神经瘤

There were 36 males and 40 females,with the average age of 47.7 years.36 patients presented with sciatica and perineal numbness,11 patients had painless mass and the other 20 were identified due to other causes.Among 67 benign neurogenic tumors,54 were originated from S1-S3 nerves,3 from S4-S5 nerves and 11 from the presacral space without caudal involvement.Giant cell tumor was found in 60 patients,which included 24 males and 36 females,with an average age of 32 years.Upper sacrum（S1-S2） was involved firstly.There were 56 patients（average,37.7 years） diagnosed as other primary benign bone tumors,which included 24 cases of teratomas,epidermoid cyst or dermoid cyst.Other malignant tumors,including chondrosarcoma （17）,Ewing′s sarcoma/PNET（14）,multiple myeloma（12）,lymphoma（6） and osteosarcoma（6） were found in 64 patients.

其中脊索瘤95例，男62例，女33例，平均年龄55.7岁，骶尾区疼痛是主要症状（82例），半数以上患者伴有坐骨神经痛，肿瘤多先累及低位骶骨（S3~S5）；神经源性肿瘤76例，男36例，女40例，平均年龄47.7岁，神经纤维瘤43例，神经鞘瘤24例，恶性神经鞘瘤9例，主诉多为坐骨神经痛、会阴部麻木（36例）和无痛性包块（11例），20例患者为查体或其他原因检查时发现，67例骶骨良性神经源性肿瘤起源于S3以上神经者54例，起源于S3以下神经者3例，发生于骶前未累及骶管者10例；骨巨细胞瘤60例，男24例，女36例，平均年龄32岁，腰骶尾部不适（37例）、坐骨神经痛（21例）是主要的临床表现，肿瘤多先累及上位骶骨（S1~S2）；骶骨其他原发良性肿瘤及瘤样病变56例，包括畸胎瘤、皮样囊肿、表皮样囊肿共24例；其他原发恶性肿瘤64例，包括软骨肉瘤17例，尤文肉瘤14例，多发性骨髓瘤12例，成骨肉瘤6例等。

Results; MRI showed such components as fat,fibre,and liquid in teratoma,and large vessels in fibrolipomatous angioma;lytic bone destruction in giant cell tumor...

结果：畸胎瘤含脂肪、纤维和液体等成分；纤维脂肪血管瘤含有粗大血管；骨巨细胞瘤呈溶骨性破坏，1例在T2WI有液-液平面；神经源性肿瘤通过骶孔与骶管内病变相连，神经节母细胞瘤和神经外胚层瘤破坏骶孔；9例脊索瘤在T2WI有条状低信号纤维结构和高信号粘液基质；未分化癌和淋巴瘤T1WI呈略低信号，T2WI呈略高和较高信号；19例转移瘤有多处骨骼破坏，5例只有骶椎侵犯。

At histopathologic analysis, neuronal tumors are usually classified as pure neuronal cell tumors (gangliocytoma, Lhermitte-Duclos disease , central neurocytoma) and mixed neuronal-glial tumors (ganglioglioma, desmoplastic infantile ganglioglioma, dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumor, ganglioneuroma).

根据组织病理学的分析，神经元肿瘤通常被分为：单纯的神经元细胞肿瘤（神经节细胞瘤，Lhermitte-Duclos 病〔发育不良性小脑神经节细胞〕瘤），中枢神经细胞瘤）和混合性的神经元-胶质肿瘤（神经节神经胶质瘤，成结缔组织性婴儿节细胞胶质瘤，胚胎发育不良性神经上皮瘤，神经节瘤）。

About 48%(90/194) were below 29 years of age. Ninety-nine of 194 cases had either radiotherapy alone or supplementary treatment with radiotherapy following surgery. We analyzed multiple prognostic factors. The factors of importance included postoperative radiotherapy; female in glioblastoma multiforme; the primary tumor dose above 5000 rads and/or whole brain irradiation in malignant astrocytoma and glioblastoma multiforme; the primary tumor dose above 4500 rads in ependymoma, medulloblastoma and oligodendroglioma; and spinal axis irradiation above 2000 rads in ependymoma and medulloblastoma that produced a better prognosis than in other groups.

男与女之比例为2.7比1，年龄分布自1至81岁，平均年龄33.3±19.3岁，中值年龄为34岁，29岁以下占48%(90/194)，其中99例单独或手术后辅以放射腺治疗，分析同种脑瘤的预后因素，其中多形神经胶母细胞瘤有手术后放射线治疗或女性，多形神经胶母细胞瘤合并星细胞瘤原发肿瘤剂量5000雷得以上或曾全颅腔照射，神经管胚细胞瘤，间胶质母细胞瘤，及室管膜瘤原发肿瘤剂量4500雷得以上，室管膜瘤及神经管胚细胞瘤有脊轴照射2000雷得以上预后均佳，且统计上有显著的差异。

But as he grew, the condition became so aggressive and severe that he developed a rare large tumor called a plexiform neurofibroma, visible from the back of his shoulder and collarbone.

这种病。当他长大后，病情变得发展更快，更严重，并形成一个罕见的名叫丛状纤维神经瘤

More than forty percent of growths in the brain are gliomas.

在大脑里有超过40%的增生是神经瘤。

It usually affects younger people, who may also get other types of neuromas.

它通常会影响年轻的人，谁也可能获得其他类型的神经瘤。

Acoustic neuromas usually grow slowly over a period of years and when large may press on normal brain tissue.

听觉神经瘤通常在几年时间里发展的较慢，然后在脑正常组织会大量出现。

However small acoustic neuromas, not causing any symptoms, can be found in up to nearly 3 per cent of elderly people.

然而小的并不引起任何症状的神经瘤，占上了年纪的人群3%。

The high heel concentrates the force on the heel and the forefoot," Dr. Gastwirth said. Heels contribute to hammertoes, neuromas (pinched nerves near the ball of the foot), bunions and "pump bump (a painful bump on the back of the heel), as well as toenail problems.

Gastwirth博士说，&高跟鞋会把力量集中在脚跟以及前脚掌上，&高跟鞋可能会导致槌状趾，神经瘤，以及&pump bump&（一种在后脚跟处的痛苦的肿块），当然同样会造成脚趾甲的问题。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。