神经元

Ultimately, vulnerable groups of neurons atrophy and die in a process that may involve excitotoxicity (overstimulation of neurotransmitter receptors on neuronal surface membranes), collapse of calcium homeostasis, inflammation, and depletion of energy and growth factors.

最终在兴奋性毒性（过度刺激神经元上的递质受体）、钙紊乱、炎症、能量和生长因子缺乏作用下，敏感的神经元发生萎缩、死亡。apoE4与Aβ和tau的异常聚集有关，还可能损伤线粒体和其他细胞骨架。Aβ、tau、apoE和synuclein与其他分子相互作用，影响多种神经活动和存活的信号转导途径。

Paradise fish has regular and ritual process of agonistic interaction which can be separated into three phases, namely, initial phase, threatening phase, and fighting phase. In initial phase, two fish encounter and swim close to each other. In threatening phase, two fish display shaking, head-tail swimming to threat their opponent.

目前已知敌对行为牵涉到中枢神经系统的调控，尤以中枢神经系统中的血清张力素神经元被许多研究学者指出是与敌对行为调控相关，但尚未确定血清张力素神经元在动物进行敌对行为过程中是如何的参与其中调控。

When modeling the floating gate potential, the effect of the parasitical field capacitance to the floating gate potential is considered, and the model is verified by the simulation results and the measured results.

建立了神经元MOS的HSPlCE模型，在对浮栅电势建模时考虑了场寄生电容对浮栅电势的影响，并对模型进行了验证，为神经元MOS电路的设计提供了更精确的模拟手段。

First,we perfuse puerarin to the brain slice which electricity activity is better,one concentration per one brain slice,the result shows that the puerarin has conspicuous depressant effect to the hippocampal,s spontaneous discharge act,the mian abaissement modality is to cut down the frequency,but the effect to the amplitude is very little.

首先，在电活性较好的脑薄片上进行单一的葛根素灌流实验，结果表明，葛根素对海马神经元的自发放电活动有很明显的抑制作用，其抑制方式主要是降低了了海马神经元生理电的发放频率，而对发放的幅度影响则很小。

The present work was therefore designed to record single unit discharging from afferent fibers of DRG neuron, collect the interspike interval sequence of neuronal discharges, sum and analyze the rhythmic pattern of neuronal discharges, and finally perfuse the injured DRG neuron with different potassium channel blockers in order to identify the underlying dynamic rules of variations in the rhythmic patterns of neuronal discharges.

本研究从损伤DRG传入纤维中引导单根神经纤维放电，采集神经纤维放电的动作电位间期interspike interval，ISI）序列。归纳和分析神经元放电的节律形式，应用不同〓通道阻断剂灌流损伤DRG，观察神经元放电节律变化的动力学规律。主要结果如下

The present work was therefore designed to record single unit discharging from afferent fibers of DRG neuron, collect the interspike interval sequence of neuronal discharges, sum and analyze, the rhythmic pattern of neuronal discharges, and finally perfuse the injured DRG neuron with different potassium channel blockers in order to identify the underlying dynamic rules of variations in the rhythmic patterns of neuronal discharges.

归纳和分析神经元放电的节律形式，应用不同K~+通道阻断剂灌流损伤DRG，观察神经元放电节律变化的动力学规律。

Among the involving factors, neurotrophic factors in the microenvironment adjoining to perikaryon and neurites play crucial roles in maintaining survival, promoting orientional regrowth of axons and re-expression of functional phenotype of neurons.

近年来大量神经生物学研究表明：在影响损伤后神经修复或再生的诸多因素中，神经元胞体及轴突周围微环境产生的一些神经营养因子发挥着维持受损神经元生存、促进神经再生、恢复神经功能表型等重要作用。

Three major elements of life activities as mass, energy and information can be integrated in the calcium system in neuron. So it is attracting to find out how is the neuron to maintain its stability of the structure and function with the perturbation of external and internal uncertainty factors.

因此，探究神经元内钙系统在受到外部扰动或内部参数摄动等不确定因素干扰时，如何保持其结构和功能稳定对于认识神经元内钙系统本质的动态特性具有重要意义。

J. Hopfield, who is a physical scientist of USA, are very instructive. At first, he wrote two papers which is published in PNAS in 1982 and 1984 respectively and a discrete model was proposed. And then, cooperating with D. W. Tank, a new continuous model was proposed. This kind of network is a feedback one. Every neurons outputs go back to act as the inputs of other neurons.

Hopfield的工作是非常有意义的，他分别在1982年和1984年，在美国PNAS杂志上提出了离散网络模型的概念，然后又与Tank合作于1985年提出了一种连续的网络模型，这种网络模型是一种自反馈的神经网络结构，每个神经元的输出都有反馈，作为其它神经元的输入。

The characteristics of glass microelectrode recorded electrical activity of nociceptive neurons in the caudate nucleus elicited by microinjection of GABA and blockage by picrotoxin were studied in 53 Wistar rats.

在53只成年W istar大鼠上，用玻璃微电极引导神经元放电，观察了尾核内注射Y-氨基丁酸后，尾核痛反应神经元放电的变化和印防己毒素(picrotoxin， PIC)对GABA作用的阻断效应。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。