神经生物学

The principal units of the Division include three departments, Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Genetics, and Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, as well as two sections, the Biological Chemistry section of the Department of Chemistry, and the Biopsychology and Behavioral Neuroscience section of the Department of Psychology.

该学部主要单位包括三个系？？细胞生物学和神经科学系，遗传学系，以及分子生物学和生物化学系；两个分部，化学系的生物化学部以及心？？？？？的生物心理学和行为神经科学部。

The epilepsy model induced by kainic acid is a dynamical model condition. 5-7 days after acute seizure episodes induced by a single systemic injection of a convulsant dose (10mg/kg) of KA the rats developed a long-lasting increase in seizure susceptibility and the characteristic histopathological features in the hippocampus similar to human TLE. So the KA model has been a well-known model to study TLE or intractable epilepsy.

颞叶癫癎红藻氨酸（kainic acid，KA）模型具有明确的动态变化过程，一次全身性给予惊厥剂量（10mg/kg）KA诱发SD大鼠急性癫癎发作后5-7天，动物开始出现癫癎发作敏感性长期增强，脑内亦发生与人类颞叶癫癎相似的神经病理、神经生化及神经分子生物学方面的改变，因此被认为是研究颞叶癫癎和难治性癫癎的理想模型之一。

Humana Press is a leading publisher of scientific books and journals in molecular biology, neuroscience, cancer research, and medicine in both print and electronic media. Humana's most popular products are the Methods in Molecular Biology series, the Cancer Drug Discovery and Development series, the Contemporary Cardiology series, the Neuromethods series, and the Methods in Molecular Medicine series.

该出版有限公司是全球一个主要的分子生物学、神经系统科学、癌症研究和医学领域的书籍杂志电子版和印刷版出版社，其最主要的出版物是分子生物学方法系列丛书、癌症药物研究和开发丛书、当代心脏病学丛书、神经学方法丛书和分子医学方法。

It integrates neuroanatomy, neurophysiology, neurochemistry, molecular biology, psychology, neuropharmacology and neuropathology to explore the structure and functions of nervous system from system, organ, cell and molecule.

它是融神经解剖学、神经生理学、神经化学、分子生物学、心理学、神经药理学、神经病理学为一学科，从系统、器官、细胞和分子多层次探索神经系统结构和功能的学科。

In this review, we primarily focus on the behavioral-neuroendocrine mechanism of development of homosexuality from genetic, neuroendocrine neuroanatomical and behavioral studies.

本文主要从生物学角度出发，从遗传学、神经内分泌学、行为学和神经解剖学方面综述了同性恋发生的神经内分泌机制。

SETTING and PARTICIPANTS: This study was carried out in the Department of Neurology, Neuropathological and Neuromolecular Laboratory of the General Hospital of Jinan Command.

地点和对象：实验在解放军济南军区总医院神经内科病房、神经病理实验室和神经分子生物学实验室进行。

Objective: Using neuropsychological tests to assess the cognitive functions of both major depression and dysthymia and analyse the relationship between the cognitive impairment and the alternation of peripheral blood concentration of hormones.

目的：采用目前国际上较为先进的神经心理检测工具对重性抑郁症、心境恶劣障碍及正常人群进行认知功能的评定，结合神经内分泌指标的监测，对比两种不同临床表现的抑郁障碍在神经心理学和神经内分泌指标方面的异同，为了解抑郁障碍的生物学发病机理提供依据。

Presently, the study of hypoxia and its adaptation mechanism is mainly focus on the oxygen intake related system, include respiratory, circulatory and central nerve system which was highly sensitive to the concentrition of oxygen.

目前，研究者采用分子生物学、分子遗传学、细胞生物学、免疫学及电生理学等多种技术和手段，在整体、器官、组织、细胞和分子水平上，对神经、血液-造血、循环、呼吸及内分泌等系统在低氧条件下其功能的改变及低氧适应机制进行了较全面和系统的研究。

Durazzo says that the exact mechanisms by which smoking affects cognition and brain neurobiology hae yet to be determined.

Durazzo说吸烟影响认知和大脑神经生物学的详细机制尚未确立。

Studies in neuropsychopharmacology and molecular neurobiology indicate that neurotransmitters and its receptors play important roles in alcohol abuse and addiction, and post-receptor signal transduction pathways, including cyclic adenosine 3', 5'-monophosphate-protein kinase A, phosphoinositide, Ca(superscript 2+)-calmodulin, phospholipase D and tyrosine kinase Fyn signaling cascade.

神经精神药理学和神经分子生物学研究表明，酒精滥用和成瘾不仅与中枢神经系统的神经递质及其相关的受体有关，而且，受体后的信号转导通路参与了酒精依赖的形成过程。其中包括环磷酸腺苷-蛋白激酶A、磷脂酰肌醇、Ca(上标 2+)-钙调蛋白、磷脂酶D以及酪氨酸激酶Fyn等信号途径。

We have no common name for a mime of Sophron or Xenarchus and a Socratic Conversation; and we should still be without one even if the imitation in the two instances were in trimeters or elegiacs or some other kind of verse--though it is the way with people to tack on 'poet' to the name of a metre, and talk of elegiac-poets and epic-poets, thinking that they call them poets not by reason of the imitative nature of their work, but indiscriminately by reason of the metre they write in.

索夫农 、森那库斯和苏格拉底式的对话采用的模仿没有一个公共的名称；三音步诗、挽歌体或其他类型的诗的模仿也没有——人们把&诗人&这一名词和格律名称结合到一起，称之为挽歌体诗人或者史诗诗人，他们被称为诗人，似乎只是因为遵守格律写作，而非他们作品的模仿本质。

The relationship between communicative competence and grammar teaching should be that of the ends and the means.

交际能力和语法的关系应该是目标与途径的关系。