社会进化的

There are many men who are shorter than the average woman, and there are many women who are taller than the average man, but these exceptions do not make the generalization untrue. Men on average are taller than women in every human society (and, by the way, there are evolutionary psychological explanations for this phenomenon, known as the sexual dimorphism in size, but that's perhaps for a future post).

有很多男人比一般女子要矮，也有很多女人比一般男子要高，但这些例外都不会导致这个结论的错误，在任何人类社会中男人的平均身高都比女人要高（顺便一提，对于这种现象有着进化心理学上的解释，叫做身材上的两性异形，但这也许是以后的话题了）。

To explore and explain fascination's irresistible influence, Sally Hogshead looks beyond marketing, delving into behavioral and social studies, historical precedents, neurobiology and evolutionary anthropology, as well as conducting in-depth interviews and a national study of a thousand consumers, to emerge with deeply rooted patterns for why, and how, we become captivated.

为探索和解释的魅力的不可抗拒的影响，莎莉霍格斯黑德超越市场期待，钻研到行为和社会研究，历史先例，神经生物学和进化人类学，以及进行深入访谈和一千消费者全国性研究，出现与深为什么，以及如何，我们成为根深蒂固的模式迷住。

In the early 1900 s in North America, German-born American anthropologist Franz Boas developed a new theory of culture known as historical particularism.

博厄斯认为，任何社会的文化必须被理解为源自一种独特历史，而不是许多文化属于的一个更广泛的文化进化阶段或文化类型的一种。

In the early 1900s in North America, Germanborn American anthropologist Franz Boas developed a new theory of culture known as historical particularism.

博厄斯认为，任何社会的文化必须被理解为源自一种独特历史，而不是许多文化属于的一个更广泛的文化进化阶段或文化类型的一种。

Firstly, by defining the basic content of economy sustainable development of mineral resource cities, it pointed out that economy sustainable development of mineral resource cities is the sustainable and tuneful evolution of inside economy system and outside resource, environment and society of mineral resource cities.

在此体系指导下重点对下述三个问题进行了深入研究：首先，从基础理论研究的角度对矿业资源城市经济可持续发展的内涵和基本内容进行界定，指出矿业资源城市经济可持续发展是矿业资源城市内部经济系统与外部的资源、环境、社会的持续和谐进化。

Boas felt that the culture of any society must be understood as the result of a unique history and not as one of many cultures belonging to a broader evolutionary stage or type of culture.

博厄斯认为，任何社会的文化必须被理解为源自一种独特历史，而不是许多文化属于的一个更广泛的文化进化阶段或文化类型的一种。

For Tomasello, human social learning—the kind of learning that distinguishes humans from other primates and that played a decisive role in human evolution—is based on two elements: first, what he calls "imitative learning,"(as opposed to "emulative learning" characteristic of other primates) and second, the fact that humans represent their experiences symbolically (rather than iconically, as is characteristic of other primates).

对托马塞洛来说，人类的社会习得（这种学习能力使人类有别于其他灵长类并在进化中扮演了决定性的因素）基于两个原理：第一是模仿学习（相对于其他灵长类的竞争学习）；第二是抽象表达—人类能象征性表达他们的经验（相对于其他灵长类的形象表达）。

By side-stepping the genocidal explanations that underlie the classical theory of group selection, Dr Dunbar thinks he has come up with an explanation that accounts for music's socially binding qualities without stretching the limits of evolutionary theory.

避开群体选择经典理论的种族灭绝解释后Dunbar博士认为他获得了一个能够来即能解释为什么音乐的社会团结性又能不违背进化理论的一个解释。

I believe language should also be studied in the behaviourist and evolutionary context, i.e. with respect to the environment and goals to achieve, and as an emergent social phenomenon increasing the chances of survival of its speakers.

我认为，语言应该联系行为学和进化背景加以研究，即结合环境和要实现的目标的前提下进行研究；而且把它看作一种能增加其使用者生存机会的自然社会现象来研究。

China is the birthplace of artificial soil technology which, like the five world inventions, has universal significance and profound connotation and it will influence permanently human society, natural world, economical activity, astronavigation, evolution of creature and so on .

中国是人造土壤技术的发祥地，人造土壤技术与已往的世界5个有决定意义的发明一样，具有普遍意义和深远内涵，它将长久地影响着人类社会、自然界、经济活动、宇宙航行、生物进化等方方面面。

But we don't care about Battlegrounds.

但我们并不在乎沙场中的显露。

Ah! don't mention it, the butcher's shop is a horror.

啊！不用提了。提到肉，真是糟透了。