神经生理的

Antecedent trial, SAINT I, and the critical commentary stimulated by it, which called attention to its interpretively challenging primary outcome measure—a shift in the full-scale modified Rankin scale score—and to other statistical shortcomings;(2) the cogency of the STAIR recommendations, to which the development of NXY-059 closely adhered; and (3) the inherent physiochemical shortcomings of NXY-059 as a neuroprotective agent—its polar, nonlipophilic nature, poor blood– brain barrier penetrability, nonphysiological oxidation potential, and low potency.

应注意SAINT I期试验有争议的结局指标以及统计方法的缺陷；（2）NXY-059试验严格遵守STAIR推荐；（3）NXY-059作为神经保护剂固有的生理生化性质的缺陷：该药的极性、非脂溶性、较差的血脑屏障穿透性、无生理性的氧化能力以及低效价。

If being in pain were, as identity theorists suggest, solely being in a particular kind of neurological state, then octopodes and Alpha Centaurians, lacking physiologies like ours, could not be in pain – an absurdity.

如果按心脑同一论的建议，'在疼'仅仅就是一定类型的神经学上的状态，那么章鱼和孙悟空由于缺乏我们那样的生理组织，所以不会疼——这是荒谬的。

Four aspects of research achievements include:(1)several imaging correction methods and strained estimation methods for biological tissues elasticity imaging were investigated as well as elasticity reconstruction and phantom, in vitro and in vivo elasticity imaging experiments;(2)in the fields of biological microsystem and perfusion evaluation for microvascular system, three kinds of microbubbles whose shell are albumin, sugar ester and surfactant respectively were designed and produced, then the methods to estimate the thickness of their shells were presented, moreover, the interacting mechanism of ultrasound contrast agents and tissues, as well as protein drug delivery under the condition of ultrasound sonification were studied in the molecular level;(3) At the aspect of high intensity focused ultrasound therapy system, we designed and constructed the 256-element HIFU transducers using 1-3 composite materials. And furthermore we developed the integrated HIFU system with 256-element HIFU transducers. And we made preliminary and important progresses in the research of HIFU bioeffect, lesion estimation, techniques of monitoring and imaging and characterizing of structure of HIFU transducer;(4)The real-time method of voice source regeneration based on compensative regulation of physiological parameters was investigated in the field of medical rehabilitation. We addressed the physiology and biophysics of vocalization, modeled voice source regeneration based on compensative regulation mechanism, and put forward an integrated evaluation about the speech rehabilitation and the regenerated voice source; Sixty-one archived journal papers were published, as well as ten in international journals, and eighteen publications were embodied by SCI.

成果包括：（1）在生物组织弹性成像方面，研究了多种图像校正方法和应变估计方法，进行了弹性重构和仿体、离体及在体超声弹性成像实验研究；（2）在生物微系统和微血管血流灌注成像方面，制备了三种不同包膜超声造影微泡，研究了纳米包膜厚度检测与估计方法以及不同纳米包膜造影微泡断裂与药物释放机制，并在分子层次上开展了超声与生物组织相互作用机制以及蛋白质药物超声乳化微囊包裹的研究；（3）在阵列式高强聚焦超声治疗与监控成像技术方面，设计制作了新的HIFU换能器，解决了256阵元单焦点和多焦点合成HIFU治疗系统关键技术问题，并在HIFU生物效应与创伤性评价方法、HIFU过程监控成像技术和薄层复合结构与HIFU 换能器界面特性评价等方面的研究取得了初步而重要的进展，具有重要应用前景；（4）在语音听觉系统特别是嗓音康复方面，研究了基于发声系统补偿调节机制的实时多模式嗓音源再生方法和发声生理，建立基于神经、肌肉和空气动力系统的综合补偿调节模型，提出了相应的评价系统。

Four aspects of research achievements include:(1)several imaging correction methods and strained estimation methods for biological tissues elasticity imaging were investigated as well as elasticity reconstruction and phantom, in vitro and in vivo elasticity imaging experiments;(2)in the fields of biological microsystem and perfusion evaluation for microvascular system, three kinds of microbubbles whose shell are albumin, sugar ester and surfactant respectively were designed and produced, then the methods to estimate the thickness of their shells were presented, moreover, the interacting mechanism of ultrasound contrast agents and tissues, as well as protein drug delivery under the condition of ultrasound sonification were studied in the molecular level;(3) At the aspect of high intensity focused ultrasound therapy system, we designed and constructed the 256-element HIFU transducers using 1-3 composite materials. And furthermore we developed the integrated HIFU system with 256-element HIFU transducers. And we made preliminary and important progresses in the research of HIFU bioeffect, lesion estimation, techniques of monitoring and imaging and characterizing of structure of HIFU transducer;(4)The real-time method of voice source regeneration based on compensative regulation of physiological parameters was investigated in the field of medical rehabilitation. We addressed the physiology and biophysics of vocalization, modeled voice source regeneration based on compensative regulation mechanism, and put forward an integrated evaluation about the speech rehabilitation and the regenerated voice source; Sixty-one archived journal papers were published, as well as ten in international journals, and eighteen publications were embodied by SCI.

中文摘要：成果包括：（1）在生物组织弹性成像方面，研究了多种图像校正方法和应变估计方法，进行了弹性重构和仿体、离体及在体超声弹性成像实验研究；（2）在生物微系统和微血管血流灌注成像方面，制备了三种不同包膜超声造影微泡，研究了纳米包膜厚度检测与估计方法以及不同纳米包膜造影微泡断裂与药物释放机制，并在分子层次上开展了超声与生物组织相互作用机制以及蛋白质药物超声乳化微囊包裹的研究；（3）在阵列式高强聚焦超声治疗与监控成像技术方面，设计制作了新的HIFU换能器，解决了256阵元单焦点和多焦点合成HIFU治疗系统关键技术问题，并在HIFU生物效应与创伤性评价方法、HIFU过程监控成像技术和薄层复合结构与HIFU 换能器界面特性评价等方面的研究取得了初步而重要的进展，具有重要应用前景；（4）在语音听觉系统特别是嗓音康复方面，研究了基于发声系统补偿调节机制的实时多模式嗓音源再生方法和发声生理，建立基于神经、肌肉和空气动力系统的综合补偿调节模型，提出了相应的评价系统。

To investigate the gene mutation of clinical and neuroelectrophysiological characteristics in Machado-Joseph disease. The gene mutation was detected in 45 patients diagnosed as spinocerebellar ataxia and 30 "healthy relatives". Brain stem evoked potentials, visual evoked potentials and motor conduction velocity and sensory conduction velocity were performed on MJD.

为了解Machado-Joseph病基因突变及临床的神经电生理特点，对16个诊断为遗传性小脑性共济失调家系的45例病人及30例家系的&正常&人作MJD基因突变分析，检出MJD基因的病人行肢体运动及感觉神经传导速度、脑干诱发电位，视觉诱发电位的检查。

2The VEPs amplitudes in right-handed subjects with right half - field stimulation were higher than left one. The neu-roanatomic asymmetry of occipital lobes bilaterally provided some basis for this electrophysi-ological results.

②右利手者右半视野刺激的 VEPs 振幅大于左半视野刺激的 VEPs 振幅，两半球枕叶皮层神经解剖学上的非对称性为我们的电生理结果提供了一定的形态结构基础。

At same time, medical apartment of our country called that all the people should think over and over about this operation. Therefore, it is very significance to investigate the influences of ablating the bilateral nucleus accumbens with stereotactic surgery on 55 opiate addicts' intelligence.

同时，在2004年8月，国家卫生部提出要慎重实施手术戒毒模式，要对术后阿片类药物成瘾者的智力、人格、生理功能等方面做系统的详细的安全性实验与分析，指定唐都医院神经外科为戒毒手术的临床研究中心，其它医院禁止实施戒毒手术。

This study represents the most complete morphological classification of mouse retinal ganglion cells available to date and provides a foundation for further understanding of the correlation of physiology and morphology and ganglion cell function with genetically manipulated animals.

这项研究是迄今为止对小鼠视网膜神经节细胞的形态学最为详尽的研究，也为进一步研究基因改变的小鼠视网膜的形态学性质和生理功能提供了一个基础。

Such a concept has long been understood by neurophysiology researchers, dating back to W.B. Canon in 1939, when he coined the concept of the "fight or flight response" to traumatic events. Even Charles Darwin noted that, in order to cope with a variety of dangers, animals and humans evolved a variety of mental and physical behaviors.

从1939年W.B。 Canon为对能造成精神创伤的事件做出的是&斗争还是逃避的反应&提出了这个观点后，它就一直被神经生理学研究专家们所接受；即使查理斯·达尔文说过，为了应付各种各样的危险，动物和人类会随之进化各种心理和生理上的行为。

THE PHYSIOLOGICAL CHANGES THAT PRODUCE THE SYMPTOMS By depression there is a decreased amount of neurotransmitters in parts of the central nervous system, mainly deficiency of serotonin, but also to some extend of noradrenalin, acetylcholine, dopamine or gamma-amino-butyric acid, or the nerve cells do not react properly by stimulation from neurotransmitters.

的生理变化，产生症状的抑郁是有减少金额递质部分的中枢神经系统，主要是缺乏serotonin，但也有延长肾上腺素，乙酰胆碱，多巴胺或伽玛-氨基丁酸，或神经细胞得不到适当的反应的刺激神经。

According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。