神经营养的

objectiveto summarize the clinical effect of repairing soft tissue defects in lower part of shank, the foot, with antidromic island flap providing blood supply by suralis nerver.methodsfrom january to december 2006,there were 10 cases repairing soft tissue defects with antidromic island flap providing blood supply by suralis nerver, including 9 males and 1 females.

目的：初步总结腓肠神经营养血管逆行岛状皮瓣在修复小腿中下段及足部创面的临床效果。方法：2006年1月～12月，我科采用腓肠神经营养血管逆行岛状皮瓣共10例，皮瓣最大面积为18cm×13cm，最小为4.5cm×10cm；其中男9例，女1例。

Brain-derived neurotrophic factor is the most abundant neurotrophin in many parts of brain, such as pallium, hippocampus and so on.

脑源性神经营养因子(brain-derived neurotrophic factor，BDNF)作为脑组织中含量最丰富的神经营养因子，在中枢神经系统内合成并广泛存在于脑组织，包括大脑皮层、海马、基底前脑、纹状体、下丘脑和小脑，其中以海马和皮层中含量最高。

Among the involving factors, neurotrophic factors in the microenvironment adjoining to perikaryon and neurites play crucial roles in maintaining survival, promoting orientional regrowth of axons and re-expression of functional phenotype of neurons.

近年来大量神经生物学研究表明：在影响损伤后神经修复或再生的诸多因素中，神经元胞体及轴突周围微环境产生的一些神经营养因子发挥着维持受损神经元生存、促进神经再生、恢复神经功能表型等重要作用。

Part 1: Permeability of Exogenetic BDNF through placental barrier of pregnant rats and blood-brain barrier of fetus with transient uteroplacental ischemiaObjective To investigate the potential of BDNF to penetrate the placental barrier and get into the fetus and pass through the blood-brain barrier of fetus to play neuroprotective function in the condition of transient ischemia.

第一部分：外源性脑源性神经营养因子在宫内缺氧环境中对胎盘及胚鼠血脑屏障通透性的实验研究目的：探讨外源性脑源性神经营养因子在宫内缺氧环境下能否通过胎盘屏障进入胎鼠体内，再通过胎鼠血脑屏障进入胎鼠脑组织而发挥其生物功能。

In the second part, we investigate the neurotrophy mechanism of qingkailing effective composition antagonizing ischemic injury, and comprehensively analyze the experimental results and come to the conclusions as follows: 1. Qingkailing effective composition can promote the activation of astrocyts during the early period after ischemia.

第二部分采用线栓法大鼠MCAO模型，围绕神经营养因子，从不同家族、同一家族的不同成员、同一成员的因子及其受体三个层次，探讨了清开灵有效组分抗局灶性脑缺血损伤的神经营养机制及效应特征。

Part 4: Brain-derived neurotropic factor genetically modified olfactory ensheathing cells of the neonatal rat Objective To culture the olfactory ensheathing cells from the neonatal rat and modify them genetically by human Brain-derived neurotropic factor to increase the formation of neurophic factors. Methods The OECs were dissociated from the neonatal rat olfactory bulbs and purified with time-speed difference stick.

第四部分：脑源性神经营养因子基因转染新生大鼠嗅鞘细胞目的为提高嗅鞘细胞(Olfactory ensheathing cells，OECs)分泌脑源性神经营养因子(BDNF，Brain-derived neurotropic factor)的能力，探讨将外源性BDNF基因转染入OECs，为今后采用BDNF基因修饰的OECs移植治疗SCI奠定基础。

There is plenty of polyphyly anastomosis of sural nerve's nutrient vessels and there will be better for offering the flood through the sural nerve's nutrient vessels design retrograde skin flap.

腓肠神经营养血管有多源性、吻合丰富的特点，以腓肠神经营养血管设计逆行皮瓣，血供较好，修复足部软组织缺损能获得较好效果。

There is plenty of polyphyly anastomosis of sural nerve's nutrient vessels and there will be better for offering the flood through the sural nerve's nutrient vessels design retrograde skin flap. We can get a better result through the way of repairing the lack of foot soft tissue.

腓肠神经营养血管有源性、吻合丰富的特点，以腓肠神经营养血管设计逆行皮瓣，血供较好，修复足部软组织缺损能获得较好效果。

Gelatin microsphere is firstly made by encapsulating bFGF into gelatin by special manufacture process, then this microsphere was combinated into PLGA conduit or PLGA film.when used, we need only pack the injury peripheral nerve, injury spinal cord, wounded pars encephalic with the PLGA conduit. The conduit or film can slowly release buff which would be absorbed by around tissues.bFGF was already proved to be nutritious to the regeneration and alive of neuron and protect injury neuron.bFGF can also promote morphogenesia and division of nerve cell which would raise the survival rate of neuron, guide the generation of axon etc.bFGF is one of the important factors of sustaining the normal survival of cholinergic nerve.

使用时，只需将此材料贴敷外周损伤神经伤患处，脊髓伤口，或在脑部开颅手术后填充于术后创面，可有效地在伤口局部缓慢地释放并由机体组织吸收bFGF等神经营养因子。bFGF等已被证明具有神经营养作用，可促进神经元的再生与存活，保护受损的神经元。bFGF等对神经细胞兼有促进形态发生与分裂作用，具有提高神经元的成活率、诱导轴突向外生长等功能，是维持前脑基底部胆碱能神经元正常生存的重要因素。

Methods 12 patients with soft tissues defects around the foot of the diabetes were repaired by musculocutaneous,neurocutaneous axial island flaps transfer which included 4 cases of femoral forelateral flap,1 case of latissimus dorsi muscular flap,1 case of tensor fascia lata musculocutaneous flap,3 case of island flaps based on the sural nerve,1 case of island flaps based on the peroneus superficialis nerve and 2 cases of medial crural faee flap.

目的 探讨皮瓣移植修复糖尿病足组织缺损的临床效果方法采用股外侧皮瓣4例，背阔肌皮瓣1例，阔筋膜张肌皮瓣1例游离移植，腓肠神经营养血管蒂岛状皮瓣逆行转位3例，腓浅神经营养血管蒂岛状皮瓣逆行转位1例，小腿内侧皮瓣2例逆行移植修复糖尿病足组织缺损创面12例。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。