神经突

The role of ASIC channel in dendritic development in hippocampai neuron Regulated growth and arborization of dendritic processes are critical to the formation of functional neuronal networks.However,the role of ASICs in dendritic development is still elusive.

酸敏感离子通道在海马神经元树突发育中的作用树突的生长和分支对功能性神经网络的形成非常重要，然而有关ASICs在树突发育中的作用则鲜有报道。

The neurohypophysis shown here resembles neural tissue, with glial cells, nerve fibers, nerve endings, and intra-axonal neurosecretory granules.

神经垂体类似神经组织，有神经胶质细胞、神经纤维、神经末梢及轴突内的神经内分泌颗粒。

Acetylcholinesterase in the nervous system of insects is one of the most important enzymes, in the central and peripheral nervous system and the acetylcholine receptor involved nerve-nerve and nerve-muscle synaptic transmission between the action potential, and its main function is catalyzed hydrolysis cationic neurotransmitter acetylcholine. At present, in the natural products active material, the AChE ester moves the spot inhibitor physostigmine was studied clearly.

乙酰胆碱酯酶(Acetylcholinesterase，AChE)是昆虫神经系统中最重要的酶系之一，在中枢及外周神经系统中与乙酰胆碱受体一起参与完成神经-神经及神经-肌肉突触之间动作电位的传递，其主要生理功能是催化水解阳离子性神经递质乙酰胆碱。

In the progress that presynaptic neuron was excited,which caused postsynaptic potential changing by the release of neurotransmitters,and then electrical signal was transferred,the function and form of synapses could change.

在突触前神经元兴奋，通过神经递质的释放，引起突触后电位的变化，从而完成电信号的传递过程中，突触本身的功能和形态都可能发生改变。

The effective stimulating sites were indentified by defensive cardiovascular response and other components of defence reaction evoked by 3 s trains of rectangular cathodal pulses (100Hz, 0.5ms pulse duration, 70 -150μA intensity for dPAG and 150-250μA for PF) delivered from a programmed multichannel constant current stimulator. The responses included an increase in blood pressure and heart rate, pupillodilation and an increase in the rate and depth of respiration. Currents of 1Hz, intensity of 100- 150μA for dPAG and 200-250μA for PF were used to observe the effect of the stimulation of them on RVLM neurones. The deep peroneal nerve and superfacial deep peroneal nerve were carefully separated, and put on a pair of stimulating electrode respectively, Both nerves were stimulated with constant rectangular pulses of 1Hz, 0.5ms duration and 300μA current intensity to see their effects on RVLM neurones. The baro-and chemo-receptors were activated by the intravenous injection of phenylephrine or 0.208 M NaH2PO4. The degree of convergent inputs to individual RVLM neurone was studied by the stimulation of the sites mentioned above. It was found that neurones about 61.4%(27/44) and 35.3%(6/17) received convergent inputs from three and four places respectively.

过去的研究主要集中于整体水平，利用电刺激或化学刺激RVLM神经元，观察对血压、心率及交感活动的影响，并对影响心血管交感活动的神经递质进行了广泛探讨，积累了大量资料；在神经元水平，主要研究刺激脑内核团、外周神经、化学感受器及压力感受器等对RVLM神经元放电的影响和某些神经递质影响神经元活动的机制、然而，对RVLM神经元如何整合不同信息、其可能突触机制等研究得较少，本互作拟采用在体细胞内、细胞外记录电活动与微电泳，结合中枢核团及外周神经电刺激等方法，对RVLM神经元在不同状态下的整合作用规律与可能机制进行初步探讨，为进一步了解这一复杂的整合过程提供新的理论依据。

The stage of neural development during which axons and dendrites grow and establish synaptic contacts.

轴突和树突成长与建立突触连接的神经发展阶段。

We found that 1 mutant EG4 cells showed typical characteristics of pluripotent stem cells which had no obvious difference with wild cells; 2 When induced by 10〓 M retinoic acid , mutant EG4 cells differentiated into adipocytes with high frequency compared with mutant cells, suggested that EGFR plays a role in adipocyte differentiation; 3 when injected into nude mice, mutant teratocarcinomas contained a large amount of connective tissues as well as skeletal muscle, while wild EG4 cells produced frequently cartilage, keratinocyte and neuroepithelium.

我们建立了稳定表达胞内区功能缺失的外源EGFR cDNA片段的EG4细胞，分析其生长分化特性，发现 1）突变型细胞可在未分化状态下维持长时间的增殖，表明EGFR对EG多能干细胞表型无明显影响；2）〓 M的维甲酸A(retinoid acid A，RA)诱导后，大部分对照组细胞分化为脂肪细胞，而突变型细胞分化为脂肪细胞的比例明显较少，表明EGFR在脂肪细胞的发育分化中具有一定的调节作用；3）畸胎瘤切片分析显示，突变型瘤组织分布有大量的未分化细胞和结缔组织，分化细胞以肌肉细胞为主；对照组瘤组织含丰富的角质上皮、软骨、神经管等依赖EGFR的分化组织。

The density of dendritic spines—tiny, thornlike projections that provide more surface area for the reception of nerve signals—increased in this region as the female's levels of estrogen rose.

由美国洛克斐勒大学的伍列及麦克尤恩所完成的一些精采研究，显示雌鼠在动情周期中，海马的 CA1区会出现消长变化：当雌鼠体内雌性素含量上升时，该区神经元树突棘的密度也随之增加；树突棘是树突上头的微小针状突起，可增加接收神经讯息的表面积。

The transmission is conducted in the form of action potentials along the axon of DRG neuron to the presynaptic membrane in spinal dorsal horn. Action potential depolarizes the presynaptic membrane and activates the voltage-dependent Ca〓 channel. The influx of Ca〓 then triggers the release of neurotransmitter.

外界感觉信息以动作电位的形式沿DRG细胞轴突由外周传向DRG细胞在脊髓背角的突触前膜，导致细胞膜去极化，引起电压依赖性〓通道的开放，〓内流介导突触前膜神经递质的释放，从而完成感觉信息由外周向脊髓的传递。

OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of nerve growth factor on the growth and differentiation of in vitro cultured NSCs, and on the formation and growth of axons.

目的：观察神经生长因子对体外培养的神经干细胞生长和分化的影响，以及神经生长因子对神经轴突形成和生长的作用。

But we don't care about Battlegrounds.

但我们并不在乎沙场中的显露。

Ah! don't mention it, the butcher's shop is a horror.

啊！不用提了。提到肉，真是糟透了。