祖先的

During the postgenomics era the information about genomic sequence and gene functions provides a new foundation for evolutionary biology and ecology As the first whole-genome sequenced plant Arabidopsis thaliana and its wild relatives have played a critical role in understanding the evolution of genomics and speciation Both A halleri and A lyrata are closely related to the model species A thaliana A halleri ssp gemmifera occurs in northeastern China Japan and Taiwan; while its sister A halleri ssp halleri is mainly distributed in Europe Geographical barriers such as Tienshan Mountain Range isolate these intraspecific sisters Likewise A lyrata ssp kamchatica and ssp lyrata occur in East Asia and North America respectively Such distribution patterns seem to be consistent with allopartic speciation The comparison between ancestral and extant polymorphism by multilocus can be informative about the population genetics of speciation In this study we collected and analyzed DNA sequences of 98 genes from four wild relatives of A thaliana A halleri ssp gemmifera A halleri ssp halleri A lyrata ssp kamchatica and A lyrata ssp lyrata The ancestral states of these four species were compared to each other in terms of level of genetic variation However the ancestral species at the time of speciation were substantially more polymorphic than the extant geographical populations The observations are not fully compatible with speciation by strict allopatry At some species pairs parapatric speciation seems more reasonable in speciation of Arabidopsis The 98 gene sequences are also used for the congruence test between gene genealogy and species phylogeny Only 28 genes support the species phylogeny but there are 23 genes supports another major genealogy { lyrata} thaliana Based on the phylogenetic position change of A lyrata ssp kamchatica and Ks value for each species pair suggested the recent directional gene flow between A halleri ssp gemmifera and A lyrata ssp kamchatica

阿拉伯芥是第一个完成基因体定序的开花植物，其基因体资讯提供植物学研究的重要依据；在解析阿拉伯芥属物种的亲缘关系以及种化机制等重要的演化议题时，阿拉伯芥近缘的野生物种自然成了不可或缺的关键；跟阿拉伯芥近缘的物种包括A halleri及A lyrata，其中A halleri ssp gemmifera主要分布於中国东北、日本以及台湾，与近缘的A halleri ssp halleri其分布於欧洲隔著天山及大陆的障蔽，而A lyrata ssp kamchatica主要分布於东北亚及台湾，与分布於北美五大湖的A lyrata ssp lyrata被北极圈所分隔，这样的分布模式暗示异域种化的可能。藉由多基因分析比较祖先物种与现生物种遗传歧异度的相关可提供讯息探讨种化时期的族群遗传结构，本研究针对A halleri ssp gemmifera、A halleri ssp halleri及A lyrata ssp kamchatica、A lyrata ssp lyrata四个物种，两对互为亚种的姊妹群，以阿拉伯芥为外群进行研究，在四个物种完成98个同源基因的分子序列，利用套装软体MCMCcoal来估算祖先物种的遗传变异，亦估算现生物种的核苷酸歧异度，观察到？多物种配对中祖先物种遗传多型性大於现生物种DNA歧异度，显示异域种化模型并无法完全解释阿拉伯芥属物种的种化模式，在某些物种配对间邻域种化模式应比异域种化更为可能；在基因树与物种树的比较，98个基因片段的亲缘模式只有28个是与已知物种树一致的，有23个基因其树状图支持{ lyrata} thaliana的型式，藉由kamchatica位置的变化以及估算各物种配对间的平均同义置换率，推测在A halleri ssp gemmifera与A lyrata ssp kamchatica间具有近代的单方向基因交流。

Both buttercup and butterfly trace their origins to a common ancestral disturbance, a shared impossibility we call life.

金凤花和蝴蝶都产生于一个共同的祖先，由于其祖先在进化过程中受到干扰，就产生了金凤花和蝴蝶。

Initiates therefore may learn to become cognisant of those in one's current life experience that hold holographic predisposition to the Anu, as one may well have lost information unto such individuals and their ancestors over time or throughout one's ancestry.

因此提升者可学会认知到自身当前生命经历中的那些持有Anu全息预设者，因为你可能会随时间或贯穿祖先史而丧失信息给这类个人及其祖先。

Like his forefather Benny had the ability to foresee the future.

像他的祖先祖先一样，本尼有能力预知预知将来。

The Hawaiian Ancestors and all ancestors are here for you to call upon.

夏威夷祖先以及所有祖先，都在这里等候你的召唤。

So it was suggested that the Miocene ape superfamily members and the common ancestor of apes, but which one is actually person's ancestors, which is something the current health ape ancestors, but also can not be determined.

于是有人提出中新世的人猿超科成员是人和猿的共同祖先，但究竟哪一种是人的祖先，哪一种是某种现生猿的祖先，还无法确定。

Software on the horoscopes of the procedure are as follows : 8th Grand Canal, the element score and the preference for God, said kurung life, ancient poems on life Stephen poor coin and three fate will be made on life, the life of uncertainty, life major hurdle, Guiguzi On life unfulfilled by the theory of life, life on dry days, On the date when the mission acquired remedies, character, marriage, siblings, children,'s impossible for the astrologer, fame career, health status, ancestral parents, 80 Bradley leg.

软件的程序如下：8大运河，元素得分占星和上帝的偏爱，说库伦格生活，生命的古诗词斯蒂芬穷人命运的硬币和三将一生的，不确定的生活，生活主要障碍，在生活的生命理论，在干燥的日子生命兑现鬼谷子之日，当团购置的占星家，名利的职业，健康状况，祖先的补救办法，性格，婚姻，兄弟姐妹，子女，的父母不可能80布拉德利腿。

Each has karma for these types of experiences in one's ancestry; some ancestors were the leaders, others the soldiers, and yet others the terrorists; many ancestors were the wives, mothers, fathers or children that lost a loved one in the dance of war; and many ancestors were the victims of war.

每个人都在祖先史中有这类经历的业力。有些祖先是领导人，有些祖先是士兵，还有些祖先是恐怖分子，另有许多祖先是在战争舞蹈中丧失了一名至爱者的妻子、母亲、父亲或孩子，也有许多祖先是战争的受害者。

Each has karma for these types of experiences in one's ancestry; some ancestors were the leaders, others the soldiers, and yet others the terrorists; many ancestors were the wives, mothers, fathers or children that lost a loved one in the dance of war; and many ancestors were the victims of war.

有些祖先是领导人，有些祖先是士兵，还有些祖先是恐怖分子，另有许多祖先是在战争舞蹈中丧失了一名至爱者的妻子、母亲、父亲或孩子，也有许多祖先是战争的受害者。

By means of Hua, filial duty is assimilated into the ceremony of ancestor worship, enabling the ceremony to bear the function of filial education; by means of cultivation, the individual gains the filial concept and behavior; the blood ties will be sustained and the unity and identification of the family members will be strengthened in the way of converting filial duty into the love, the respectfulness, the support and the worship to parents and the activities of repairing the clan temple and continuing the family tree. Finally, filial duty coming into the different forms of reading, playing and writing scripture finishes the entire society\'s integration and sustains the social stability.4. It is because the Bai People group passes on the filial duty in the principle of Cheng that the filial duty still has an effect on the individual, the family and the society.

通过&化&，孝道融入了祭祀祖先的仪式中，使该仪式具备了孝道教育的功能：通过&化&，个体获得了孝道的观念和行为；将&孝道&化为对父母的爱、敬、养、祭，以及修祠、续谱的活动中，就可以稳固血缘家庭关系，增强宗族成员彼此之间的认同、团结和凝集力；最后，孝道&化&到莲池会的诵经、洞经会的谈经和圣谕堂的写经活动中，完成了对整个社会的整合，维持了社会的稳定。4、孝道之所以仍旧在白族的个体、家庭、社会中发挥作用，是因为他们在传承孝道时，本着&诚&的原则。

This one mode pays close attention to network credence foundation of the businessman very much.

这一模式非常关注商人的网络信用基础。

Cell morphology of bacterial ghost of Pasteurella multocida was observed by scanning electron microscopy and inactivation ratio was estimated by CFU analysi.

扫描电镜观察多杀性巴氏杆菌细菌幽灵和菌落形成单位评价遗传灭活率。