神经

Results: In the period of 1993-2000, there were 1 264 neural tube defects among 1 189 126 total births in 30 counties/cities in China. The overall neural tube defects rate was 10.63 per 10 000 births, and rates were higher (18.99 per 10 000 births) in the year 1993, lower (6.05 per 10 000 births) in 1998. The prevalence rates of anencephaly, spina bifida and encephalocele were 4.71 , 4.39 and 1.53 per 10 000 births respectively.

结果 ：在 1 993～ 2 0 0 0年间，共监测到 1 1 891 2 6个活产儿和死胎、死产儿出生，其中有明确诊断的神经管畸形儿 1 2 6 4例；总出生人群中的神经管畸形率为 1 0 。6 3/ 1 0 0 0 0 ，1 993年的畸形率最高( 1 8.99/ 1 0 0 0 0 )，1 998年最低( 6 。0 5/ 1 0 0 0 0 )；无脑儿、脊柱裂和脑膨出在每 1 0 0 0 0个出生儿中的患病率分别为 4 。71、4 。39和 1 。53。

The overall neural tube defects rate was 10.63 per 10000 births, and rates were higher (18.99 per 10 000 births) in the year 1993, lower (6.05 per 10 000 births) in 1998. The prevalence rates of anencephaly, spina bifida and encephalocele were 4.71,4.39 and 1.53 per 10 000 births respectively.

结果：在1993～2000年间，共监测到1 189 126个活产儿和死胎、死产儿出生，其中有明确诊断的神经管畸形儿1 264例；总出生人群中的神经管畸形率为10.63/10 000，1993年的畸形率最高(18.99/10 000)， 1998年最低(6.05/10 000)；无脑儿、脊柱裂和脑膨出在每10 000个出生儿中的患病率分别为4.71、4.39和1.53。

Anesthesis was performed by interscalene brachial plexus block.the onset and duration of analgesia,the level of block as well as adverse effects were recorded.hr and map were measured before anesthesia,5,10,30 and 60 minates after anesthesia.results:the onset time of block was significantly shorter and shivering was significantly lower in groups two and three as compared with group one.there was significant difference in the duration of anesthesia between group two and group three.

肌间沟法行臂丛神经阻滞，观察阻滞起效时间及持续时间、神经阻滞节断数、术中镇痛质量、不良反应以及注药前、注药后5、10、30、60分时心率和平均动脉压。结果：二、三组麻醉起效时间短于一组（p＜0.05）；麻醉持续时间二、三组长于一组但差异无显著性；二、三组组间比较差异有显著性；各组阻滞节断数、术中牵涉痛发生率、hr及map差异无显著性；一组寒战发生率高于二、三组（p＜0.05）。

Group one received 0.375% bupivacaine;Group two 2.5% chloroprocaine;Group three in which 1:200 000 adrenaline was added to 2.5% chloroprocaine. Anesthesis was performed by interscalene brachial plexus block.The onset and duration of analgesia,the level of block as well as adverse effects were recorded.

肌间沟法行臂丛神经阻滞，观察阻滞起效时间及持续时间、神经阻滞节断数、术中镇痛质量、不良反应以及注药前、注药后5、10、30、60分时心率和平均动脉压。

The typical pathological characteristics of SPTs may result from gradual degenerative changes induced anoxemia in some SPT's areas. The heterogeneity of SPTs on different antibody markers showed that the SPTs may be originated from pancreatic embryonic stem cells, and result from immature differentiation of the pluripotential stem cells during pancreatic genesis.

SPT典型病理特征是由于肿瘤组织不同区域相对缺血、缺氧所造成的退行性变的结果，SPT表达多种组织来源的抗原，反映其可能来源于胰腺干细胞及与其发育密切相关的胚胎神经嵴的神经前体细胞，且在发育过程中发生分化不成熟的结果。

Toosendanin (〓, FW 574, TSN), a triterpenoid derivative, is an active ingredient extracted from the bark of Melia toosendan Seib et Zucc which is used in Chinese traditional medicine as an anthelmintic vermifuge against ascarids. It was demonstrated to be a selective presynaptic blocker in neuromuscular junction and central synapses.

从驱蛔中药楝属植物根皮中提取的三萜化合物川楝素（toosendanin，〓，FW 574，TSN），是一种选择性影响神经递质释放，阻遏神经肌肉和中枢突触传递。。。

objectiveto summarize the clinical effect of repairing soft tissue defects in lower part of shank, the foot, with antidromic island flap providing blood supply by suralis nerver.methodsfrom january to december 2006,there were 10 cases repairing soft tissue defects with antidromic island flap providing blood supply by suralis nerver, including 9 males and 1 females.

目的：初步总结腓肠神经营养血管逆行岛状皮瓣在修复小腿中下段及足部创面的临床效果。方法：2006年1月～12月，我科采用腓肠神经营养血管逆行岛状皮瓣共10例，皮瓣最大面积为18cm×13cm，最小为4.5cm×10cm；其中男9例，女1例。

The biggest area was 18cm×13cm,and the smallest was 4.5cm×10cm.there were 6 cases osteomyelitis with bone exposure,4 cases muscle tendonexposure.donor-area direct suture or plant skin.resultsall flaps survived,several cases flap were fat and clumsy and need make them thin in second intention.conclusionthe clinical result of repairing soft tissue defects in lower part of shank, the foot, with antidromic island flap providing blood supply by suralis nerver is reliable.the operation is sinple, without sacrifice of major arteries, low infection to foot, convenient for application.

其中骨髓炎骨外露6例，肌腱外露4例。供区直接缝合或植中厚皮片。结果：术后皮瓣完全成活，个别病例术后较臃肿，待二期将皮瓣修薄。结论：应用腓肠神经营养血管逆行岛状皮瓣修复小腿中下段及足部创面的临床效果可靠，手术操作简便，不牺牲小腿主要血管神经，对足部影响较小，便于推广开展。

Congenital narrowing of IAC establishes a relative contraindication to cochlear implantation because it is associated with aplasia or hypoplasia of the vestibulocochlear nerve or cochlear branch.

人工耳蜗植入对先天性IAC狭窄来说是一项禁忌，因为它多合并有前庭耳蜗神经或耳蜗神经的发育不全。

In the end, wavelet neural network after being trained is used to approximation of function to performance good

本文提出的遗传算法利用分级染色体对小波神经网络的结构和权值进行编码，遗传算法联合进化规则来构建和训练小波神经网络，同时对网络进行进化。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。