社会的

In chapter 4, the essay expounds that this writing style is of the color of political apologue. In his writings, we can find many allegoric characteristics, such as uncertainty, ritual scenes, ironic style and recurrent narration. He communicated with the readers in the form of allegory.Yu Huas works were allegories about society, which were made up of death, desire

余华小说是一个关于社会的寓言，这个寓言由人的死亡、欲望、命运和出路的探求组成，他的寓意隐藏在他对社会成规的颠覆中，他大胆地对社会常理进行破坏，向读者揭露他认识到的人类固有的真实面目，通过刻意的暴力描写，把人类深埋在人生世像之下的丑陋本性暴露给世人，呼唤着人们对真实世界的认知，期盼着人性的复归。

Alvin Bronstein, member of the Civil Liberties Union, says that study after study has shown that you cannot prevent people from committing crimes by punishment or the threat of punishment:"What they will do is make prisoners more angry, more hostile, so that when they get out of prison, they will increase the level of their criminal behaviour."

一些公民自由组织认为，把人用铁链拴起来不能消除像社会中存在的贫困以及不满等犯罪根源；它的作用不亚于为惩罚囚犯来维护社会的弊病。他们觉得这是让美国退回到了中世纪，是美国社会的耻辱。但这种说法看来不大可能赢得美国南方腹地几个州的人民的响应。阿拉巴马很快就要在更多的囚犯身上使用这个办法，像阿肯和亚利桑那等其他几个州也很有可能实行各自的一套串绑囚犯的办法。

With the establishment of the private land ownership, great changes took place in the rural society of the Song Dynasty. Therefore, a series of traits came into being which were most different from those of the previous society, including the weakening of consanguinity, the disintegration of the traditional clannish society, the change of production relations, the development of ethics, and the transformation of governmental functions.

由于土地私有制度的确立，宋代的乡村社会发生了巨大的变化，形成了一系列与前代社会截然不同的特征，这些特征包括血缘关系的淡薄、传统宗族社会的瓦解、生产关系的改变、伦理观念的发展以及政府职能的转变等。

There are 6 chapters inside of the thesis:(1) Interpretation of the motivation of research.(2) Analyzing of correlation documents and starting to construct a framework of criticize and analyze of "public art".(3) Discussing the forming of creation ideas.(4) Analyzing the influence results of public from the exposition of society.(5) Discussing the interactive relationship of artist, works, commonalty and art criticism from the installation process of works. Point out the meaning of society and the possibility of communication in the criticism of public art.(6) Reference, review and the propositions for further studies.

本论文共分六章，第一章说明本研究的动机、目的、范围、内容、方法与流程；第二章针对相关文献分析并初步建立公共艺术的评析架构；第三章则就公共艺术的创作意念生成进行探讨；第四章则就公共艺术的社会解读来分析影响大众观赏公共艺术的因素；第五章从公共艺术设置过程对社会的影响，探讨创作者、作品、大众与艺评的互动关系，并尝试提出公共艺术评论对社会的意义与沟通的可能；第六章为本研究的结论与检讨，并对后续研究提出建议。

The presence of time lag have an external inevitability, and it will influence people who collect and dispose information, touch the effect of course, debase students'ability of fitting society, increase the side-effect of course, augment the oppugn of community and families. And it will also disintegrate curricular structure, so we can't unify the instrumental characteristic and the culture trait of Chinese course.

时滞的存在具有一定的客观必然性，它会影响到调研人员和设计人员对信息的把握程度，影响到课程的推广力度和实际效果，降低学生对社会的适应能力，增加课程的社会负面效应，增加社会组织、家庭等单元对课程的质疑，它还会分化语文课程内部组织结构的严密性，使语文的工具性和人文性难以实现真正的统一。

By analyzing the Decameron through asceticism, Brancaccio inherited humanism in ancient Roman and tragic spirits in ancient Greece. First, he had strong epochal character. Many Greek tragedies were about myth themes but mirrored the social life in Athens at that time, while the Decameron represented a variety of social contradictions and emotional conflicts in Europe during that time through successive tragedies. Second, he was concerned much about human's moral behaviors. He held that people should be distinguished by their morality.

通过对《十日谈》作品的分析，认为薄伽丘对古希腊罗马人本主义及古希腊悲剧精神的继承集中体现在两个方面：一是其强烈的时代感，古希腊悲剧演出的是神话题材，但反映的却是当时雅典社会生活的图景，而《十日谈》也正是通过一个个悲剧故事来展示当时欧洲社会的各种社会矛盾及人们之间的情感冲突；二是对道德行为的深切关注，都主张将德性作为区分人类的标准。

These books revealed the harm to human beings and society that is brought by abusing science and also revealed the humanistic crisis that is induced by technological progress. They also pointed out that human beings may be on the way leading to a dystopia society.

尤其是英国独特的人文主义、怀疑主义和自由主义哲学传统使英国主流文学作家创造了一些不朽的科幻文学作品，这些作品揭示了科学的滥用所带来的对社会的和人类自身的危害，以及技术的进步所带来的人文主义的危机，从而使人类社会有走向乌托邦理想的反面，即反乌托邦社会的可能。

One is the lacking of suitable social context, restrained by Confucianism tradition of pragmatism. The other is the irrational fanatic circumstance after the 'Culture Revolution'. This resulted in the fact that science cannot perfect itself for its own sake at all and the intellectuals cannot stand on their dignity. The other is the hypercorrection of science people made. This turned science into 'God' in their mind. The fanaticism resulted in scientism in science circle and the prevailing pseudoscience in society.

究其原因，主要有几个方面：一是中国传统文化对科学技术的制约，"经世致用"的儒教传统使科学很难有健康发展的土壤；二是"文革"期间失去理性的社会环境，使科学根本不可能独善其身，科学技术和知识分子的人格尊严被无情的践踏；三是"文革"过后人们对科学的矫枉过正，这使得科学成为人们心目中的"上帝"，对科学的盲信导致了科学界"唯科学主义"的诞生和"伪科学"在社会中的盛行，并且科学对社会的危害也日益在引起人们的高度重视。

George Robert Gissing (1857-1903) is one of the most important realist writers in the Victorian Age. With delicate observation of social life, he uses his incisive style to create a series of works, which factually reflect kinds of the corruption in the industrial British society. By exposing and criticizing the injustice and corruption in the Victorian Age, his works probe the dilemma of people's spiritual world and unmask the intrinsic essence of the Age.

乔治·罗伯特·吉辛（George Robert Gissing，1857-1903）是英国维多利亚时代后期的重要写实主义作家之一，通过对生活细致入微的观察，他用犀利的笔锋创作了一系列小说作品，这些著作真实地反映了英国工业社会的种种弊端，揭露和批判了当时社会的不公和腐败现象，反映了那个时代人们精神上的窘境，揭示了维多利亚社会的真实面目。

In isolated,nomogeneous communities like the Trobrianders）studied by Malinowski,one may still define membership accroding to common cultural practices and daily free-to-face interactions,but in modern,historical complex,open societies it is much more difficult to define the boundaries of any paticular social group and the linguistic and cultural identities of its members.

一个社会的重要性和历史延续性感孤立，像nomogeneous社区Trobrianders由马林诺斯基研究，一成员仍可定义及品种进行共同的文化习俗和每日免费面对面的交流，但在现代，历史复杂的，开放的社会，它更是难以界定的社会团体和任何paticular的界限其成员的语言和文化特性。

And discuss some key point of integrated management system design, include hazard identification and risk assessment and risk control in the occupational health and safety management, the measure of satisfaction target of customer, the flawlessness of law system, the integration of the integrated management system and enterprise standardization system, unify lead institution and work orgnization, integreted internal audit and integrated management review.

同时，论述了一体化管理体系构建中的几个主要问题，包括职业健康安全管理中的危险源辨识、风险评价和风险控制、顾客满意度的科学监测、法律、法规体系的完善、一体化管理体系与企业标准化体系的有机结合、统一的领导机构和工作机构、一体化的内部审核和管理评审。

Deepwater Taranaki is investigated for its petroleum potential, using all available seismic data tied to shallow-water wells.

运用与浅水井相关的现有全部震波探测数据考察了深海区塔拉纳基盆地的油藏前景。