神经萎缩

Patients of short disease course and slight symptoms can select acceptable local blockade.It is necessary for patients with severe symptoms and medicine failure to use small knife releasing or operation releasing in direct vision,especially for those with myoatrophy.

病程短、症状轻的患者应首选患者易接受的局部封闭治疗；症状严重且保守治疗无效者，采取小针刀松解或手术直视下神经松解，尤其是伴有肌萎缩者手术直视下松解更有必要。

These results show that the damage to visual function is earlier than the change in the thickness of the retinal neurepithelium in the macular region in 40 early non-exudative eyes.

这说明，年龄相关性萎缩型黄斑变性患者视功能改变早于视网膜神经上皮层的厚度改变，对于早期患者可优先选择电生理检查。

Overall these studies demonstrate that the assessment of regional atrophy can be a useful addition to routine neuropathological examination.

所有这些研究均表明，对局灶性萎缩的评估可作为痴呆的常规神经病理学检查以外的一个辅助方法。

The gum atrophies to still cause the tooth dew outside the root, the surface of tooth root doesn't have tooth enamel quality, not only be easily worn away while brushing teeth once there being no the protection of guming, in the meantime to cold, hot and sour incitement very sensitive, the mouth cavity medical science is called "tooth essence allergy", people often mistaken for this kind of phenomenon to peep out tooth nerve to cause ache, and this is incorrect.

牙龈萎缩还导致牙根外露，牙根的表面没有牙釉质，一旦没有了牙龈的保护，不仅容易在刷牙时受到磨损，同时对冷、热、酸的刺激非常敏感，口腔医学称为&牙本质过敏&，人们常把这种现象误认为是露出牙神经导致疼痛，这是不对的。

Thus, from the psychological point of view, we can divide the psychoneuroses into two main groups the one comprising collective people with underdeveloped individuality, the other individualists with atrophied collective adaptation.

因而从心理的角度，我们可以把神经官能症分为两大类：个体性发育不足的集体人、以及集体适应性已萎缩退化的个人主义者。

RESULTS: In the verapamil group, the fibroblast were round or oval, and there were tiny cell process, less alpha substance, atrophic and decreased rough endoplasmic reticulum in kytoplasm and abundant vesica. In control group, there were fusiform or polygon fibroblast, and much matrix among cells, abundant rough endoplasmic reticulum and ribosome in cytoplasm and less vesica were found.

结果：维拉帕米组神经瘢痕成纤维细胞呈球形或椭圆形，细胞突起细小，胞间网状物质少，胞浆中粗面内质网萎缩且数量减少，囊泡丰富；对照组成纤维细胞呈梭形或多角形，细胞间基质较多，细胞浆内粗面内质网及核糖体丰富，囊泡少见。

Histologically, the seminiferous tubules contained numerous Sertoli cells and more Sertoli-spermatozoa complexes, accompanied by the depletion of Leydig cells with deeply stained nuclei. Mature spermatozoa were stored up in the epididymis, but only a few in the efferent ducts. In the second place was testicular atrophy（32/120; 26.7%）. The seminiferous tubules showed moderate to severe inactivity of spermiogenesis with evidence of only spermatogonia, spermatocytes and Sertoli cells. The Leydig cells were obviously decreased in numbers associated with decrease of lipid droplets in their cytoplasms. Testicular hypoplasia was the third disorders（22/120; 18.3%）. Only a few spermatogonia and Sertoli cells appeared without any spermiogenesis. The associated changes was decreased in Leydig cells and fibrous hyperplasia in the interstitium.Epididymal stones were sometimes found（12/120; 10%）. Grossly, yellowish-white nodules with various sizes and firm in consistency were observed in the epididymis and the front efferent ducts. Microscopically, the epididymal ducts were dilated with voluminous spermatozoa storage, even showed calcification in severe cases. The deposited calcium salts were stained positively by Von Kossa and Alizarin red methods.Amyloidosis was also detected in 10 roosters（8.3%）. Eosinophilic, homogeneous, amyloid-like substances were deposited mainly in the testicular interstitium and the periphery of blood vessels. These substances showed positive reaction by Congo red staining. Five roosters（4.2%）had Marek's lesions in the testis, epididymis and peripheral nerves with infiltration of pleomorphic lymphocytes. Only one case showed epithelial necrosis of seminiferous tubules accompanied by fibrous proliferation in the interstitium.

结果发现，在总共搜集的120个病例中，其中因年老所导致的产精力不佳为最多，占38例（31.7%），於镜下可见大量精虫黏附於Sertoli cell的表面，并可见Sertoli cell数量明显增多而Leydig cell明显减少，且其细胞核呈现浓染的现象，而在其副睪中仍可见到成熟精虫蓄留於管腔中，但在其输精管内却只有少量精虫存在；其次为睪丸萎缩，占32例（26.7%），镜下可见中度至重度无造精作用，其生精小管中只见到精母细胞、精原细胞及Sertoli cell存在，但Leydig cell数量明显减少且其细胞质内的脂质也明显减少；睪丸发育不全，占22例（18.3%），於生精小管内只见到精母细胞及少量Sertoli cell存在，不见造精细胞分化，於生精小管间质可见Leydig cell减少并伴随结缔组织增生；副睪结石，占12例（10%），肉眼下可在副睪及输精管前段见到黄白色大小不一的结节，触感坚硬，於镜下可见副睪管扩张并有大量成熟精虫蓄积，严重时可见钙化现象，以Von Kossa及茜素红染色均呈阳性反应；类淀粉沉著症，占10例（8.3%），镜下在睪丸间质及血管周围可见粉红均质样的物质沉积，以刚果红染色成阳性反应；马立克病，占5例（4.2%），镜下可在睪丸、副睪实质及周边神经内均可见到嗜碱性大小不一的淋巴样细胞浸润；睪丸坏死，占1例（0.8%），镜下可见生精小管上皮细胞坏死脱落及间质结缔组织增生。

Thus, he was admitted on June 23, 2002 for comprehensive rehabilitation. Physical examination revealed muscle power in the upper limbs, as grade 4, bilateral hand grasp as grade 3, lower limbs as grade 4, and atrophy of the intrinsic muscles of both hands. Deep tendon reflex was absent in the bilateral legs.

入院后身体检查发现上肢肌力为4分，但两手握力为3分，手部小肌肉明显萎缩，下肢肌力为4分，深部肌腱反射上肢皆为1+，下肢皆敲不出，四肢末端感觉都缺损，为典型的多发性神经病变。

We report a 19 year-old female patient presenting with juvenile-onset diabetes mellitus, bilateral optic atrophy, high frequency hearing impairment, and gaze evoked nystagmus, but without diabetes insipidus, urinary tract abnormality or other obvious signs of neurodegeneration.

本文报告一位十九岁女孩并有幼年型胰岛素依赖型糖尿病，视神经萎缩，听觉障碍及眼震颤；但并未有尿崩症，尿道异常及其他明显的退化性神经病变。

We have no common name for a mime of Sophron or Xenarchus and a Socratic Conversation; and we should still be without one even if the imitation in the two instances were in trimeters or elegiacs or some other kind of verse--though it is the way with people to tack on 'poet' to the name of a metre, and talk of elegiac-poets and epic-poets, thinking that they call them poets not by reason of the imitative nature of their work, but indiscriminately by reason of the metre they write in.

索夫农 、森那库斯和苏格拉底式的对话采用的模仿没有一个公共的名称；三音步诗、挽歌体或其他类型的诗的模仿也没有——人们把&诗人&这一名词和格律名称结合到一起，称之为挽歌体诗人或者史诗诗人，他们被称为诗人，似乎只是因为遵守格律写作，而非他们作品的模仿本质。

The relationship between communicative competence and grammar teaching should be that of the ends and the means.

交际能力和语法的关系应该是目标与途径的关系。