神经外膜

Besides hemal sex migraine, cause the cause that have a headache a lot of, if abscess of all sorts of sexual disease, encephalitis, meningitis, head is affected inside skull; All sorts of cerebral blood-vessel pathological changes, if cerebral block, cerebral hemorrhage, arachnoid haemorrhage finishing speech, ventricle bleeds, Hypertensive Cerebral disease; A pathological change is taken inside skull, if colloid tumour mixes meningeal tumour, head,transfer tumor; All sorts of heads are traumatic if defeat of cerebral concussion, head cracks injury, putamen,issue haematoma; The waist is worn cause low skull pressure head painful; All sorts of neuralgic; The headache of disease of facial features division and infection, toxic, heatstroke and nerve function all can be caused mussily have a headache.

除了血管性偏头痛外，引起头痛的原因很多，如颅内感染性疾病、各种脑炎、脑膜炎、脑脓肿；各种脑血管病变，如脑梗塞、脑出血、蛛网膜下腔出血、脑室出血、高血压脑病等；颅内占位病变，如脑膜瘤、脑胶质瘤和转移肿瘤；各种脑外伤如脑震荡、脑挫裂伤、硬膜下血肿；腰穿引起低颅压头痛；各种神经痛；五官科疾病的头痛以及感染、中毒、中暑和神经功能紊乱均可引起头痛。

The results revealed that the motor nerves and parasympathetic system would be blocked predicatively by epidural injection with alcohol or phenol glycerin .

硬膜外腔注射无水乙醇和酚甘油进行化学性神经根毁损对实验兔运动神经和植物神经的阻滞效果显著，三月后再次硬膜外腔置管无显著的出血禁忌。

The Suprascapular nerve is closeto superior transverse scapular ligment at suprascapular hole, close to inferior transverse scapular at subscapular hole. The movement space is limited, the nerve tension is increased when the shoulder abduct, the fascia separate the suprascapular nerve from the rotator cuff.

肩胛上神经分别在肩胛上、下孔处贴近肩胛上韧带、肩胛下韧带，活动余地较小，肩部外展活动时神经张力增大，肩袖和肩胛上神经干之间有筋膜相隔。

Results: Lateral extradural approach could be used to expose the second and third branches of trigeminal nerve,trigeminal ganglion,posterior vertical segment of the intrapetrosal ICA,abducent nerve and horizontal segment of the intrapetrosal ICA;lateral intradural approach could be used to expose the lateral,anteroinferior and posterosuperior venous spaces,almost all the cranial nerves within the cavernous sinus and horizontal segments of the intracavernous ICA;superior approach could be used to expose the medial,lateral and posterosuperior venous spaces,medial side of the anterior genu,anterior vertical and clinoidal segments of the intracavernous ICA and the lateral side of the hypophysis.

结果：外侧硬膜外入路可用于显露三叉神经第2、3支，三叉神经节，海绵窦内颈内动脉后垂直段，外展神经及岩骨颈内动脉水平段；侧方硬膜下入路可用于显露海绵窦外侧及前下，后上静脉间隙，以及所有走行在海绵窦内的颅神经和海绵窦内颈内动脉水平段；上方入路可用于显露海绵窦内侧、外侧及后上间隙，海绵窦内ICA水平段、前膝、前垂直段及床突段的内侧面，以及垂体的外侧面。

Methods: 50 normal Wistar male rats were randomly divided into five geoups: the sham operated group, injury model group, shenjindan capsule treat group, high dose and low dose group (duzhongyaotong pill treat, D and E)(n=10each). Autogenous nucleus pulposus was removed from the coccygeal vertebral and placed into the back of left L5~6 nerve root, The modle of the non-compressive nucleus pulposus protrusion was created by transplanting autogenous nucleus pulposus in the back of left L5~6 nerve roots. At tow weeks, the SP in dorsal root ganglion was determined by immunohistochemistry.

取健康Wistar大鼠50只，随机分为假手术组、模型组、对照组、高剂量组（D组、腰腿理痛散高剂量组）、低剂量组（E组、腰腿理痛散低剂量组），每组10只，将大鼠自身的尾椎髓核取出移植于左侧硬膜外腔L5、L6神经根背侧，造成非压迫性大鼠自体髓核移植硬膜外模型，通过免疫组化的方法测定大鼠2周时DRG中CGRP的变化。

Results The supra-orbital nerve passes through the deep fascia of frontal muscle and epicranial aponurosis with an 52.8±7.4° angle before it enters the frontalis. Its diameter is 1.4±0.3 mm.

结果 眶上神经出眶上孔后，以 52.8±7.4°角向外上经额肌筋膜附着处入帽状腱膜下隙，达发际附近穿帽状腱膜和额肌至皮下。

The cilia of retinal pig merit epithelium disappeared completely by TEM, the granola of retinal pigment epithelium decreased, the rough endoplasmic retinal, the mitochondrial crista breaks, the outer nuclear layer arrangemen disorderin, disc broad, the vacuole timer and outer plexi-form layer shaped, the ganglion cells and membranous of eye cell outer side got think, intermembranous space gotorgancelle disappeared mostly, the crista of cytoplasm ganglion cells layer swelled.

透射电说可见：视网膜色素上皮细胞表面纤毛完全消失，视网膜色素上皮细胞内颗粒减少，粗而内质网、线粒体嵴断裂，外颗粒层细胞排列紊乱，视细胞外段盘膜粗大，盘膜间隙增宽，内外丛状层空泡形成，神经节细胞、细胞器大部分消失，神经节细胞层可见细胞质有嵴性肿胀。

Recently, compression of peripheral nerve roots due to enlarged epidural venous plexus has been described as a possible cause of back and radicular pain, too.

近来，由于硬膜外静脉丛曲张导致外周神经根的压迫也被认为是引起背痛和神经根痛的一个可能的原因。

The transmission is conducted in the form of action potentials along the axon of DRG neuron to the presynaptic membrane in spinal dorsal horn. Action potential depolarizes the presynaptic membrane and activates the voltage-dependent Ca〓 channel. The influx of Ca〓 then triggers the release of neurotransmitter.

外界感觉信息以动作电位的形式沿DRG细胞轴突由外周传向DRG细胞在脊髓背角的突触前膜，导致细胞膜去极化，引起电压依赖性〓通道的开放，〓内流介导突触前膜神经递质的释放，从而完成感觉信息由外周向脊髓的传递。

Besides this function, the "Jinguihuishengyi" can lead to the discharge of catecholamine, and the neurolemma polarization, and then influence the permeability of the neurolemma.

此外，金匮回生液除释放乙酰胆碱的作用外，还能引起儿茶酚胺的释放，并通过作用轴突出引起神经膜极化，从而影响神经膜的通透性。

Do you know, i need you to come back

你知道吗，我需要你回来

Yang yinshu、Wang xiangsheng、Li decang,The first discovery of haemaphysalis conicinna.

1〕 杨银书，王祥生，李德昌。安徽省首次发现嗜群血蜱。