神经瘤

According to pathological examinations, 6 of 18 cases were with meningiomas, 6 with metastatic tumors, 4 with inflammatory granuloma, 1 with cavernous angioma, and 1 with glioma.

本组18例病理结果：脑膜瘤6例，转移瘤6例，炎性肉芽肿4例，海绵状血管瘤1例，胶质瘤1例。术后神经功能保护良好，无手术并发症及死亡。

Results The CT imaging of sacral tumors which included 10 cases of metastasis,5 of chordoma,4 of giant cell tumor,3 of neurogenous tumor,3 of chondrosarcoma and 5 of other tumors had their different features.

结果 30例骶骨肿瘤包括转移瘤10例，脊索瘤5例，骨巨细胞瘤4例，神经源性肿瘤3例，软骨肉瘤3例，其它5例，其CT影像学表现各有异同。

Results MRI findings of central neurocytoma are specific in 5 cases. The ganglioglioma was found in the tempora and occipital lobe in 7 cases,in the brainstem in 1 case, cystic-solid tumor was observed in 5 cases with extramural nodule in 3 cases, obviously thickened gyri were revealed in 1 cases and central necrosis in 2 cases.The 3 cases of Lhermitte-Duclos disease include the specific molecular layer imaging features.

结果 5例中枢神经细胞瘤有一定的MRI特征，3例诊断正确。8例神经节细胞胶质瘤中，7例位于或主要位于颞、枕叶，1例位于桥脑和延髓，表现为囊实性者5例，实性部分位于囊外的有3例，呈实性表现为局部脑回增厚者1例，囊变坏死明显者2例。3例小脑发育不良性节细胞瘤有特征性的条纹状或分层状表现。

Some of the laryngeal MFH were difficult to be differentiated from carcinosarcoma, pleomorphic rhabdomyosarcoma , myxoid liposarcoma ,malignant neurilemmoma and myxoma without immunohistochemical aids .

喉恶性纤维组织细胞瘤常规组织学与癌肉瘤、多形性横纹肌肉瘤、粘液型脂肪肉瘤、恶性神经鞘瘤、粘液瘤有时易混淆，免疫组织化学有助于明确诊断。

Degenerative nuclear atypia (akin to that seen in ancient schwannoma and atypical neurofibroma) is relatively common.

退变的不典型瘤细胞（类似于在古老型神经鞘瘤和不典型神经纤维瘤中所见到的一样）相对常见。

The pathology of tumours included 8 cases of phechoromocytoma(1 case appears malignancy),4 cases of ganglioneuroma,4 cases of adrenal myelolipoma, 2 cases of melanoma,4 cases of other lesions. Current median follow up ,available on 19 patients,was 14 months(ranges 3 to 47),no local recurrence and metastases was observed.

术后病理报告：嗜铬细胞瘤8例其中1例恶性），髓样脂肪瘤4例，神经节细胞瘤4例，脂肪肉瘤2例，其它病变4例。3例失访，19例随访3～47个月，平均14±9个月，未见局部复发和转移。

Methods:The CT and MPd features of rare adrenal neoplasms verified with operation and pathology were investigated retrospectively in 21 eases. The tumor included adrenal cyst 8 cases, myelolipoma 7 cases, ganglioneuroma 3 cases, neurofibrroma, primary malignant lymphoma and malignant mesothe lioma 1 eases respectively.

对21例经手术和病理证实的肾上腺少见肿瘤的CT、MRI表现进行回顾性分析，包括囊肿8例、髓质脂肪瘤7例、神经节细胞瘤3例、神经纤维瘤、原发恶性淋巴瘤及恶性间皮瘤各1例。

Methods The routine MR imaging was performed on 114 intradural extramedullary tumors with a 1.0 Tesla MR unit.Rank correlation and regression coefficent were analyzed for MR characteristics of neurilemmomas、neurofibromas and meningiomas.Dynamic spin-echo MR imaging was performed on 23 cases types of contrast enhancement ratio-time curves were analyzed.

使用1.0 Tesla MRI系统(Magnetom Impact，Siemens)对114例髓外硬膜下肿瘤进行常规扫描，对常见肿瘤(神经鞘瘤、神经纤维瘤、脊膜瘤)的MRI征象进行等级相关和回归系数分析，同时对23例肿瘤进行SE(200/15)序列动态增强扫描，分析CER-T曲线类型。

CCSK is a rare type of renal neoplasm in childhood and its diagnosis relies mainly on histopathology and immunohistochemistry. It is important to be familiar with the morphological variants of CCSK to avoid confusion with other similar lesions, such as Wilm's tumor, congenital mesoblastic nephroma, malignant rhabdoid tumor of kidney, primitive neuroectodermal tumor.

CCSK是一种罕见的儿童期恶性肾肿瘤，诊断主要依靠组织病理学和免疫组化，熟悉其形态学变异有利于与其它类似病变如肾母细胞瘤、先天性中胚叶肾瘤、肾恶性横纹肌样瘤、原始神经外胚叶肿瘤等鉴别。

We found that 1 mutant EG4 cells showed typical characteristics of pluripotent stem cells which had no obvious difference with wild cells; 2 When induced by 10〓 M retinoic acid , mutant EG4 cells differentiated into adipocytes with high frequency compared with mutant cells, suggested that EGFR plays a role in adipocyte differentiation; 3 when injected into nude mice, mutant teratocarcinomas contained a large amount of connective tissues as well as skeletal muscle, while wild EG4 cells produced frequently cartilage, keratinocyte and neuroepithelium.

我们建立了稳定表达胞内区功能缺失的外源EGFR cDNA片段的EG4细胞，分析其生长分化特性，发现 1）突变型细胞可在未分化状态下维持长时间的增殖，表明EGFR对EG多能干细胞表型无明显影响；2）〓 M的维甲酸A(retinoid acid A，RA)诱导后，大部分对照组细胞分化为脂肪细胞，而突变型细胞分化为脂肪细胞的比例明显较少，表明EGFR在脂肪细胞的发育分化中具有一定的调节作用；3）畸胎瘤切片分析显示，突变型瘤组织分布有大量的未分化细胞和结缔组织，分化细胞以肌肉细胞为主；对照组瘤组织含丰富的角质上皮、软骨、神经管等依赖EGFR的分化组织。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。