社会经济地位

In the chapter one ----introduction, based on examining the concept of distribution in different point of view, author studied the legal definition of distribution and point out that distributive relation is a kind of social relation between distributive subject and distributive accepter and among them because of dividing and allocation.

导论部分，笔者从剖析分配在现象形态、经济流程和配置格局或结果等方面的表现，在宏观和微观的经济运行、社会再生产过程中的地位和作用以及与社会生产关系的联系等不同侧面所具有的丰富经济内涵入手，详细分析了分配关系的法律意义。

In experience analysis, giving actual rural-urban inequality as the jumping-off place, points out that our country have clear dual-economic and social struction characteristic, and analyze the reasons for which dual-economic and social struction is formed and retained; rural modernization is key to our countrys modernization for the following aspects,on the one hand, the problem of the farmer and rural and agriculture have strategic position and role, on the other hand, rural is the focus of a series of realistic problems; I closely grasp three mainlines of rural modernization, namely agriculture modernization and rural industrialization and rural-to-urban population migrants , we could make them united organically and make a research for them relatedly and discriminatingly, then some policy recommendations are offered.

在实证分析方面，以我国农村经济为研究对象，从现实的城乡差别入手，指出我国具有鲜明的二元经济社会特征，分析二元经济社会得以形成并维持的原因；从"三农"问题的地位与作用以及农村是一系列现实问题的焦点两个方面，论述农村经济现代化是中国现代化的关键；紧紧抓住农村经济现代化的三条主线，即农业现代化、农村工业化和农村人口城镇化，把三者内在、有机地结合起来，既有联系又有区别地进行研究，提出有针对性的对策建议。

Family violence is not a phenomenon that has no relation to society but a faithful representation of womens social situation.

家庭暴力不是与妇女地位毫无关系的社会现象，而是妇女地位的一种最直观的反映，是妇女在家庭、社会的政治、经济、文化等方面与男性不平等的最集中的反映。

Family violence is not a phenomenon that has no relation to society but a faithful representation of women's social situation. It is also the concentrative reflection of unequality between the sexes in family, society, politics, economy, culture and so on.

家庭暴力不是与妇女地位毫无关系的社会现象，而是妇女地位的一种最直观的反映，是妇女在家庭、社会的政治、经济、文化等方面与男性不平等的最集中的反映。

Therefore, in order to achieve the increasing of rural economy of Gansu, it is important to take the women as the first role, to improve their status and function and accomplish the benign interactivity between the economic increasing and improvement of rural women's status and function, as it is not only the key of accelerating the modernization of country and agriculture, but also the sticking point of breaking through the rattrap of Gansu's agriculture and the developing of rural society.

因此，甘肃省农村经济增长必须以农村妇女为本，提高农村妇女的地位和作用，实现经济增长与农村妇女地位和作用提高之间的良性互动，既是促进农村与农村现代化的关键，又是目前突破甘肃农业与农村社会发展困境的当务之急。

In the background dependence of political civilization,from the mercy and bounty of governor to the enjoyment and request of own rights embodies the efforts and struggles of the proletariat in order to constitute the socail assistance legal institutions,which offers the room of political system where the social assistance legal institutions are able to exist and develop and strengthen;In the background dependence of economic system,the simple truth which the economic foundation determines the superstructure exerts its advancing logic concretely and really,where the gap between the poor and the rich will be widened continuely in the condition of market economy,and the dependence on the social assistance legal institutions for the poor will be more rainforced,and the request of rights for social assistance will become intense increasingly;In the background dependence of cultural tradition,the relief ideology such as Great Harmony Society,the ideality of equal wealth and the pursuit of the idea that those who have no kin and cann't support themselves can all be cultivated and so on which goes back to ancient times has been depositted into a luscious cultural tradition and Confucianism allegates implementing the humanity politics and sparkplugs cultivating and compensating people,which results in the thoughts of taking civilian as the foundation that occupy the inrooted station in Chinese culture,and the arrangements of social assistance legal institutions response the continue of renation in Chinese traditional culture;In the background dependence of internationalization,the ideaistic assimilation and the spread of arterial values quicken the speed of civilized fusion,and the social assistance legal institutions should response positively the relative legislative concept and methods which the world has achieved the common understanding on the base of using initialively the legislative experiences in the developed country and the ones where the relative institutions reach a better performance for reference.

政治文明背景依赖方面，由统治者怜悯、恩赐到自己权利的享有和诉求，本身就体现出无产阶级为建立社会救助法律制度所付出的努力和奋斗，因此社会救助法律制度完全具有自己存在、发展和壮大的政治体制空间；经济体制背景依赖方面，经济基础决定上层建筑的朴实真理具体而实在地发挥着自己的演进逻辑，市场经济条件下贫富差距会继续扩大，贫困居民对社会救助法律制度的依赖会进一步加强，其社会救助权诉求也将会变得日益强烈；文化传统背景依赖方面，大同社会、均贫富理想、鳏寡孤独废疾者皆有所养的追求等中国源源流长的救济思想都已经沉淀为一种浓厚的文化传统，儒家思想主张实施仁政，倡导养民、恤民，民本思想在中国文化中占据着根深蒂固的地位，社会救助法律制度安排回应了中国传统文化脉络的延续；国际化背景依赖方面，观念的同化和主流价值观的流播，使文明的互融速度加快，社会救助法律制度需要主动借鉴发达国家以及相关制度具有较好绩效国家的立法经验，积极回应全球已达成共识的社会救助立法理念和方法。

To achieve these goals, the following actions must be taken.First,the vertical and horizontal connection of city planning must be strengthened;balance be made between market system and local governments in allocating materials;cooperating systems between city governments be intensified;in order to guarantee the balance between internal structures of urban systems.Second,the stability of agricultural production and provisionment must be guaranteed;rural integration be accelerated;system of land transfer be reformed;rural citizens be given equal status in participating urban development and sharing the fruit of urban development;in order to guarantee the balance between rural and urban development.Third,supervision of upper governments must be strengthened;the "personal rationality" of local governments(the choice of short-term benefits for local area) be restrained and local governments be stimulated to bring into play "collective rationality"; scientific development patterns in active improvement of urban quality and steady enlargement of urban size be insisted;in order to guarantee the balance between urban and economic development,and the balance between improvement of urban quality and enlargement of urban size.Last but not the least,considering the crucial status of urban social development in deciding the socialist direction of urbanization of our country,it\'s essential that social development be made a political responsibility of local governments in order to guarantee the balance between the social and economic development of cities.

为此，应当加强城市规划的纵向与横向衔接，平衡市场机制与地方政府这两只手的资源配置功能，强化地方政府问的合作机制，确保城市体系内在结构的均衡；保证农业生产稳定与粮食供应，加快农村整合，改革土地流转制度，确立农民参与城镇发展的平等地位，合理分享城镇发展成果，实施拖腿扩门并举战略，确保农村发展与城镇发展的均衡；加强上级政府监管，抑制各级地方政府的&个人理性&，促使其更多地发挥出&集体理性&，坚持积极提升城市质量、稳妥扩张城市规模的科学发展模式，确保城市发展与经济发展、城市质量提升与规模扩张的均衡；城市社会发展事关我国城镇化的社会主义方向，要把社会发展作为地方政府无可旁贷的政治责任，才能确保城市社会发展与经济发展的均衡。

In experience analysis, giving actual rural-urban inequality as the jumping-off place, points out that our country have clear dual-economic and social struction characteristic, and analyze the reasons for which dual-economic and social struction is formed and retained; rural modernization is key to our countrys modernization for the following aspects,on the one hand, the problem of the farmer and rural and agriculture have strategic position and role, on the other hand, rural is the focus of a series of realistic problems; I closely grasp three mainlines of rural modernization, namely agriculture modernization and rural industrialization and rural-to-urban population migrants , we could make them united organically and make a research for them relatedly and discriminatingly, then some policy recommendations are offered.

在实证分析方面，以我国农村经济为研究对象，从现实的城乡差别入手，指出我国具有鲜明的二元经济社会特征，分析二元经济社会得以形成并维持的原因；从&三农&问题的地位与作用以及农村是一系列现实问题的焦点两个方面，论述农村经济现代化是中国现代化的关键；紧紧抓住农村经济现代化的三条主线，即农业现代化、农村工业化和农村人口城镇化，把三者内在、有机地结合起来，既有联系又有区别地进行研究，提出有针对性的对策建议。

The paper also points out that, modern logistics can restructure and upgrade the regional industries by means of the effect of industrial relevancy when it serves for the social production and residents living, engenders new industries and enhances the internal proportions of the third industry. By integrating related functional operations, modern logistics is able to change the links between the knots and lines from random and loose connection to a kind of spatial structure of smoothness and steadiness, with which block and friction would be lessened and the function of regional economic constituents amplified while the regional income and the strength would be improved as a whole. Through intensifying the advantage of allocation of the centers of region, modern logistics induces regional elements of development to move towards advantageous locations while bringing key urban cities effects of scale economy and agglomeration economy, it then can be regarded as an operational platform for potentiating the growing polar of urban cities and boosting up the developing level of hinterlands, and an effective measure to balance urban and rural development and development among regions.

论文认为，现代物流在为社会生产和生活服务、形成新的产业形态、改善第三产业内部比例关系的同时，通过产业关联带动效应促进区域整体产业结构的优化升级；现代物流通过整合相关功能性活动，将经济网络中节点与线路之间随机连接、松散联系转变为顺畅交流、稳定合作的空间构造，从而减少区域经济运行中的阻滞性因素，放大区域经济发展要素的功能，提高区域经济系统整体效益和经济实力；现代物流通过强化经济中心的区位优势，促进区域经济发展要素向优区位运动，给经济中心城市带来规模效应、聚集效应和扩散效应，是强化中心城市增长极地位和提升经济腹地发展水平的操作平台，因而也是统筹城乡发展和区域发展的重要手段。

Some economicanthropologists with economic background,especially formalists,advocatedthat the methodology of economics should be comprehensively andsystematically brought into the study of economic anthropology.

近年来，美国经济人类学的研究视域向广义拓展，主要的有：关于前资本主义状态中的原始民族、游牧民族、农业社会的经济行为与经济制度研究；关于工业化社会中的一些新命题的研究，如性别角色、一般财富源泉、非经济因素对经济发展的影响、欠发达的农业区域寻求市场发展的途径、市场的中心地位理论以及市场条件下的基础性经济行为等研究。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。