神经元

There are several descending central nervous system pathways that synapse directly or indirectly on motor neurons and allow for suprasegmental control of movement .

这个通路考虑了对于精细动作和粗大动作来说协调主动肌和拮抗肌都是必须的，在下位中枢有几条直接或通过中间神经元与运动神经元突触的通路，考虑可能与跨节段控制运动有关。

Here we report that a certain class of neurons in the swamp sparrow forebrain displays a precise auditory–vocal correspondence.

这也许是"镜像"神经元的一种显而易见的工作，但此前一直没有关于听觉—声音"镜像"神经元的报道。

The results show that the maintenance of working memory is associated with synchronisation of neurons, which facilitates communication between different parts of the brain.

结果显示工作记忆的维持与人脑神经元同步有关，这种神经元同步有利于脑区之间的信息交换。

F of pigeon optic tectum,the most of which show excitation to exogeous Glu.These data observed in slices provide a strong evidence that Glu may act as a neurotransmitter involving in the activity of the sublayer Ⅱa?

f亚层内存在Glu敏感神经元，外源性的Glu对这些神经元有兴奋作用，Glu可能作为神经递质参与了家鸽顶盖Ⅱa？

Barrington's nucleus that located in the pontine dorsolateral tegmentum is an important site for controlling voiding in the mammalian brain and is often referred to as pontine micturition center. Barrington's nucleus sends direct projection fibers to the sacral parasympathetic nucleus in which parasympathetic preganglionic neurons innervating detrusor muscles of the bladder are distributed. Electron or chemical stimulation of Barrington's nucleus clicits bladder contraction and increases discharges of bladder postganglionic nerve. Conversely, lesion of the nucleus results in a permanent inability to empty the bladder. On the other hand, an area located just ventral to Barrington's nucleu has been reported to send projection fibers to the ventrolateral group of Onuf's nucleus in the caudal lumbar cord segments; the vetrolateral group of Onuf's nucleus is mainly composed of pudendal motor neurons innervating the external urethral sphincter muscle.

Barrington's核发出纤维投射至支配膀胱逼尿肌的骶髓副交感核，毁损该区可导致动物永久性失去排空膀胱的能力；而电刺激或化学刺激该区可引起支配膀胱的节后纤维放电增加和膀胱逼尿肌收缩。D区是紧邻Barrington's核腹侧的一团神经元，它发出纤维投射至腰骶髓Ounf核的腹外侧群，而Ounf核的腹外侧群主要是由支配尿道外括约肌的阴部神经运动神经元组成。

So far, studies on complex networks can be divided into two main categories: one is studying the topological properties of complex networks and various mechanisms to determine the topology; the other is studying how their complex connectivity can affect the dynamic features of the system.

论文第一部分中，我们研究了耦合Hodgkin-Huxley神经元模型中外噪声或内噪声与耦合同时存在时体系的动力学，发现了体系尺度共振和双重体系尺度共振现象：存在最佳噪声强度的最佳数目的神经元耦合在一起可以使得体系的集体行为最为有序。

Result and Conclusion: TrkA was expressed and distributed ubiquitously in both eytoplasm and dendrites of spinal cord.

结果与结论：TrkA广泛分于脊髓各层神经元及灰质内，并且在神经元的胞体和树突中均有表达。

Uranyl acetate and lead citrate stain was used for electron microscopic examination.

利用图象处理系统光镜下计数海马CA1区TUNEL阳性神经元和正常神经元数目。

Ception can enter the dorsal-most laminae I and II but not grow further ventrally. As for the waiting period and the correct projection of the NT- 3 (neurotrophin-3)sensitive Ia neurons and other neurons, it is possible that other guidance cues might make more contribution.

至于腹侧投射性的神经营养因子习（neurotrophin3，NT3）敏感性肌梭h类神经元和其它神经元轴突的等待期和定向投射，则更有可能是在其它类型的导向因子的共同参与下进行的［81

From 136 to 138, the expres- sion retrieved ventrally and expressed at the ventral half of the central tube (137) and the ventral horn especially in motor neurons (E7 and E8). Thus, the dorsal terminating axons relating to nociception and thermore?

到民至 Es麻Sema 3A的mRN的表达向腹侧撤退，主要在脊髓中央管周围的腹侧和前角运动神经元，这样使背侧投射性的痛温觉神经元轴突仅进入脊髓后角第 I、11层而不进一步向腹侧投射。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。