神经瘤

Results: 4 cases were geminoma, 3 cases were teratoma, 1 case was choriocarcinoma, 4 cases were glioma, 2 cases were meningiomas, pineoblstoma, neuroblastoma, dermoid cyst and arachnoid cyst each had one case. It maybe very difficult if we diagnosed only through MR signals. Due to the multitude origin of histology, we can diagnose through some special signals, such as adipose, cystic degeneration, hemorrhage and implant dissemination. We can also combined with clinical examination which is help to differential diagnosis.

结果：生殖细胞瘤4例，畸胎瘤3例，1例绒毛膜癌，胶质瘤4例，脑膜瘤2例，松果体母细胞瘤、神经母细胞瘤、皮样囊肿及蛛网膜囊肿各1例，仅通过MR信号较难诊断，由于肿瘤组织学来源多，可通过一些特殊信号如脂肪、囊变、出血、种植播散等，并结合临床检查来进行鉴别诊断。

RESULTS: The imaging features of CBT were masses located at the bifurcation of the carotid artery, with abundant blood supply in the tumor, the internal and external carotid arteries shifted, the bifurcation of the carotid artery increased like goldcup in DSA. The imaging features of the neurilemmoma were masses located behind the bifurcation of the carotid artery, and the carotid bifurcation was normal, no blood supply in the tumor, but carotid arteries shifted.

结果：颈动脉体瘤的CDFI和DSA特征为：颈总动脉分权处单发性肿块，并与其紧密相连，瘤体内血流极为丰富，瘤体使颈外动脉向前内移位、颈内动脉向后外移位，颈内、外动脉分权角度增大明显，DSA呈高脚杯状改变；神经鞘瘤紧邻颈动脉，颈总动脉分权处角度无改变，瘤体内血流信号不丰富，瘤体使颈动脉向前、外移位。

Results Postoperative pathological diagnosis showed 13 ependymomas, 2 astrocytomas, 2 oligodendroglioma, 2 lipoma, 1 myeloma, 1 keratose, 1 metastatic tumor, 1 angeioma, and 1 neurinoma.24 cases were treated by surgeon.

结果 病理证实室管膜瘤13例，星形细胞瘤2例，少枝胶质细胞瘤2例，脂肪瘤2例，骨髓瘤、转移瘤、血管瘤、角化物、神经鞘瘤各1例。24例行手术治疗。

Neuroectoderm; neural crest; neural plate; floor plate; neural tube; neuraxis; neurulation; neuroblasts; stem cells; differentiation; ontogeny; morphogenesis; histogenesis; organogenesis; synaptogenesis; gangliogenesis; embryogenesis; axonogenesis; retinogenesis; gliogenesis; glial progenitor cells; oligodendrocyte progenitor cells; retinal progenitor cells; nerve growth factor; neurotrophic factors; trophic factors; growth factors; neural tube defects; anencephaly; spina bifida; neuroblastoma cells; cell migration; neurogenesis; development; developmental stages

神经外胚层；神经脊；神经板；底板；神经管；轴索；神经胚形成；成神经细胞；干细胞；分化；个体发生；形态发生；组织发生；器官发生；突触发生；gangliogenesis；胚胎发生；axonogenesis；retinogenesis；gliogenesis；神经胶质祖细胞；少突神经胶质细胞祖细胞；视网膜祖细胞；神经生长因子；神经营养因子；营养因子；生长因素；神经管故障；无脑；脊柱裂；成神经细胞瘤细胞；细胞迁移；神经发生；发展；发展进程首页上一页下一页末页共有 22 条记录，本页从第 11 到第 20 条。

The other cancers with shorter follow up had three years overall and event free survival as follow: 75% and 62% for Medulloblastoma, 74% and 67% for Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma, 100% and 91% for extracranial Germ Cell Tumour, 30% and 20% for advanced neuroblastoma, 68% and 52% for Ewing's Sarcoma, 87% and 79% for Wilms' Tumour, 82% and 80% for Osteosarcoma, 56% and 45% for Rhabdomyosarcoma, and 60% and 50% for Hepatoblastoma respectively.

其他癌症经三年的短期随访，总存活率及无并发症存活率分别是：成神经管细胞瘤为 75%及 62%；非何杰金氏淋巴瘤为 74%及 67%；颅外的胚细胞瘤为 100%及 91%；已播散成神经细胞瘤为 30%及 20%；尤因氏肉瘤为 68%及 52%；威尔姆斯氏瘤为 87%及 79%；骨肉瘤为 82%及80%；横纹肌肉瘤为 56%及 45%；肝母细胞瘤为 60%及 50%。

Schwannoma; glial cells; glia; gliogenesis; glioma; peripheral nervous system; PNS; myelin sheath; saltatory impulse conduction; nodes of Ranvier; spinal cord

神经鞘瘤；胶质细胞；神经胶质；gliogenesis；神经胶质瘤；周围神经系统；PNS；髓鞘；跳跃冲动传导；郎飞氏结；脊髓

Materials and Math- ods: CT and MRI findings of 7 cases with ganglioneuroma and 2 case with ganglioneuroblastoma proved by operation and pathology were analysed retrospectively.

目的：分析后纵隔神经节细胞瘤和神经节神经母细胞瘤的CT和MRI表现及其诊断。

The most common types are Meibomian gland adenoma, papilloma, melanoma (eyelid, conjunctiva, sclera, iris, ciliary body, choroid), squamous cell carcinoma, adenoma, adenocarcinoma, lymphoma, medulloepithelioma, ganglioglioma, osteosarcoma, mast cell tumor, and optic nerve sheath meningioma.

最常见的类型是睑板腺腺瘤，乳头状瘤，黑色素瘤(眼睑，结膜，虹膜，睫状体，脉络膜)，鳞状细胞癌，腺瘤，腺癌，淋巴瘤(视网膜，脉络膜，睫状体)，髓上皮瘤，神经节胶质瘤，骨肉瘤，肥大细胞瘤和视神经鞘脑膜瘤。

Neuroectoderm; neural crest; neural plate; floor plate; neural tube; neuraxis; neurulation; neuroblasts; stem cells; differentiation; ontogeny; morphogenesis; histogenesis; organogenesis; synaptogenesis; gangliogenesis; embryogenesis; axonogenesis; retinogenesis; gliogenesis; glial progenitor cells; oligodendrocyte progenitor cells; retinal progenitor cells; nerve growth factor; neurotrophic factors; trophic factors; growth factors; neural tube defects; anencephaly; spina bifida; neuroblastoma cells; cell migration; neurogenesis; development; developmental stages

神经外胚层；神经脊；神经板；底板；神经管；轴索；神经胚形成；成神经细胞；干细胞；分化；个体发生；形态发生；组织发生；器官发生；突触发生；gangliogenesis；胚胎发生；axonogenesis；retinogenesis；gliogenesis；神经胶质祖细胞；少突神经胶质细胞祖细胞；视网膜祖细胞；神经生长因子；神经营养因子；营养因子；生长因素；神经管故障；无脑；脊柱裂；成神经细胞瘤细胞；细胞迁移；神经发生；发展；发展进程下一页末页共有 23 条记录，本页从第 1 到第 10 条。

I don't think this is clear cell meningioma, chordoma, central neurocytoma, hemangioblastoma, oligodendroglioma, ependymoma or DNET.

我不考虑透明细胞型脑膜瘤、脊索瘤、中枢神经细胞瘤、血管母细胞瘤、少突胶质细胞瘤、室管膜瘤或胚胎发育障碍的神经上皮肿瘤。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。