神经萎缩的

Furthermore, abnormal morphology, shrinkage and reduced density of dendritic spines and defects in LTP were observed in brains of the patients suffering from mental retardation and neurodegenerative diseases; many mutant genes found from these patients encode component proteins of signal transduction for neuronal plasticity. These studies on synaptic plasticity would certainly promote making the effective prevention and treatment procedures for mental and neurodegenerative diseases.

此外，在精神迟滞性疾病和神经退行性疾病患者脑内记录到异常的LTP，并发现神经元的树突棘数量减少，形态上产生畸变或萎缩，同时发现，产生突变的基因大多编码调节突触可塑性的信号通路蛋白，故突触可塑性研究也将促进精神和神经疾病的预防和治疗。

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of leukaemia inhibitory factor on the activation and differentiation of ENSCs in the brainstem of transgenic mice with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.

目的：探讨白血病抑制因子对肌萎缩侧索硬化转基因小鼠脑干内源性神经干细胞的激活及分化方向的影响。

AIM: To explore the diagnostic value of computed tomography in optic atrophy.

目的：探讨CT对视神经萎缩的诊断价值。

However, the effect of denervation on the changes of titin and nebulin is unclear.

然而，截断神经引发肌肉萎缩的效应对肌肉内titin与nebulin的影响仍不清楚。

Alzheimer disease: A primary degenerative cerebral disease of unknown etiology with characteristic neuropathologcal and neurochemical features, including cortical atrophy with neurofibrillary tangles and neuritic argentophilic plaques, and a marked reduction on the enzyme choline acetyltransferase, in acetylcholine itself, and in other neurotransmitters and neuromodulators.

阿尔茨海默病：一种病因未明的原发退行性大脑疾病，具有特征性的神经病理和神经生化改变，包括伴有神经原纤维缠结和神经炎性嗜银斑的皮层萎缩，胆碱乙酰转移酶、乙酰胆碱本身、以及其它神经递质和神经调质的明显减少。

RESULTS: The mild traction group showed angulus anterior individual neuron slightly engorged, neuron and nerve fiber morphous was normal essentially; individual substantia alba demyelinates in fragmentis; medullary sheath and auxiliary fibers of nerve root were hydropsia slightly without conspicuous myelinolysis. The moderate traction group demonstrated myelinolysis change in the spinal cord, and neurofibras lined up chaos, auxiliary fibers disaggregated, neuron dropsy, tigroid body disappeared with karyopycnosis and anachromasis in neurons; nerve root showed myelinolysis. The severe traction group displayed a great demyelination region; anterior motor neurons with karyopycnosis and anachromasis; myelinated nerve fiber of nerve root shrinked, decreased in number, with severe demyelination changes.

结果：轻度牵拉组牵拉侧前角个别神经元稍肿胀，神经元及神经纤维形态基本上正常，个别白质小片状脱髓鞘样改变，神经根髓鞘和轴索轻度水肿，脱髓鞘不明显；中度牵拉组白质有脱髓鞘改变，神经纤维排列紊乱，轴索崩解、断裂；灰质神经元水肿明显加重，前角运动神经原细胞尼氏体消失，核固缩、深染，神经根髓鞘和轴索水肿，局部轻度脱髓鞘改变；重度牵拉组牵拉侧白质为不规则的大片脱髓鞘区，前角运动神经元胞体固缩、变形、核深染，神经根有髓神经纤维萎缩、数目减少，重度脱髓鞘改变。

Samples were taken from the gastrocnemius and all the indexes were tested in 2, 4, 6 weeks of operative intervals respectively.

用切断SD大鼠右侧胫神经的方法建立失神经支配骨骼肌萎缩的动物模型。

Methods: We have made out the animal model whose trigeminus nerve and facialis nerve were severed. We compared the pathologic change of facial paralysis under different nerve injury by SDS-PQGE、histiocytic chemical methods and electronic microscope.

我们分别完成了单纯面神经切断和三叉神经、面神经同时切断两组动物模型，通过组织化学、电镜以及蛋白电泳分析等方法分析了面部肌肉在上述两种不向神经损伤方式下肌萎缩的病理改变。

Overall these studies demonstrate that the assessment of regional atrophy can be a useful addition to routine neuropathological examination.

所有这些研究均表明，对局灶性萎缩的评估可作为痴呆的常规神经病理学检查以外的一个辅助方法。

The results indicated that:(1) 4 d or 6 d after denervation, increase of endocyto--sis and proliferation of satellite cells in denervated muscle were induced.(2) Actino--mycin D inhibited activation of satellite cells and endocytosis in normal muscle.

结果表明：(1)去神经4d或6d的肌肉可引起胞纳的增加和卫星细胞的增殖；(2)放线菌素D抑制正常肌肉的卫星细胞激活和胞纳作用；(3)在去神经的肌肉中，放线菌素D抑制了卫星细胞增殖的同时还抑制了胞纳的增加，但不能阻止去神经肌肉的萎缩。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。