracerebellar and intrathecal injection of human fetal neural stem cells.

方法和结果：一名患运动失调性毛细血管扩张症的男孩接受了小脑内和鞘内人胚胎神经干细胞注射治疗。

Objective To observe the effect of intrathecal injection of ketamine and clonidine for chronic constriction injury in rats.

目的：观察鞘内注射氯胺酮及可乐定对慢性神经病理性疼痛的镇痛效应。

Recently, it is proved that SP is also involved in pain modulation, acupuncture analgesia and immunoin- hibition. However, the role of CGRP in them is unclear Therefore, the dy- namic changes of CGRP-, SP-like immunoreactivity and expression ofα- CGRP,β-CGRP mRNAs in dorsal root ganglion and spinal cord in the arthritic rats were observed by using immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization techniques combined with behavioral tests, respectively. Subsequently, the effects of this peoptide on the develoment of polyarthritis were investigated by intrthecal injections of CGRP and its antagonist in the rats. In addtion, GAL is a novel neuropeptide which coexists with CGRP and SP, but it may play a different role in the primary sensory system. Thus, we also observed the changes of GAL and GAL mRNA in DRG neurons and the spinal cord. The results were as follows

为此本文拟在大鼠佐剂性关节炎模型上，结合行为学测定、用免疫组织化学、原位核酸分子杂交技术观察脊髓背角及DRG中CGRP、SP、α-CGRP mRNA、β-CGRPmRNA的动态变化及电针的影响，此外，用鞘内和外周注射CGRP的工具药探讨了CGRP在佐剂性关节炎发生发展中的可能作用；甘丙肽（Galanin，GAL）也是新近发现的一个神经肽，并与CGRP和SP共存于DRG及初级传入末梢中，在神经损伤模型中脊髓CGRP、SP减少，GAL则明显增加，显示GAL与CGRP和SP的作用可能不同，因此在佐剂性关节炎模型上也同时观察了GAL和GAL mRNA的变化，实验结果如下

During the relatively refractory period a neuron may be stimulated to fire, given increased stimulation. Neurons are capable of representing differences in input only through rate of response. Myelinted fibers conduct the wave of depolarization more rapidly than demyelinated fibers, primarily due to saltatory conduction.

在相对反抝期一条神经可能会被刺激过度，特定增加的刺激，神经单位是足以表现在输入的差异性，仅透过反应的比率，有髓的纤维引导去极波比脱髓鞘纤维更加快速，主要是由於跳跃性的传导。

Being a lipid second messenger, sphingomyelin lysis product-ceramide play an important role in inducing and preventing apoptosis.

近年来的研究表明细胞凋亡与鞘脂质代谢有密切的关系，鞘磷脂的水解产物神经酰胺作为脂质第二信使在诱导和抑制细胞凋亡中起着重要的作用。

Five patterns of perineural invasion were observed and 3 nerve plexuses in the hepatoduodenal ligament and Glisson sheath were found.

肿瘤浸润神经有5种方式，肝十二指肠韧带与一、二级肝管所在的Glisson鞘内分布的神经丛主要有3丛。

Result: Schwann-like cells disperse in the hole of nerve graft at oneweek under Scanning Electronic Microscope, the processes of thesatellite-like cells adhere to the wall of graft.There was no statisticaldifference of activity of cells in both group(P＞0.05) using MTT. At 12weeks,the result of appearance, histology and TEM were similar, therewere no statistical difference in SFI%, NEP and quantitative analysis ofrecovery rate of myelinated fiber populations, diameter of myelinatedfiber and thickness of myelin sheat.

结果：1w后扫描电镜下可见接种的类Schwann细胞分散在材料表面的孔隙内，细胞形态为星状，细胞突起与支架管壁粘附；MTT法测定细胞活性示神经支架组在各时间点与对照组无显著性差异P＞0.05；12w时两组动物坐骨神经外观、组织学光镜观察、透射电镜观察结果相似、两组坐骨神经功能指数恢复率、神经电生理、再生有髓神经纤维计数恢复率、神经纤维直径恢复率、髓鞘厚度恢复率等指标相比无显著性差异(P＞0.05)。

Results A high voltage caused extensive injury in rats sciatic nerve, myelin sheath collapse heavily; the damage of low voltage was fairly light.

结果 在相同的致伤条件下，高电压能造成神经的广泛损伤，髓鞘大量崩解；低电压对神经的损伤较轻。

The biological adhesive a-gent from human plasma was composed of fibrino-gen coagulase and medullary sheath of the nervetaken at the anasomosis region were studied histol-gically.

从组织学观察发现，粘合法修复的神经，其神经外膜较完整，肉芽肿形成轻，髓鞘退变较少。与缝合法修复之间有显著性差异。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。