神经发生

14Th week after injury, the reorganization of labelled neurons' distribution was found in the autograft group, but only one case in the NTN/PGLA group. Conclusion Local application of PGLA tube with neurturin can recover the axoplasm flow of regenerated nerve fibers, its long-term effect can match that of the nerve autograft, and collateral axonal branching occurred less.

应用NTN/PGLA导管的修复能够和自体神经移植修复一样恢复神经缺损的连续性和逆行轴浆运输功能，后期效果相当；应用NTN/PGLA导管修复后神经元分布异位明显少于自体神经移植修复，提示较少发生轴突误向再生，减少面肌联带运动的发生。

There were 36 males and 40 females,with the average age of 47.7 years.36 patients presented with sciatica and perineal numbness,11 patients had painless mass and the other 20 were identified due to other causes.Among 67 benign neurogenic tumors,54 were originated from S1-S3 nerves,3 from S4-S5 nerves and 11 from the presacral space without caudal involvement.Giant cell tumor was found in 60 patients,which included 24 males and 36 females,with an average age of 32 years.Upper sacrum（S1-S2） was involved firstly.There were 56 patients（average,37.7 years） diagnosed as other primary benign bone tumors,which included 24 cases of teratomas,epidermoid cyst or dermoid cyst.Other malignant tumors,including chondrosarcoma （17）,Ewing′s sarcoma/PNET（14）,multiple myeloma（12）,lymphoma（6） and osteosarcoma（6） were found in 64 patients.

其中脊索瘤95例，男62例，女33例，平均年龄55.7岁，骶尾区疼痛是主要症状（82例），半数以上患者伴有坐骨神经痛，肿瘤多先累及低位骶骨（S3~S5）；神经源性肿瘤76例，男36例，女40例，平均年龄47.7岁，神经纤维瘤43例，神经鞘瘤24例，恶性神经鞘瘤9例，主诉多为坐骨神经痛、会阴部麻木（36例）和无痛性包块（11例），20例患者为查体或其他原因检查时发现，67例骶骨良性神经源性肿瘤起源于S3以上神经者54例，起源于S3以下神经者3例，发生于骶前未累及骶管者10例；骨巨细胞瘤60例，男24例，女36例，平均年龄32岁，腰骶尾部不适（37例）、坐骨神经痛（21例）是主要的临床表现，肿瘤多先累及上位骶骨（S1~S2）；骶骨其他原发良性肿瘤及瘤样病变56例，包括畸胎瘤、皮样囊肿、表皮样囊肿共24例；其他原发恶性肿瘤64例，包括软骨肉瘤17例，尤文肉瘤14例，多发性骨髓瘤12例，成骨肉瘤6例等。

With physiological, pharmacological and biochemical techniques, we studied the mechanisms of hypothalamic stimulation-induced pressor reaction and ventricular extrasystole and the inhibitory effect of deep peroneal nerve input on these neurogenic abnormal cardiovascular activities in order to reveal the regulatory effect of deep somatic nerve input on the cardiovascular activities and explain the mechanisms of the occurrence and cure of some cardiovascular diseases.

本工作采用多学科的实验技术研究了刺激兔下丘脑诱发血压升高和室性期前收缩的发生机制及刺激腓深神经对此神经源性心血管异常活动的抑制机理，旨在揭示躯体深部神经传入冲动对心血管活动的调节作用，并阐明某些心血管疾病的发生和治疗原理。

During morphogenesis cells and cell populations change shape: an exampleis neurulation in vertebrate embryos, in which the edges of the flat neural plate fold upward and fuse, forming the beginnings of the hollow brain and spinal cord.

在形态发生期间，细胞和细胞群体形状发生改变：例如，脊椎动物的神经胚，扁平神经板的边缘向上折叠并融合，是中空大脑和脊髓神经形成的开端。

During morphogenesis cells and cell populations change shape: an example is neurulation in vertebrate embryos in which the edges of the flat neural plate fold upward and fuse forming the beginnings of the hollow brain and spinal cord.

在形态发生期间，细胞和细胞群体形状发生改变：例如，脊椎动物的神经胚，扁平神经板的边缘向上折叠并融合，是中空大脑和脊髓神经形成的开端。

Neurogenesis in DG could be induced to increase at a certain time window after global ischemia reperfusion. The accommodational mechanisms of neurogenesis were possibly related to the changes of hormones, neurotransmitters, neurotrophic factors and the micro-circumstances of the dentate gyrus after ischemia.

结论缺血性脑损伤可诱导海马齿状回神经元发生水平在一定时间窗内上调，其机制可能与缺血引起脑组织激素水平、神经递质、神经营养因子浓度发生变化以及齿状回局部微环境改变有关。

The effect of Coriaria lactone on amino acid nerve transmission substance: Coriaria lactone is a kind of nerve toxicant can made amino acid nerve transmission substance content of insect change and the content of GABA increase obviously, the content of Glu change little or decrease slightly.

马桑毒素对昆虫氨基酸神经递质的影响：马桑毒素是一种神经毒剂，作用于昆虫引起体内的氨基酸神经递质含量发生变化，其中GABA含量明显升高，GLU含量变化不大稍有下降，并且马桑毒素侵入虫体后，试虫具有兴奋-吐出中肠液-瘫软-昏迷-死亡的症状，表明马桑毒素是试虫的神经传导中GABA的特殊拮抗剂。

Nerve conduction and regeneration were evaluated by electromyography; muscle weight and counting of distal regenerated myelinated nerve fibers.

我们在对臂丛神经损伤患者行神经修复后，随访其生长情况时还发现在神经行进途中易发生卡压的部位往往会阻碍神经的再生，通过手术将这些卡压因素去除后，神经再生的速度会明显加快[1]。

Several investigators have determined that placing the electrode parallel rather than perpendicular to the target nerve substantially increases the size of the lesion, thereby reducing the likelihood the treatment will miss or only partially coagulate the target nerve.234,235 After a literature review and cadaveric study, Lau et al.234 concluded the ideal electrode position is across the lateral neck of the superior articular process rather than the groove formed at the angle of the superior articular and transverse processes, as was used in most studies.159,160Other investigators have found the maximal lesion size to be reached within 60 s of lesion time,235–237 independent of whether the system is temperature or voltage controlled.238 Studies conducted in human myocardium have determined that irrigation fluid has either no effect or a slightly beneficial effect on lesion size.239 Hence, the use of LA to prevent procedure-related pain or steroid to reduce the incidence of neuritis184 should theoretically have no adverse effects on the efficacy of radiofrequency denervation.

一些研究者认为，将点击平行的置于目标神经比将其垂直置于目标神经增加了消融的范围，因而减少损伤可能使目标神经不被或部分被消融。Lau等回顾了文献中对尸体的研究，总结出理想的电极放置位置为上关节突颈部外侧而非常采用的上关节突与横突形成的沟。其他学者研究发现，不论系统是温度控制或电压控制，其最大的损伤范围都在60秒内达到。在心肌灌注的研究中，灌注液多损伤范围造成轻微或不造成损伤。因此，使用LA预防过程相关性疼痛或类固醇防止神经炎发生时，需理论上确保对射频消融效果无副作用。

The main contents are as follows:Firstly, starting with the general situation of soil erosion and the harms caused by it, the causes leading to the local soil erosion problem are analyzed comprehensively in the paper. And connecting with the measures taking place, sticking points towards the career of soil and water conservation are expatiated upon.Secondly, Back-Propagation Neural Network, One of Artificial Neural Network is used to set up a modal about the connection of the soil erosion modulus and seven factors impacts on it, such as, rainfall, rainfall largest intensity in 30 minutes, runoff coefficient, vegetation cover percent, rate of granule, rate of physical viscidity-clay, the rate of organic matter. Through the comparison with linear regression model, the second regression model, the Chinese Soil Loss Equation, it illustrated that BP Neural Network modal is more accurate than the other three modals in forecasting the mount of soil erosion, and the BP Neural Network will have some applicability in forecasting in soil erosion.

本文以霍山县作为皖西大别山区的典型区域，主要研究了以下内容：(1)从介绍霍山县土壤侵蚀状况以及所造成的危害入手，全面分析了导致当地土壤侵蚀发生的原因，并结合当地采取的水土保持相关措施，阐述了当地水土保持工作的症结所在；(2)结合上土市水土保持试验站多年实测资料和2005年实验资料，应用BP神经网络理论，建立了次降雨土壤侵蚀量与次降雨量、最大30min雨强、径流系数、植被覆盖度等因子之间关系的模型，并通过BP神经网络的预测模型与一次回归模型、二次回归模型、CSLE模型之间的对比分析，说明了建立的BP神经网络模型在土壤侵蚀预测可以取得较回归模型和CSLE模型更高的精度，也说明了BP神经网络理论在土壤侵蚀预报中具有一定的适用性。

Breath, muscle contraction of the buttocks; arch body, as far as possible to hold his head, right leg straight towards the ceiling (peg-leg knee in order to avoid muscle tension).

呼气，收缩臀部肌肉；拱起身体，尽量抬起头来，右腿伸直朝向天花板（膝微屈，以避免肌肉紧张）。

The cost of moving grain food products was unchanged from May, but year over year are up 8%.

粮食产品的运输费用与5月份相比没有变化，但却比去年同期高8％。