神经元

The results show as follows:(1) immunoreactive neurons of NPY in pigeon cerebellum tire mainly located in the Purkinje cell layer of the cerebellar cortex, especially in the top of Purkinje cell in cerebellar folia:(2) a few neuropeptide Y immunoreactive neurons are observed in the central nuclei of cerebellar white matter .which is different from silky fowl, chick and rat;(3) none of neuropeptide Y immunoreactive neurons are found both in the molecular and granular layer.

结果显示：(1)小脑内神经肽Y(neuropeptide Y，NPY)阳性神经元主要存在于小脑皮质的蒲肯野氏细胞层，且以小叶顶端的蒲肯野氏细胞阳性明显；(2)小脑白质中央核可见到少量阳性神经元，不同于乌鸡、肉鸡及大鼠；(3)分子层、颗粒层未见阳性反应细胞。

Firstly, the paper, combining the characteristic of synchronous pulse bursts and inhibition with the modified PCNN model, presents a way of finding the foveation points in the images adaptively and effectively, and simulates the human vision system. Secondly, PCNN is extended to PCNNs, based on the properties of information couple and transmission, an algorithm that is used to fuse images of the same target got by several sensors to an image is presented to simulate the human vision system. Thirdly, combining the properties of synchronous pulse bursts, capture, and transmission and competition of waves, the paper presents two ways of classification, one is an algorithm based on the properties of neuron to capture and inhibit to classify the data taking on any complex unlinear distribution robustly, the other is based on the restricted distance and modified of the former to remove the influence of inferior samples in classification; Finally, based on the accumulative difference pictures, and the forming and transmission of PCNN wave, selecting and controlling the direction of autowave by connecting the neighbouring neurons selectively, the paper presents a way to simulate the tracks of moving object and detect the moving direction.

首先结合PCNN的同步脉冲发放和侧抑制特性，提出了基于改进型PCNN的图像凹点检测算法，该算法是一种自适应而有效的图像凹点检测方法，并且较好地仿真了人类视觉系统；然后，结合信息传递和信息耦合特性，将PCNN扩展成PCNNs，提出了一种基于PCNNs的图像融合算法，能够将多个传感器获取的同一目标的图像信息融合到一幅图像中，有效模拟了人类视觉系统；另外，结合PCNN的同步脉冲发放特性、捕获特性和波的传播竞争特性，开拓地将PCNN用于模式分类中，提出了基于耦合神经元点火捕获／抑制特性的分类方法和改进的约束距离下的PCNN分类方法，前者可实现对样本空间中任意复杂分布训练样本的稳健非线性分类，而后者能够消除训练样本中刺点对分类的影响；最后，结合累积差分图像思想、PCNN波的形成与传播特性，通过各神经元之间连接取向来选择与控制自动波的流向，将PCNN用于运动视觉分析中的运动轨迹模拟及运动方向检测。

Results The SP-IR and CGRP-IR neurons could not be found in the above-mentioned ganglial plexus.But SP-IR fibers distributed sparsely,CGRP-IR fibers were more densely than SP-IR fibers,especially A-PGP.The population of VIP-IR neurons and fibers were most dense and interweaved ganglial plexus.

结果 在上述三个神经节丛内，未发现SP及CGRP免疫反应阳性神经元，但可见少量SP免疫反应阳性神经纤维分布，CGRP免疫反应阳性神经纤维数量较SP阳性纤维密集，尤其在A-PGP更为明显；VIP免疫反应阳性神经元和神经纤维分布最为密集，交织成神经节丛。

Many studies reported suggest both neuronal precursor cells before innervation of target fields and the neurons of adult animal coexpress neurotrophic factors and their receptors, implying that autocrine and paracrine modes of NTFs exit. It has been observed that a number of neurotrophic factors and their receptors were expressed in cultured hippocampal cells and dorsal root ganglionic cells.

研究表明，无论是靶组织联系建立以前的神经元前体细胞，还是成年后的神经元，均有神经营养因子与其受体的共同表达，提示有神经营养因子自分泌和旁分泌存在的可能性。

These circumstances are believed to cause metabolic disturbances in neurons in the hippocampus, which may disappear and be subsequently replaced by gliosis.

MTS被认为与婴幼儿其的发热性惊厥和持续癫痫状态相关，这些事件被认为引起了海马区神经元代谢异常，这些神经元丢失并被神经胶质所取代。

NMDA(N-methyl-D-aspartate) receptors are a subtype of excitatory transmitters-glutamate receptor which belong to a heteromeric ligand-gated ionotropic receptors and play an important role in many complex physiological and pathological processes, such as nerve development, neuronal excitatory synaptic transmission, synaptic plasticity, central sensitization and neuronal death.

NMDA(N-methyl-D-aspartate)受体是兴奋性神经递质谷氨酸受体的一种亚型，是一种异聚体配体门控型离子通道，参与体内神经发育、神经元的兴奋性突触传递、突触可塑性、中枢敏化、神经元死亡等多种不同的生理和病理过程。

The anatomical localizations indicate that Al receptor and Dl receptor coexist in strionigro-strioentopeduncular neurons, and A2a receptor and D2 receptor coexist in striopallidals neurons. The heteromeric complexes of Al/D1、A2a/D2 receptor provided the molecular basis for the functional interactions of Al/Di and A2a/D2 receptor.

腺苷A1受体和多巴胺D1受体以及腺苷A2a受体和多巴胺D2受体分别共存於基底神经节中纹状体向黑质和脚内核投射的神经元以及纹状体向苍白球投射的神经元内。A1/D1、A2a/D2受体形成受体异聚复合体构成了受体一受体之间相互作用的分子基础。

NMDA receptor subunits express weakly at postnatal 7 days (P7),goes up at P14,reaches maximum level at P21,then remains this level until adult. Conclusion Neuronal functional NMDA receptors are composed of NMDA R1 and NMDAR2A in heteromeric configuration in the ventral horn of spinal cord;N MDA receptors may be involved in motor neuron maturation and plasticity during p ostnatal development.

NMDAR1和NMDAR2A是构成脊髓前角神经元功能性NMDA受体的重要亚基，NMDA受体可能参与生后早期运动神经元成熟或可塑性调控过程。

It was found by means of protein fluorescence detection that the number of MAP-2 masculine neurone in the hippocamp of AD rat in model group and zinc reinforce post-AD group decreased distinctly. There was not distinct difference in the MAP-2 expression and the number of MAP-2 masculine neurone between normal group and zinc reinforce pro-AD group.

模型组和AD后补锌组大鼠海马区MAP-2蛋白表达与正常组大鼠相比显著下降，MAP-2蛋白荧光检测发现模型组和AD后补锌组大鼠海马区MAP-2阳性神经元数量明显减少，AD前补锌组大鼠海马区MAP-2蛋白表达和MAP-2阳性神经元数量与正常组相比差异无显著性。

The dopamine release in vivo was monitored by fast cyclic voltammetry and the concentrations of DA and its metabolites dihydroxy-phenylacetic acid and homovanillic acid were determined by high performance liquid chromatography electrochemical detection in the process study. In addition, the effects of some traditional Chinese herbs and related marine drug on behavioral changes were also evaluated in order to provide some suggestive clue for rational drug design of anti-Parkinon's disease .

许多因素都参与PD的DA能神经元的死亡，所以，本研究在制备PD动物模型的基础上，应用国内率先引进的快速周期伏安法检测设备在体动态监测DA的释放，同时应用另一种电化学检测技术—高效液相色谱电化学检测法离体检测DA及其代谢产物二羟苯乙酸和高香草酸的含量，结合行为学测定及其它方法，研究了雌激素和铁在PD发病中的作用，以及一些药物，如吲哚醌、牛磺酸、铁离子螯合剂、胆囊收缩素（CCK-8）、乌鸡白凤丸有效成份、大豆异黄酮及海洋酸性寡糖HSH971，对DA能神经元的影响，从DA能神经递质角度对PD的发病机理提供进一步的实验依据，并为PD的预防和治疗提供新的干预措施。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。