社会经济学的

The most frequent fallacy by far today, the fallacy that emerges again and again in nearly every conversation that touches on economic affairs, the error of a thousand political speeches, the central sophism of the new economics, is to concentrate on the 11 short-run effects of policies on special groups and to ignore or belittle the long-run effects on the community as a whole.

当 今最为盛行的那些谬误，在涉及经济事务的每次探讨中反反复复暴露出来的那些谬误，无数政治演讲中的错误，以及新经济学中核心的似是而非的论点，便是只重视政策对于特殊集团产生的短期效果，而忽略或淡化其对整个社会的长远影响。

Topics in this year's conference will range from national affairs and security to social welfare and economics; from Jewish education to Aliyah; from Israel's status as a Jewish State to its functional relationship with its neighbors and the world's nations.

话题，在今年的会议上，将范围从全国和安全事务，以社会福利和经济学；犹太教育aliyah ；来自以色列的地位，作为一个犹太国家，以它的功能性与它的邻国和世界的国家。

Topics in this year's conference will range from national affairs and security to social welfare and economics; from Jewish education to Aliyah; from Israel's status as a Jewish State to its functional relationship with its neighbors and the world's nations.

话题在今年的会议将范围从国家和安全事务，以社会福利和经济学；犹太教育aliyah ；从以色列的地位，作为一个犹太国家，以它的功能性的关系，与邻国和世界各国的。

As part of this exploration, I distinguish two approaches to statistical analysis (emanating from the two main philosophical views of science): Gaussian or typological thinking, and Galtonian or population thinking I examine in detail Duncan's views of quantitative reasoning in the social sciences, particularly his opinions on social measurement, path analysis, structural modeling, econometrics, and the Rasch model.

作为分析的一部分，我将对统计分析的两种方法加以区分（起源于两种主要的有关科学的哲学视角）：高斯或类型逻辑思维和加尔顿或总体逻辑思维，并进一步对邓肯在社会科学中的量化推理视角进行细致讨论，特别是他对于社会测量、路径分析、结构模型、计量经济学和Rasch模型的看法。本文的一个重要主题就在于O.D。

Synthesizing some study fruits of population migration and different research methods, it also brings forward a interdisciplinary theory perspective for the study of migration behavior from such four levels as the conception hypothesis, inchoation, context and time dimension of migration behavior.

社会理论中，理解的功能是回答为什么存在这样一种关系的问题。充分的理解需要整合不同的分析层次。关于分析层次，林得伯格[2]-[3]提出了学科的&分析首位&的概念：理论首位和分析首位。他认为，在社会学和微观经济学中，分析首位在宏观层次，而理论首位在微观层次。

We should say that, many social science (such as economics, political science, jurisprudence management, etc) do not face human's nature, for example, economic management emphasize the interest in economy and considers people as an objective power to develop economy and the object to be controlled and jurisprudence on the one hand, emphasizes social order and on the other hand, it take people as "jurally people" to comprehend.

应当说，在进人现代以后相当一个时期里，许多社会科学（如经济学、政治学、法律学、管理学等）是不直接面向人类的性质的，例如，经济管理学强调的是经济效益，把人当做发展经济的客观力量和控制对象，法律学则一面强调社会秩序，一面把人仅仅作为&法律的人&来理解，等等。

The natural resource factors and their efficiency in theess of China's economy growth are examined and a conservation for China's resource growth is conceptualized and discussed.

本书作者在这个浩瀚的领域里选择自然资源的效率问题进行研究，无论是对于经济学理论研究的深入和拓展，还是对我国正在进行的现代化建设和和谐社会的构建，都具有重要理论意义和实践意义。

After that, the process and method of life-cycle design are studied according to the process of green product life-cycle and the priority strategies of life-cycle design are concluded as a whole. In chapter 4, argues that Clean Production Technology conciliates social economy development and environment protection on the basis of relationship analysis among society economy, environment and clean production technology from the perspective of modern Eco-economics. It is proposed that resources cost should be equal to marginal opportunity cost from the point of sustainable development.

第四章从现代环境经济学和可持续发展观点出发，深入地分析了社会经济、环境和清洁化生产技术之间的关系，并从可持续发展角度出发阐释了以边际机会成本作为资源成本的原由及构成；在此基础上，采用数学方法分析了企业清洁化生产的过程，推导了企业清洁化生产资源边际机会成本最小化的约束条件，并研究了企业清洁化生产的技术、经济、环境数学模型。

Based on property rights theory, transaction cost theory and social system theory, the paper puts forth a humanity hypothesis that principals are "limited, rational, realistic persons", which is the basic logical starting point of the research. The paper relocates the managerial roles of principals of the private education bloc under special circumstances, and raises three bases of the managerial role and the task of the three roles as school managers.

本文以新制度经济学中产权理论和交易费用理论以及社会系统理论为理论基础，提出了校长作为&有限理性现实人&的人性假设，以此作为本研究的逻辑起点，在民办教育集团这一特殊的情境中对校长的经营角色进行重新定位，提出了校长经营学校的三个角色依据和其作为学校经营者的三种角色任务。

We mainly employ the theory of new institutionaleconomics to testify the objectivity and protracted nature of the institutionalevolution and the significant meanings to China's economic reform. We alsoemploy Berkson-samuelson's social welfare function to testify the existence ofoptimal tax reform, and with improving Hettich-Winer's tax model, we putforward the route choice for the optimal tax reform.

主要用新制度经济学理论论证了制度变迁的客观性、长期性及对中国经济改革的重要意义，用柏格逊--萨缪尔森型社会福利函数论证了最优税制改革的存在性定理，借鉴和改善赫蒂奇和温纳的税制模型提出了最优税制改革的路径选择，同时介绍和评价了公平课税论、最适课税论和财政交换论，为深化我国税制改革奠定了理论基础。

Breath, muscle contraction of the buttocks; arch body, as far as possible to hold his head, right leg straight towards the ceiling (peg-leg knee in order to avoid muscle tension).

呼气，收缩臀部肌肉；拱起身体，尽量抬起头来，右腿伸直朝向天花板（膝微屈，以避免肌肉紧张）。

The cost of moving grain food products was unchanged from May, but year over year are up 8%.

粮食产品的运输费用与5月份相比没有变化，但却比去年同期高8％。