神经突

Toosendanin (〓, FW 574, TSN), a triterpenoid derivative, is an active ingredient extracted from the bark of Melia toosendan Seib et Zucc which is used in Chinese traditional medicine as an anthelmintic vermifuge against ascarids. It was demonstrated to be a selective presynaptic blocker in neuromuscular junction and central synapses.

从驱蛔中药楝属植物根皮中提取的三萜化合物川楝素（toosendanin，〓，FW 574，TSN），是一种选择性影响神经递质释放，阻遏神经肌肉和中枢突触传递。。。

The latency and amplitude of F-VEP following ONI with ONID and without ONID were compared and analyzed to estimate the feasibility of ONID and to choose the most appropriate cases andoptimal operation timing.2. H.E. or Luxol Fast Blue staining, and transmission electron microscopy were used to observe the configuration and structure of optic nerve, retinal ganglion cells and chiasma opticum.

通过光镜、电镜和荧光显微镜对ONID后视神经轴突及其胞体——视网膜神经节细胞(retinal 第四军医大学硕士学位论文 ganglion cen，RGC)的观察，反映视通路上各部位的形态、结构及数量的变化，进一步验证切开减压对视神经不完全损伤的保护作用。

METHODS Retinal cells were cultured in commixture and retinal ganglion cells in pu-rification,to observe the state of ganglion cells and its axon.RESULTS Retinal ganglion cells that cultured in commix-ture grew very well.

进行猪视网膜细胞混合体外培养和神经节细胞的纯化培养，观察神经节细胞生长状态及轴突生长情况，研究视网膜不同类型神经细胞之间的相互作用。

METHODS Retinal cells were cultured in commixture and retinal ganglion cells in purification, to observe the state of ganglion cells and its axon. RESULTS Retinal ganglion cells that cultured in commixture grew very well.

方法进行猪视网膜细胞混合体外培养和神经节细胞的纯化培养，观察神经节细胞生长状态及轴突生长情况，研究视网膜不同类型神经细胞之间的相互作用。

2DRG co-cultured with sciatic nerve undergoing Wallerian degeneration for 14days in vivo in serum free DMEM/F12,1sciatic nerve segment was added into co-culture system at the first moment,the axons were strong and straight and could adhered to each other,and the number of axons dramatically reduced compared with that of DRG cultured alone in serum free medium.2DRG cultured in serum free DMEM/F12for 4days,then the sciatic nerve segment was added into the culture system for 3days,the axons became straight and part of them adhered to each other.

分别在无血清和有血清的条件下将新生鼠的背根神经节和体内变性14天的大鼠坐骨神经段进行联合培养作为实验组，并以在相应条件下单独培养的DRG的轴突的生长情况作为对照组来观察比较轴突的生长情况。

Human hair keratin ; spinal cord injury ; rat ; tissue engineering ; tissue-engineered spinal cord ; connector ; morphology ; praxiology ; neuron ; axis-cylinder ; nerve fiber ; myelin sheath ; astrocyte ; oligodendrocyte ; microglia ; ependymal cell ; neural stem cells ; macrophage ; multinuclear giant cell ; lysosomal enzyme ; ubiquitin system ; suppression subtractive hybridization ; gene express ; CytohromeoxidaseⅢ; amino acid transporter system A2（Ata2）; Peroxiredoxins 5（prd 5）; cysteine proteinase inhibitor cystatin c

国家自然科学基金；广东省自然科学基金人发角蛋白；脊髓损伤；大鼠；组织工程学；组织工程化脊髓；桥接物；形态学；行为学；神经元；轴突；神经纤维；髓鞘；星形胶质细胞；少突胶质细胞；小胶质细胞；室管膜细胞；神经干细胞；巨噬细胞；多核巨细胞；溶酶体酶；泛素肽酶系；抑制消减杂交；基因表达；细胞色素氧化酶Ⅲ；氨基酸转运蛋白系统A2；抗过氧化物蛋白5；半胱氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂

Results During the committed differentiation, the expression of calmodulin was distributed in and around the cell nucleus.

结果在神经干细胞定向分化为神经元的过程中，钙调蛋白于细胞核及核周呈阳性表达，随分化神经元的生长细胞核阳性表达逐渐减弱而胞浆增强，同时可见阳性反应物伸入树突及轴突。

Any of the long, thin, microscopic fibrils that run through the body of a neuron and extend into the axon and dendrites.

神经微纤维一个神经元中的长而细的微小纤维，它还伸入轴突和树突注意，注意力集中

The results showed that the muscle weight of botulinum toxin injection side decreased. The craniofacial morphology of the botulinum toxin injection side were smaller in distances of zygomatic arch to mandibular lower border and ramus height than that of the normal saline injection side.

结果发现实验组大白鼠施打肉毒杆菌神经毒素侧其咬肌重量较施打生理食盐水侧及对照组小，其颅颜骨型态在颧骨弓至下颚骨缘距离，冠状突切迹最前端至下颚骨角状突最下点距离，均小於生理食盐水侧距离，有统计上之差异。

It can be used in studying the calcium dynamics, in addition it\'s applicable for real-time, less damage and long-playing observation. It might be important to study calcium of spine with stimulations of neurotransmitter and action potential.

结果表明，利用Cameleon 的FRET 比值变化来定量监测树突棘钙动力学的方法是切实可行的，并可以进行实时、无损、长时间的监测，为研究神经递质、动作电位等刺激对树突棘内钙信号影响提供一种重要研究手段。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。