神经突

The somatic motor axons can be regenerated into the parasympathetic endoneurial tubes of autonomic nerve.Using the survived somatic reflex under the horizon of spinal cord injury to reconstruct the bladder autonomic reflex arc by intradural microanastomosis of ventral root is practical in the canine model and may have a potential of clinical application.

体神经的运动传出支通过轴突再生能够长入自主神经的副交感性纤维，并具有良好的传导运动兴奋的功能；利用截瘫平面以下健存的体反射，通过硬膜囊内神经根吻合的方法，可建立人工膀胱反射弧，实现患者的控制性排尿。

Nodes of Ranvier; saltatory conduction; Schwann cells; oligodendrocytes; myelin basic protein; demyelination; remyelination; myelinopathy; myelinogenesis; myelin-associated protein; myelin sheaths; demyelinating neuropathy; myelin proteolytic protein; chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy; multiple sclerosis; MS

郎飞氏结；跳跃传导；施旺细胞；少突神经胶质细胞；髓鞘碱性蛋白脱髓鞘；髓鞘再生；髓鞘质病；髓鞘形成；髓磷脂-关联的蛋白质；髓鞘；脱髓鞘神经病；髓磷脂溶解蛋白的蛋白质；慢性炎症性脱髓鞘多神经根神经病；多发性脑硬化；MS

Objective To detect the expression of β-NGF, p75NTR and hair follicle stem cell specific markers in vibrissa hair follicle of rat embryo. Methods Using frozen section and immunohistochemistry to detect the expression of β-NGF and p75NTR.

目的 研究胚胎大鼠触须毛囊隆突区β-神经生长因子、p75神经营养因子受体(p75NTR)与毛囊干细胞特异标志物的表达规律。

The brain tissue of the different fetal age rat could be cultured into neural stem cells with the most number of cells for 12.5 dags embryo, which furthermore differentiated into neurons and glial cells.

胎龄为12.5天胎鼠大脑皮质培养出的神经干细胞数量最多，可分化为神经元、神经胶质细胞及少突胶质细胞。

It was achieved by intradural microanastomosis of the L6 ventral root to S2 ventral root. After axonal regeneration, the "patellar ligament-spinal cord center-bladder" reflex pathway was reestablished. The function of the reflex arc was observed by nerve electrophysiological experiment, detrusor electromyography experiment, urodynamic testing and HRP retrograde tracing before and in 8 months after the spinal cord was destroyed horizontally between S1 and S4 level. There was one case of conical SCI patient who had L1 fracture and paraplegia was received intradural microanastomosis of the L6 ventral root to S2 ventral root after Li fracture and paraplegia.

将Beagle犬L6前根近端与S2前根远端在硬膜内显微吻合，经一段时间的轴突再生后，建立&膝腱－脊髓中枢－膀胱&人工反射弧，术后8个月，在破坏S1~S4脊髓节段前后分别进行神经电生理、膀胱肌电图及尿流动力学和辣根过氧化物酶逆行示踪等检查；对1例L1压缩性骨折伴截瘫患者行右侧T11与52前根经腓肠神经移植硬膜内吻合术。

RESULTS The degenerative changes of nerve ending in Meissner's corpuscles were observed after 1 month of denervation, and the basic structure of the corpuscles had no obvious changes. After 3 months, the axons of corpuscles were disappeared, and the volume of corpuscles was shrunk. The basic structure of nerves was disappeared, and the lemmocyte and neurolemma plate were changed after 5 months.

结果 失神经1个月时触觉小体内的神经末梢已有溃变，触觉小体的基本结构无明显改变；3个月时轴突消失，触觉小体的体积开始萎缩；5个月时神经结构消失，膜细胞及其膜板亦开始改变；8个月时触觉小体内胶原纤维含量逐渐增多；12个月时触觉小体内膜结构与膜间基质完全消失，被胶原纤维代替。

Results we found positive labeling for both anp and nos in different types of cells including the spiral modiolar artery, stria vascularis, spiral limbus, spiral ligaments, basilar membrane, organ of corti, spiral ganglion, and macula sacculi. however, no immunoactivity was found in the reissner membrane and tectorial membrane.

结果 在耳蜗各转螺旋动脉和血管纹，螺旋缘、螺旋韧带和corti器显示双阳性染色，螺旋神经节细胞及囊斑神经上皮细胞膜及轴突nos阳性染色，胞质anp阳性染色；盖膜、前庭膜阴性染色。

S100β is one kind of the calcium binding proteins. As growth factor of neuraxon, it is excreted by neuroglial cell, and distributing in nerve tissue extensively.

S100β是一类钙离子结合蛋白，是轴突的生长因子，由神经系统胶质细胞分泌，广泛分布于神经组织中，在正常情况下发挥重要的生理作用，但分泌过高具有神经毒性。

The obtained composite scaffold materials must have great biocompatibility, which could influence neuraxon regeneration and structure. An evaluation of permeability in varying molecules was a key factor to determine input of nutritive materials and output of metabolic waste.

不论用哪些材料，所制成的复合支架都要具有生物相容性，这在宏观和微观上都影响神经轴突再生的能力和结构；对不同大小分子的渗透性是评估营养物质进入支架和代谢废物排出的关键性能；要清楚支架在脊髓水环境中的膨胀程度，使其保持在合适的位置而不压迫再生的神经。

The obtained composite scaffold materials must have great biocompatibility, which could influence neuraxon regeneration and structure. An evaluation of permeability in varying molecules was a key factor to determine input of nutritive materials and output of metabolic waste. Expansion of scaffold should be understood under spinal cord water environment, because the expansion might press regenerated nerve.

不论用哪些材料，所制成的复合支架都要具有生物相容性，这在宏观和微观上都影响神经轴突再生的能力和结构；对不同大小分子的渗透性是评估营养物质进入支架和代谢废物排出的关键性能；要清楚支架在脊髓水环境中的膨胀程度，使其保持在合适的位置而不压迫再生的神经。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。