神经下的

The motor tracts that that are composed of axons that descend from each primary motor cortex to the ispilateral red nucleus and of axons from each red nucleus that decussate and them descend in the contralateral dorsolateral spinal cord; they control the muscles of the distal limbs.

由起源於初级运动皮质，下传至同侧红核的运动神经元轴突及由红核交叉并下传至对侧的脊髓背侧区所组成的神经径路，其功能为控制远端肢体的肌肉。

Suboccipital retromastoid approach is suitable for giant petroclival meningioma. Total tumor removal should not increase neurological impairment; if radical dissection is impossible, the tumour may be reduced to less than 3 cm in diameter so as to achieve good results of postoperative radio therapy.

枕下乳突后入路手术，在不加重神经功能损伤的前提下，应尽量争取肿瘤全切除；如不能全切除，应缩小瘤体≤3 cm，以利术后放射外科治疗，可能是较为安全有效的治疗方案。

The distance between the point of the inferior laryngeal nerve entering larynx and the inferior corner of thyroid cartilage were measured.

结果：喉下神经入喉点距甲状软骨下角的目的：为提高全喉切除术后用发音管发音重建的成功率提供解剖学基础。

Selective cut of the nerves of the inferior turbinate under the nasal endoscope is feasible.

鼻内镜下选择性地切断支配下鼻甲的神经支配是可行的。

Results: Lateral extradural approach could be used to expose the second and third branches of trigeminal nerve,trigeminal ganglion,posterior vertical segment of the intrapetrosal ICA,abducent nerve and horizontal segment of the intrapetrosal ICA;lateral intradural approach could be used to expose the lateral,anteroinferior and posterosuperior venous spaces,almost all the cranial nerves within the cavernous sinus and horizontal segments of the intracavernous ICA;superior approach could be used to expose the medial,lateral and posterosuperior venous spaces,medial side of the anterior genu,anterior vertical and clinoidal segments of the intracavernous ICA and the lateral side of the hypophysis.

结果：外侧硬膜外入路可用于显露三叉神经第2、3支，三叉神经节，海绵窦内颈内动脉后垂直段，外展神经及岩骨颈内动脉水平段；侧方硬膜下入路可用于显露海绵窦外侧及前下，后上静脉间隙，以及所有走行在海绵窦内的颅神经和海绵窦内颈内动脉水平段；上方入路可用于显露海绵窦内侧、外侧及后上间隙，海绵窦内ICA水平段、前膝、前垂直段及床突段的内侧面，以及垂体的外侧面。

Patients of short disease course and slight symptoms can select acceptable local blockade.It is necessary for patients with severe symptoms and medicine failure to use small knife releasing or operation releasing in direct vision,especially for those with myoatrophy.

病程短、症状轻的患者应首选患者易接受的局部封闭治疗；症状严重且保守治疗无效者，采取小针刀松解或手术直视下神经松解，尤其是伴有肌萎缩者手术直视下松解更有必要。

Then, according to phase space reconstruct technique from one-dimensional and multi-dimensional time series, the quantitative criterion and rule of system chaos which combine neural network, analyses, computations and sort are conducted on EEG signals of five kinds of human consciousness activities. The author finds that statistic results of the determinism computation in time series indicate that chaos characteristic may lie in human consciousness activities, and central tendency measure is consistent with phase graph, so it may become one division way of attractor; approximate entropy of different subjects exists discrepancy; correlation dimension and Lyapunov exponent of different consciousness activities indicate that attractors of human activities are all fractional; nonlinear quantitative criterion and rule, which unites neural network, can distinguish different styles of consciousness activity in principle, and the result of sortation takes on that consciousness activity type of arithmetic is distinguished more easily than that of abstract.

采用一维与多维时间序列相空间重构技术和系统混沌的定量判据准则，结合神经网络，对五种思维作业方式的脑电信号进行了分析、计算与分类，发现确定性计算的统计结果表明人类的意识活动中可能蕴含混沌特性，中心趋向测量(Central Tendency Measure，CTM)与相图吻合较好，可作为EEG吸引子的区分方法之一；功率谱分析反映出单个受试者的各种意识形态的差异很小，但是不同意识活动谱中的活跃频段还是略有差异的；个体之间的近似熵存在差异，同种状态下近似熵大的人可能具有更好的创新性；关联维数和Lyapunov指数的计算结果表明大脑的运动落在具有分维的奇怪吸引子上；非线性量化方法与神经网络相结合，可对人脑思维活动进行较好的分类，并且从分类结果来看数理计算类思维活动较抽象类思维活动有着更好的区分度。

Results The ten specific areas comprising hippocampus, parahippocampal gyrus, entohinal cortex, amygdale, the head of the caudate nucleus, middle temporal gyrus, cingulated gyrus, inferior parietal lobule, insula and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex could completely differentiate AD from normal controls by back-propagation neural network with eighteen training samples.

结果 海马、海马旁回、内嗅皮层、杏仁体、尾状核头部、颞中回、扣带回、顶下小叶、岛叶和前额背外侧区域，在训练样本数为18的情况下，利用神经网络能够达到100%的判别效果。

By transplanting the cells into degenerating retinas, which normally lack this electrical activity in response to light, we could actually record ganglion cell activity.

通过将细胞移植到在正常情况下不会出现电活动的变性视网膜下，我们最终观察到了神经节细胞的电活动。

Improving vertical resolution for density curves is by means of restructuring the response from large and small spacing sondes and borehole effect correction factor and coherence factor are used. Form the principle of GR logging, calculate volumes in investigating areas taken by borehole, formation, up and low shoulder beds, along with distance between center of gravity of the four unit bodies and detector. Based on the above, the weighting function of each unit body to GR signal contributions are established, thus realizing processing of GR logs with high resolution. The resistivity logging model uses "resolution matching" method to improve the resolution of the logs. After the process, PNN model is made to recognize the oil-gas-water bed. Compared with BPNN, the net work is featured swiftness, accuracy and ease of practical application.

提高密度测井曲线垂直分辨率是通过对重新组合长、短源距探测器响应的算法来提高补偿密度曲线的垂直分辨率，并加入井眼影响校正因子和相关性因子；自然伽马测井模型从基本原理出发，扣除井的影响，计算井筒、地层及其上下围岩所占探测球域体积及其重心到探测器的距离，以此建立各单元体对伽马测井信号贡献的权函数，通过权函数逐层计算不同厚度地层条件下各的单元体权因子，实现自然伽马曲线高分辨率处理；电阻率校正模型应用&分配率匹配&模型，应用低分辨率曲线提高为高分辨率曲线：曲线校正后，利用常规测井资料并且结合校正后的密度、伽马、电阻率等三个对判断油水层有利的指标，通过概率神经网络模型识别储层流体性质，较以前的模型，不仅极大的提高识别正确率，同时与普通神经网络相比较，提高了网络的运行速度和实用性。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。