神经

Abstract］ objective to investigate the dorsal nerve amputation of the operation and effectiveness.methods in 2005～2008 years,the use of nerve to cut off the back of the penis for the treatment of patients with primary premature ejaculation of 218 cases,the combination of domestic and foreign information and the patients were reviewed.results with clear,defined diagnosis by indications operation,167 cases had significant effect,36 cases had a turn for the better,efficient rate was 93.12%,15 cases were ineffective,87% partner were satisfied.conclusion the dorsal neurectomy in the clinical practice of the view that the treatment of primary premature ejaculation is safe and effective,the effective rate was 93.12 percent,in the primary treatment of premature ejaculation is effective.

目的 探讨阴茎背神经切断术的手术方法和效果。方法选取我院2005～2008年，采用阴茎背神经切断术治疗原发性早泄病例218例，结合国内外资料及本组病例进行回顾性分析。结果本组病例诊断明确，有确定的手术指征，术后1个月开始过性生活，疗效显著167例，好转36例，有效率93.12%，无效15例，性伴侣满意度87%。结论阴茎背神经切断术经临床实践认为，治疗原发性早泄安全有效，是治疗原发性早泄的有效方法。

Since human's knowledge of real neural system is very limited, the improvement and development of artificial neural network need more detail information from neurophysiology and neuroanatomy.

由于人类对真实神经系统只了解非常有限一部分，人工神经网络的完善与发展有待于神经生理学、神经解剖学的研究给出更加详细的信息和证据。

We review neurophysiological, neurobiological, neuroimaging, and computational studies that support this theory and discuss its implications as well as further issues to be addressed.

我们回顾神经生理学、神经生物学、神经显像和计算机的研究，以支持这个理论并讨论它的应用性，同时也陈述了进一步的议题。

Glia; gliogenesis; glioma; glial cells; central nervous system; CNS; glial progenitor cells; glial fibrillary acidic protein; ependymocytes; ependoma; cytokeratins; vimentin; tanycytes; ion transport; lining cells; cerebrospinal fluid; CSF; ventricular system; floor plate; axon guidance; choroidal cells; choroid plexus epithelium; Chiari malformations; congenital aqueductal stenosis; neuroblast migration disorders; gap junctions

神经胶质；gliogenesis；神经胶质瘤；胶质细胞；中枢神经系统；CNS；神经胶质祖细胞；胶质原纤维酸性蛋白；室管膜细胞；ependoma；细胞角蛋白；波形蛋白；tanycytes；离子转运；衬细胞；脑脊髓液；CSF；脑室系统；底板；；脉络膜细胞；脉络丛上皮；恰里畸形；先天性导水管狭窄；成神经细胞迁徙扰乱；缺隙连接点

Therefore, to enhance endogenous neurogenesis at early stages of neurodegeneration may be a valuable strategy to delay neurodegenerative progress.

因此，在神经退行性变的早期阶段增加内源性神经发生可能会成为延缓神经退行性变的进程的一个有效措施。

In this study, RT-PCR and Western Blotting were performed to quantify the regulation of endogenic nerve growth factor expression in neuroglia cells by HCMV infection. The results showed that basal, endogenous NGF expression in U251 was unchanged during early HCMV infection.

本研究采用RT-PCR和Western Blotting技术，检测正常培养和感染HCMV的神经胶质瘤（U251）细胞NGF的表达，探讨人巨细胞病毒对神经胶质瘤细胞内源性神经生长因子表达的影响。

The pituitary gland consists of neurohypophysis and adenohypophysis. Two types of pituicytes and three types of neurosecretory fibers (A1, A2 and B) have been recognized in neurohypophysis. The neurosecretory terminals contain different diameters and shape of secretory granules.

脑垂体由神经垂体和腺垂体2部分组成神经垂体组织中存在2种类型的脑垂体细胞，并可以区分A1型、A2型和B型3种类型的神经分泌纤维，其终端轴突中具有不同直径和形态的分泌颗粒；B型纤维轴突中含有许多透明小囊泡。

The results were as follows:The pituitary of Long-snout catfish included adenohypophysis and neurohypophysis. The adenohypophysis have six-cell types in common,i.e adrenocorticotro-phs,lactot-rophs,somatotrophs,gonadotrophs, thyrotrophs, and Melanotroph cells. In neurohypophysis, there were three types of neurosecretory fibres, types A1,A2 and B.There were different typesgranules in type A neurosecretory fibres axone.In type B neurosecretory fibres axone, there were many small transparent vesicles.

结果表明：长吻魷脑垂体包括腺垂体和神经垂体两个部分，腺垂体组织中有六种分泌细胞即促肾上腺皮质激素分泌细胞、催乳激素分泌细胞、生长激素分泌细胞、促性腺激素分泌细胞、促甲状腺激素分泌细胞、促黑色素细胞刺激激素分泌细胞；神经垂体组织中存在A型(A_1、A_2)和B型神经分泌纤维，A型分泌纤维轴突中具有不同类型的分泌颗粒，B型分泌纤维轴突中含有许多透明小囊泡。

The results were as follows: The pituitary of Long-snout catfish included adenohypophysis and neurohypophysis. The adenohypophysis have six-cell types in common,i.e adrenocorticotro-phs,lactot-rophs,somatotrophs,gonadotrophs, thyrotrophs, and Melanotroph cells. In neurohypophysis, there were three types of neurosecretory fibres, types A1,A2 and B.There were different types'granules in type A neurosecretory fibres axone.In type B neurosecretory fibres axone, there were many small transparent vesicles.

结果表明：长吻魷脑垂体包括腺垂体和神经垂体两个部分，腺垂体组织中有六种分泌细胞即促肾上腺皮质激素分泌细胞、催乳激素分泌细胞、生长激素分泌细胞、促性腺激素分泌细胞、促甲状腺激素分泌细胞、促黑色素细胞刺激激素分泌细胞；神经垂体组织中存在A型(A_1、A_2)和B型神经分泌纤维，A型分泌纤维轴突中具有不同类型的分泌颗粒，B型分泌纤维轴突中含有许多透明小囊泡。

Neurological status on admission was as follows: spinal cord and nerve root lesion in 5 cases, nerve root lesion alone in 5 cases and neurologically intact in 2 cases.

入院时检查有脊髓和神经根症状5例，仅有神经根症状5例，无脊髓和神经根症状2例。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。