社会生物学的

Wilson(1929-)Who is a well-known biologist in modern America is regarded as"the Father of Sociobiology"and"the Father of Biodiversity". In 1975, Wilson published the book Sociobiology: The New Synthesis that convulsed the whole Western science and antilogy group, which indicated the naissance of the sociobiology.

威尔逊(Edward Osborne Wilson，1929—)是当今美国著名的生物学家、博物学家，是公认的"社会生物学之父"和"生物多样性之父"。1975年，威尔逊出版了惊世之作——《社会生物学：新的综合》，标志着社会生物学这门学科的诞生。

Edward O.Wilson(1929—)who is a well-known biologist in modem America is regarded as "the Father of Sociobiolgy" and "the Father of Biodiversity".In 1975, Wilson published the book Sociobiology:The New Synthesis that convulsed the whole Western science and antilogy group,which indicated the naissance of the sociobiology.

爱德华·O·威尔逊(Edward Osborne Wilson，1929—)是当今美国著名的生物学家、博物学家，是公认的"社会生物学之父"和"生物多样性之父"。1975年，威尔逊一发表了震撼整个西方科学界和思想界的《社会生物学：新的综合》，标志着社会生物学的诞生。

I try to bring altruism as entry in order to analyze how to expand of the progress, to clear about the factors of sociobiology's advance; The second chapter discusses which personality of him to make him himself to create this theory, and it is internal factor, here mainly to open out the causes of theory's advance from four aspects: view of evolution, objects of research, personal experience, Consilience; The third chapter intervenes social science domain from two primary controversy: free will of human, biology.

着重以利他问题为切入点，分析从利他问题的引出到解决这一过程是如何发展的，在这一过程中又有哪些因素促使了社会生物学的产生；第二章，从威尔逊个人的角度，探讨威尔逊如何对前人综合，提出自己的社会生物学。

Center for Ecology and Conservation Biology is primarily dedicated to education and research in ecology and conservation biology including paleoceanography, ecological economics, sensory biology, behavioral ecology of birds, behavioral ecology and insect sociobiology, evolutionary biology, ichthyology, forest ecology and biogeochemistry, mammalian population genetics, etc.

生态学与保护生物学中心致力于生态学与保护生物学的教学与研究，其研究领域包括古海洋学，生态经济学，感官生物学，鸟类行为生态学，行为生态学和昆虫社会生物学，进化生物学，鱼类学，森林生态学和生物地理化学，哺乳动物遗传学等。

The final chapter of the book is devoted to sociobiological explanations of human behavior, and Wilson later wrote a Pulitzer Prize winning book, On Human Nature, that addressed human behavior specifically.

这本书的最后一章专门对人类行为作了社会生物学的解释；后来，威尔逊写的另一本书《论人的本性》获得了普利策奖，该书专门讲人类的行为。

The first chapter discusses the fundamental,the program and the core question of the sociobiology,and the contribution of Wilson to sociobiology.The second chapter discusses Wilson\'s early human sociobiology.The third chapter discusses Wilson\'s later gene-culture coevolutionary theory.The fourth chapter gives the author\'s own review,vindication and justification on Wilson\'s sociobiological thought.

第一章，探讨动物社会生物学的基本原则、纲领和核心问题，以及威尔逊对创立社会生物学所作的努力和贡献；第二章，探讨威尔逊前期的人类社会生物学思想；第三章，探讨威尔逊后期的基因—文化协同进化思想；第四章，对威尔逊的思想作出自己的评论、辩护和批判。

It was regarded as the most drastic evolution controversy after on the Origin of Species, and it was also premise of most researches nowadays. In this thesis, I hope to keep an object position so as to have cognizance of the influences that Wilson's theory to sociobiology, and comprehend why he would transform gradually from ant expert to a sociobiologist, and to know which factors make him to do this, finally differentiate and analysediscriminate the controversy.

而本文希望从威尔逊和社会生物学的关系入手，重点探讨最初作为蚂蚁专家的威尔逊，如何成为探索人性奥秘的社会生物学家，在威尔逊之前，社会生物学有哪些理论背景，威尔逊如何将前人的理论成果加以综合，使之成为一门系统学科，最后，再针对社会生物学引起的争议从原著角度简要辨析。

Wilson's sociobiology was suffered from drastically debating as his Sociobiology was published.

目前，对社会生物学的研究大多是围绕这场争论展开的。

However, many critics have pointed out that the language of sociobiology often slips from "is" to "ought", leading sociobiologists to make arguments against social reform on the basis that socially progressive societies are at odds with our innermost nature.

然而，许多批评人士指出，社会生物学的语言往往从"是"滑到"应当"，导致社会生物学家以渐进发展的社会与我们的内心本质不一致为由提出反对社会改革的论点。

Center for Ecology and Conservation Biology is primarily dedicated to education and research in ecology and conservation biology including paleoceanography, ecological economics, sensory biology, behavioral ecology of birds, behavioral ecology and insect sociobiology, evolutionary biology, ichthyology, forest ecology and biogeochemistry, mammalian population genetics, etc.

生态学与保护生物学中心致力于生态学与保护生物学的教学与研究，其研究领域包括古海洋学，生态经济学，感官生物学，鸟？？？？？行为生态学，行为生态学和昆虫社会生物学，进化生物学，鱼类学，森林生态学和生物地理化学，哺乳动物遗传学等。

This one mode pays close attention to network credence foundation of the businessman very much.

这一模式非常关注商人的网络信用基础。

Cell morphology of bacterial ghost of Pasteurella multocida was observed by scanning electron microscopy and inactivation ratio was estimated by CFU analysi.

扫描电镜观察多杀性巴氏杆菌细菌幽灵和菌落形成单位评价遗传灭活率。