神经瘤

Spinal schwannomas may occur at any level of the spinal axis and are most commonly intradural.

脊髓神经鞘瘤的发病位置可位于脊髓的任何节段，并且最常见于硬膜内。

Objective To explore the clinical characteristics and the treatment of intramedullary spinal neurinoma.

目的 探讨脊髓髓内神经鞘瘤临床特点及手术治疗方法，以求提高疗效。

Objective:To investigate the diagnosis and management strategy of primary spinal intraosseous malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor.

目的：探讨脊柱原发恶性外周神经鞘膜瘤（malignant peripheral nerve sheat tumor，MPNST）的诊断和治疗方法。

Chapters on symptom management, the molecular genetics and neuropathology of intracranial tumors, the leptomeningeal dissemination of systemic cancer, the epidemiology of brain tumors, and innovative treatment strategies round out the volume.

关于症状管理的章， intracranial 瘤的分子遗传学和神经病理学，系统的癌症的leptomeningeal 传播，大脑瘤的流行病学，和革新的治疗策略圆满体积。 DsyHealth Medicine medicine 健康医学医药

When MR imaging shows thickening and enhancement of the pituitary stalk and associated leptomeningeal disease as in this case, sarcoidosis is a very strong possibility, along with meningitis, particularly fungal.

结节病为一种不明原因的炎性病变，可以影像多个系统，包括中枢神经系统，女性多见，大于10：1，黑人比白人更多见，15%病人累及中枢神经系统，5%有神经症状，脑神经功能障碍和尿崩症是最常见的神经系统结节病的临床表现，MR改变包括脑膜增厚及强化，孤立性肿块或多发性小，散在的脑膜或实质病变，此例病例中MR图像出现增厚强化的垂体蒂伴有软脑膜病变，强烈提示结节病，伴随脑膜炎尤其是真菌性，通常T2表现为低信号，虽然这些也能够在霉菌病/淋巴瘤/脑膜瘤中看到。

2B8a was weakly reactive to neutrophils (23.72%) and negative for T cells, NK, DC, RBC and Plt. The antibody reacted to all 3 marrow CD34+ cells with an average positive rate of 39.33% while it was negative for G-CSF-mobilized CD34+ peripheral blood stem/progenitor cells (PBSC, 1.25%). Cell line analysis showed that the antibody notably reacted to three out of 4 cell lines (Raji, SMS-SB, Nalm-6 and Nall-1) with the positive rates of 98.78%, 98.61%, 94.93% respectively and weakly to one of them with 5.68% in B lineage cell lines and monoblastic cell line (U937, 67.78%) while it was only weakly positive or negative for other myeloid leukemia cell lines including Meg01 (33.40%), HL-60 (29.70%),K562 (28.19%), KG1a (16.23 %) and HEL92.1.7 (8.02%). Among 4 T lineage leukemia,5 neuroblastoma and 1 colon cancer cell lines tested, only Molt-3 was found weakly positive (31.40%) for 2B8a, while the remaining 3 T cell lines (Molt4, JM and CCRF-CEM), 5 neuroblastoma cell lines (LA-N1, KCNR, BE, SK-N-SH, SK-N-AS) and the colon cancer cell line (HR8348) tested were negative.

结果表明： 2B8a抗原在外周血B细胞上表达（3/3例，平均阳性细胞数为26.29 ％），而在T淋巴细胞和NK细胞上不表达（0/3例）；在粒细胞和单核细胞上阳性表达均为2/3例，平均阳性细胞数分别是23.72 ％和59.84 ％；在DC细胞、红细胞和血小板上均不表达（0/3例）。2B8a抗原在骨髓CD34＋细胞上的阳性表达是3/3例，平均阳性细胞数39.33 ％，而在G-CSF动员的外周血CD34+细胞上的阳性表达仅1/3例，平均阳性细胞数为1.25 ％。2B8a抗原在B系细胞系Raji、SMS-SB、Nalm-6和Nall-1上的平均阳性细胞数分别为98.78 ％、98.61 ％、94.93 ％和5.68 ％；在T系细胞系Molt-3上的平均阳性细胞数为31.40 ％，而在Molt-4、JM和CCRF-CEM 细胞上不表达；在髓系细胞系U937、Meg-01、HL-60、K562、KG1a和HEL92.1.7上的平均阳性细胞数分别为67.78 ％、33.40 ％、29.70 ％、28.19 ％、16.23 ％和8.02 ％；在神经母细胞瘤细胞系SK-N-SH、KCNR、BE、LAN-1和SK-N-AS细胞以及结肠癌细胞系HR8348细胞上均不表达，而在羊膜细胞系FL细胞上呈一定的阳性表达，平均阳性细胞数为45.03％。

Cell line analysis showed that the antibody notably reacted to three out of 4 cell lines (Raji, SMS-SB, Nalm-6 and Nall-1) with the positive rates of 98.78%, 98.61%, 94.93% respectively and weakly to one of them with 5.68% in B lineage cell lines and monoblastic cell line (U937, 67.78%) while it was only weakly positive or negative for other myeloid leukemia cell lines including Meg01 (33.40%), HL-60 (29.70%),K562 (28.19%), KG1a (16.23 %) and HEL92.1.7 (8.02%). Among 4 T lineage leukemia,5 neuroblastoma and 1 colon cancer cell lines tested, only Molt-3 was found weakly positive (31.40%) for 2B8a, while the remaining 3 T cell lines (Molt4, JM and CCRF-CEM), 5 neuroblastoma cell lines (LA-N1, KCNR, BE, SK-N-SH, SK-N-AS) and the colon cancer cell line (HR8348) tested were negative.

结果表明： 2B8a抗原在外周血B细胞上表达（3/3例，平均阳性细胞数为26.29 ％），而在T淋巴细胞和NK细胞上不表达（0/3例）；在粒细胞和单核细胞上阳性表达均为2/3例，平均阳性细胞数分别是23.72 ％和59.84 ％；在DC细胞、红细胞和血小板上均不表达（0/3例）。2B8a抗原在骨髓CD34＋细胞上的阳性表达是3/3例，平均阳性细胞数39.33 ％，而在G-CSF动员的外周血CD34 细胞上的阳性表达仅1/3例，平均阳性细胞数为1.25 ％。2B8a抗原在B系细胞系Raji、SMS-SB、Nalm-6和Nall-1上的平均阳性细胞数分别为98.78 ％、98.61 ％、94.93 ％和5.68 ％；在T系细胞系Molt-3上的平均阳性细胞数为31.40 ％，而在Molt-4、JM和CCRF-CEM 细胞上不表达；在髓系细胞系U937、Meg-01、HL-60、K562、KG1a和HEL92.1.7上的平均阳性细胞数分别为67.78 ％、33.40 ％、29.70 ％、28.19 ％、16.23 ％和8.02 ％；在神经母细胞瘤细胞系SK-N-SH、KCNR、BE、LAN-1和SK-N-AS细胞以及结肠癌细胞系HR8348细胞上均不表达，而在羊膜细胞系FL细胞上呈一定的阳性表达，平均阳性细胞数为45.03％。

Schwannomas are typically benign, slow growing tumors that arise from the schwann cells, which envelop and myelinate cranial, spinal, and peripheral nerves.

神经鞘瘤是典型的良性、缓慢生长的肿瘤，起源于许旺细胞，包绕并形成颅内、脊髓以及周围神经髓鞘。

EMG may neurogenic or myopathic changcs. 3 patients had a improved clinic presentation after the parathyroid surgery.

肌电图和肌活检结果可表现为肌源性或神经源性。3例患者采用手术治疗，切除甲状旁腺腺瘤后肌无力症状有所改善。

In patients with carcinoma of lung with brain metastasis, the NAA/Cho was significantly higher than the glioblastoma.

在肺癌颅内转移的病患，其NAA/Cho明显的较多形神经胶母细胞瘤为高。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。