神经元

To answer these questions, in the present study, an attempt was made to examine:(1) the GABA responses in mechanically dissociated Vme neurons with attached synaptic boutons by using the whole cell patch clamp technique;(2) the change of expression of KCC2 and NKCC1 during the postnatal stage in the Vme by using the Western blotting technique;(3) the percentage of colocalization of PV with KCC2 or NKCC1 during the postnatal stage in the Vme by using the double immunofluorescence histochemical techniques.

基于此，本论文进行了如下研究：(1)运用机械分离带终扣的单细胞膜片钳技术对大鼠Vme神经元对GABA的反应进行观察；(2)运用Western blotting技术结合图像分析方法观察生后发育过程中Vme神经元内NKCC1和KCC2的表达变化；(3)运用免疫荧光组织化学双重标记技术对生后发育过程中Vme神经元内NKCC1和KCC2与PV之间的共存关系进行了系统观察。

The mPSCs induced by GABA released from the presynaptic boutons could be completely and reversibly blocked by 5μM bicuculline, which is the specific antagonist of GABAA receptor. These results indicate that GABA released from the presynaptic boutons may produce modulatory effects through binding with GABAA receptor on postsynaptic Vme neurons.

以上结果表明：突触前终扣内释放的GABA与分布于突触后的GABAA受体结合从而发挥对Vme神经元的调控作用，GABAA受体激活后，氯离子通道开放，Vme神经元胞体内外氯离子流动构成了GABA对Vme神经元的作用基础。

Pyramidal neurons are generated from cells that migrate radially from the ventricular zone, while interneurons migrate tangentially from ventral ganglionic eminences to the developing cortex.

胚胎皮层神经元主要有两种迁移方式：来源于背侧端脑的锥体神经元主要采用放射状迁移；而来源于腹侧端脑的中间神经元则采用切线方向迁移进入皮层。

This course deals with the specific functions of neurons, the interactions of neurons in development, and the organization of neuronal ensembles to produce behavior.

本课程旨在探讨神经元的特定功能、发育过程中神经元的相互作用和引发行为的神经元集合的组织状态。

Methods Serum NSE and plasma ET-1 levels were dynamically measured with RIA in 32 full ferm neonates with HIE on d1 (24h), d3 and d7 as well as in 30 controls (normal neonates at 24h).

神经元特异性烯醇化酶(NeuronSpecificEnolase，NSE)特异存在于神经元与神经内分泌细胞中，其血清与脑脊液中含量是神经元损伤程度较为敏感的生化指标。

It was observed by Nissl and enzyme histochemistry staining that exogenous GDNF decreased lesion-induced motor neuron death in lateral nucleus of spinal anterior horn and the changes in activity of cholinesterase and acid phosphatase in spinal cord and sensory ganglions.

采用硅管套接大鼠切断的坐骨神经模型，局部给予胶质细胞源性神经营养因子，应用尼氏染色、酶组织化学染色方法，观察到外源性GDNF能减少脊髓修复侧前角运动神经元死亡的数目，降低脊髓前角运动神经元及脊神经节感觉神经元中胆碱酯酶及酸性磷酸酶变化的幅度。

Results: The immunostaining showed that intense FOS-Li and moderate NKR-Li neurons in the superficial laminae of medullae oblongata dorsal horn and their mainly part of the distribution were overlapped. Parts of the distribution of NKR-Li were obviously overlapped by the BSI-B4 labeled primary afferent C fibers and terminals.

结果：再次于形态学上证实了NKR样阳性结构及初级传入C纤维在大鼠延髓内的分布；发现大鼠延髓后角浅层密集分布NKR样阳性结构或BSI-B4标记的C纤维阳性纤维及终末，I、Ⅱ层内可见NKR样阳性神经元、深层偶见NKR样阳性神经元；但其中极少数是c-fos阳性神经元，未发现典型的NKR/FOS双标细胞。

objective the aim of this study is to investigate the expression and the distribution of the nerve growth factor during the period of neural tube development of human embryo.method early development of neural tube was studied in human embryos about 35 gestational days by using immunocytochemical abc technique.result there were ngf immuno-positive substances in the cytoplasm and nuclei of neuroepithelial cells in the ventricular zones of neural tube.in the intermediate zone of neural tube,ngf immunoreactivity was detected in the nuclei of some neurons,or the processes of other neurons which contained no ngf-immunoreactive substances in their nuclei;the expression pattern of ngf in the marginal zone of neural tube was similar to that of the intermediate zone.the density of ngf-immunorecative particles was higher on the rostrum side of neural tube than on the caudal side.the ngf immuno-positive cells were also observed among the somites of embryo under the neural tube.conclusion these results suggest that ngf was an important signal molecule to induce neural tube differentiation,and that ngf may play a significant role in regulation of the biological function of neurons in developing neural tube.

目的 研究捷安肽素的抗真菌作用机理。方法采用形态学方法和同位素标记法。显微形态观察经捷安肽素处理后的供试真菌的形态学变化。进一步采用14c同位素标记的特异底物&尿苷二磷酸-（14c）-葡萄糖&示踪，研究捷安肽素对真菌(1，3)-β-d-葡聚糖合成酶活性反应的影响。结果研究神经生长因子在早期人胚神经管发育过程中的定位表达。方法采用免疫细胞化学 abc法染色，研究35天人胚的发育情况。结果在人胚神经管的室管带中，神经元的细胞质和细胞核ngf免疫反应阳性；在中间带，一部分神经元的细胞核ngf免疫反应阳性，另外一部分神经元的细胞核ngf免疫反应阴性，而其突起ngf免疫反应阳性；在边缘带ngf的表达与中间带相似。在神经管的头侧ngf阳性反应较强，神经管的尾侧ngf阳性反应较弱。结论 ngf在人胚神经管免疫反应阳性，表明ngf可能是诱导神经管分化发育的重要信号分子，提示ngf可能在人胚神经管的发育中具有十分重要的作用。神经生长因子；人胚；神经管；发育

After autologous transplantation of sciatic nerve segments into the retinae of adult golden hamsters for 1-4 months, anterograde and retrograde labelling with horseradish peroxidase demonstrated that ganglion cell axons have regrown into the peripheral nerve graft for a distance up to 2 cm.

移植后的视网膜标记神经元细胞体面积分布直方图表明：具有再生纤维的神经元胞体面积范围除包括正常大小的神经节细胞外，还包括相当多的胞体增大的神经元。

The phrenic nerve discharges were recorded by biopolar silver electrode, and the discharges of respiratory neurons were recorded by extracellular glass microelectrode,so the types of neurons were determined by the phasic relationship between the discharges of respiratory neurons and phrenic nerve efferents.

用双极银丝电极记录膈神经传出放电，用玻璃微电极细胞外记录延髓呼吸相关神经元单位放电，根据神经元放电和膈神经放电的时相关系来确定神经元的性质。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。