祖先

Ancestor worship is also near universal, with small shrines to a family's forbears adorning many homes.

对祖先的膜拜几乎也是普世性的。许多人的家里也都放了小小的神龛祭奠家里的祖先。

During the postgenomics era the information about genomic sequence and gene functions provides a new foundation for evolutionary biology and ecology As the first whole-genome sequenced plant Arabidopsis thaliana and its wild relatives have played a critical role in understanding the evolution of genomics and speciation Both A halleri and A lyrata are closely related to the model species A thaliana A halleri ssp gemmifera occurs in northeastern China Japan and Taiwan; while its sister A halleri ssp halleri is mainly distributed in Europe Geographical barriers such as Tienshan Mountain Range isolate these intraspecific sisters Likewise A lyrata ssp kamchatica and ssp lyrata occur in East Asia and North America respectively Such distribution patterns seem to be consistent with allopartic speciation The comparison between ancestral and extant polymorphism by multilocus can be informative about the population genetics of speciation In this study we collected and analyzed DNA sequences of 98 genes from four wild relatives of A thaliana A halleri ssp gemmifera A halleri ssp halleri A lyrata ssp kamchatica and A lyrata ssp lyrata The ancestral states of these four species were compared to each other in terms of level of genetic variation However the ancestral species at the time of speciation were substantially more polymorphic than the extant geographical populations The observations are not fully compatible with speciation by strict allopatry At some species pairs parapatric speciation seems more reasonable in speciation of Arabidopsis The 98 gene sequences are also used for the congruence test between gene genealogy and species phylogeny Only 28 genes support the species phylogeny but there are 23 genes supports another major genealogy { lyrata} thaliana Based on the phylogenetic position change of A lyrata ssp kamchatica and Ks value for each species pair suggested the recent directional gene flow between A halleri ssp gemmifera and A lyrata ssp kamchatica

阿拉伯芥是第一个完成基因体定序的开花植物，其基因体资讯提供植物学研究的重要依据；在解析阿拉伯芥属物种的亲缘关系以及种化机制等重要的演化议题时，阿拉伯芥近缘的野生物种自然成了不可或缺的关键；跟阿拉伯芥近缘的物种包括A halleri及A lyrata，其中A halleri ssp gemmifera主要分布於中国东北、日本以及台湾，与近缘的A halleri ssp halleri其分布於欧洲隔著天山及大陆的障蔽，而A lyrata ssp kamchatica主要分布於东北亚及台湾，与分布於北美五大湖的A lyrata ssp lyrata被北极圈所分隔，这样的分布模式暗示异域种化的可能。藉由多基因分析比较祖先物种与现生物种遗传歧异度的相关可提供讯息探讨种化时期的族群遗传结构，本研究针对A halleri ssp gemmifera、A halleri ssp halleri及A lyrata ssp kamchatica、A lyrata ssp lyrata四个物种，两对互为亚种的姊妹群，以阿拉伯芥为外群进行研究，在四个物种完成98个同源基因的分子序列，利用套装软体MCMCcoal来估算祖先物种的遗传变异，亦估算现生物种的核苷酸歧异度，观察到？多物种配对中祖先物种遗传多型性大於现生物种DNA歧异度，显示异域种化模型并无法完全解释阿拉伯芥属物种的种化模式，在某些物种配对间邻域种化模式应比异域种化更为可能；在基因树与物种树的比较，98个基因片段的亲缘模式只有28个是与已知物种树一致的，有23个基因其树状图支持{ lyrata} thaliana的型式，藉由kamchatica位置的变化以及估算各物种配对间的平均同义置换率，推测在A halleri ssp gemmifera与A lyrata ssp kamchatica间具有近代的单方向基因交流。

She thinks that you should enter the trunk and meet with her elfin ancestor who may be responsible for the whole situation.

精灵认为是她的祖先在作怪，让你进入树干去找她的祖先，并给了你一把曾经属于她祖先的笛子

She thinks that you should enter the trunk and meet with her ancestor who elfin ancestor, may be responsible for the whole situation.

精灵认为是她的祖先在作怪，让你进入树干去找她的祖先，并给了你一把曾经属于她祖先的笛子

So it was suggested that the Miocene ape superfamily members and the common ancestor of apes, but which one is actually person's ancestors, which is something the current health ape ancestors, but also can not be determined.

于是有人提出中新世的人猿超科成员是人和猿的共同祖先，但究竟哪一种是人的祖先，哪一种是某种现生猿的祖先，还无法确定。

CEREMONIAL SWIM \ 祭奠祖先 Hindu men performed "Pind Daan" rituals for their ancestors' souls in the River Ganges in Allahabad, India, Wednesday.

周三，在印度的阿拉哈巴德，人们在恒河里举行名为&Pind Daan&的宗教仪式以纪念祖先的灵魂。

Each has karma for these types of experiences in one's ancestry; some ancestors were the leaders, others the soldiers, and yet others the terrorists; many ancestors were the wives, mothers, fathers or children that lost a loved one in the dance of war; and many ancestors were the victims of war.

每个人都在祖先史中有这类经历的业力。有些祖先是领导人，有些祖先是士兵，还有些祖先是恐怖分子，另有许多祖先是在战争舞蹈中丧失了一名至爱者的妻子、母亲、父亲或孩子，也有许多祖先是战争的受害者。

Each has karma for these types of experiences in one's ancestry; some ancestors were the leaders, others the soldiers, and yet others the terrorists; many ancestors were the wives, mothers, fathers or children that lost a loved one in the dance of war; and many ancestors were the victims of war.

有些祖先是领导人，有些祖先是士兵，还有些祖先是恐怖分子，另有许多祖先是在战争舞蹈中丧失了一名至爱者的妻子、母亲、父亲或孩子，也有许多祖先是战争的受害者。

That the beautiful and enchanting island of Bangka was nourished by the blood and tears of my ancestor.

我含着眼泪来回忆以上的历史事实，就是要告诉总统阁下，邦加这个美丽、迷人的原始小海岛，那里有着我祖先的辛酸泪、血汗史，埋葬着我祖先的骸骨和忠魂，更有我祖先开天辟地所创立的丰碑。

The tearful account above serves to tell Your Excellency that the beautiful and enchanting island of Bangka was nourished by the blood and tears of my ancestor.

我含着眼泪来回忆以上的历史事实，就是要告诉总统阁下，邦加这个美丽、迷人的原始小海岛，那里有着我祖先的辛酸泪、血汗史，埋葬着我祖先的骸骨和忠魂，更有我祖先开天辟地所创立的丰碑。

By the time of its fall, most of the prisoners were writers who had written against the corruptions of the government.

到它被攻陷的时候，里面多数的犯人是写了反对政府贪污文章的作家。

The most obvious variation to ovum morphological character was that the color was changed from light green to sepiaceous in embryonic development, and all the ovums were almost hatched after 96h.

在胚胎发育过程中卵的形态特征最明显的变化是颜色从淡绿到深褐色，卵在发育96h后卵基本全部孵化。