社会思潮

The second part discusses the relationship between "the Nineteen Ancient Poems" and the trend of aesthetics thought in the last years of Eastern Han dynasty, firstly, analyzes the reasons of the trend of aesthetics thought in the last years of Eastern Han dynasty from five aspects, the decline of Confucianism , the reviviscence of Lao.

第二部分论述《古诗十九首》与汉末美学思潮之关系。第一，从经学的衰颓、老庄思想的复归、社会政治、经济、楚骚美学和汉代文学五个方面对汉末美学思潮的形成原因进行分析，并指出在这些原因的共同作用下，形成汉末"个人自我之觉醒"的美学思潮；第二，从"贵真"思想的复萌、"感伤主义"的出现及美学意识对人生各个方面的渗透几个侧面，分析了汉末美学思潮的特点：第三，探讨了《古诗十九首》与汉末美学思潮的关系。

Although theargument about thoughts of Russian social development roadhave different forms and distinctive appearances individuallyin general they can be classified into three types:the first oneis the thought of nationalism,such as Slavophilism and modernSlavism which insisted that Russia should go her own waywhich fit to her characteristics;the second one is the thought ofEuropeanization which advocates that Russia should betotally westernized;the third one hold a view that the Westernculture should be integrated with the Eastern culture.

围绕俄罗斯社会发展道路的思潮论争尽管形式不同，表现各异，但大体上可划分为三类：一是民族主义思潮，如斯拉夫派和现代斯拉夫主义主张走符合俄罗斯特点的道路；另一类是欧化派主张俄罗斯全盘西化；第三类是主张东西方文化结合的思潮。

Climate n.①气候;②风气,社会思潮 The flight from overcrowdedness affects the migration from snow belt to more bearable climates.

逃离人口过度稠密区的做法改变了以前那种离开寒冷地带去气候宜人之地的趋势。

In this paper,with the three kinds modernities insight,which called "perceptual modernity","enlightening modernity "and "appreciation of the beauty modernity ",I have entered the main body of Zheng Zhen Duo's literature thoughts during the "May 4th Movement",and the paper has chosen some cultural thoughts affected comparatively deeply phase to the cultural circles for the "May 4th Movement,such as "humanitarianisms"," science","romantism" and "classicism",to observe and inspect what is Zheng Zhen Duo's literature thought in that society trend of his thoughts,and pay attention the impact of sinuous relation over Zheng Zhen Duo literature thought,go a step further between paying attention to them on this basis studying and thinking "May 4th Movement literature phenomenon deeply.

本文从感性现代性、启蒙现代性和审美现代性三种现代性的视角进入五四时期郑振铎文学思想的研究，选取了五四时期对文化界影响比较大的人道主义、科学主义、浪漫主义和古典主义四种社会思潮来观照和考察郑振铎的文学思想，并注意它们之间错综复杂的关系对郑振铎文学思想的影响，在这个基础上进一步研究和思考五四文学现象。

Muckraking was a massive social movement occurring in the beginning of the 20th century when America had just realized industrialization. Between 1902 and about 1915, the Muckrakers, writers/journalists who devoted themselves to social reform and social justice, using massified media—magazine,intensively and critically exposed various kinds of injustice and corruption resulting from the social transition. And by way of cultivating public opinion, awaking common people and supporting legislation, they restrained social Darwinism, helped avoid possible social disorders and strengthen the results of productive development and established institutions together with the progressive forces in politics, business and the intelligentsia.

作者：展江摘要：黑幕揭发运动是20世纪初美国从农业社会到工业社会的转型刚刚完成之际发生的一场大规模社会运动，其中一批有志于社会改革和社会正义的作家/新闻工作者即&黑幕揭发者&，利用当时已经大众化的传媒——期刊，以深度的解析和犀利的言论抨击了伴随社会转型而来的种种不公和腐败现象，与政界、商界和知识界的其他进步力量一起，通过激活公众舆论、促使民众觉醒和支持立法等方式，抑制了社会达尔文主义思潮，避免了可能出现的社会失序，进而巩固了生产力发展的成果和既有的社会体制。

The third part draws a conclusion, which sums up the above analysis and discussion, and restates the influence of historical events and the trends of thoughts on middle class Americans.

第三部分是结论部分。通过以上的分析和论述，总结出美国六、七十年代发生的重大历史事件和社会思潮对美国中产阶级造成的巨大影响。

The stage nature shows that the unique structure of the landscape poem of Xie Lingyun times is an open structure and it has been effected by the linguistic idea created by the political environment and the social trend of the thought in Back-Xie Lingyun times after carrying on the structure of the poem about scenery in Wei-jin times, then it evolutes and helps to bring about the landscape poem of Tang dynasty which only exist the part of depict and full of the sensation of stereoscopic ultimately.

其阶段性表现为：谢灵运时代山水诗的独特结构是开放的结构，在承继了魏晋时期写景诗中的构诗方式之后，又受到后谢灵运时代政治环境、社会思潮，以及由此产生的语言观的影响，从而发生嬗变，最终促成景语独振、兴象玲珑的盛唐山水诗。

At present, with social misfits and social ideologics becoming more complicated, the psychological education and ideological education can be mutually benefitial, mutully replenished, and mutually promoted if the two can be organically integrated.

当前，面对各种社会思潮和纷繁复杂的心理、思想情况，如果把心理教育与思想教育有机地结合起来，那么二者就能够相互补充，互相促进，共同提高，从而使心理教育和思想教育都收到事半功倍的效果。

The best superiority of new Pan-Islamism was to get the support from many Muslim countries including governments and people, which became actively social thoughts and movements.

新泛伊斯兰主义与纳赛尔主义相比最大的优势是得到众多穆斯林的支持，在实践中既有来自官方的自上而下的倡导，又有群众的自下而上的支持，成为战后伊斯兰世界颇有生气的社会思潮和活动。

Imperial examination system and rightism policy is the primary reason why people in Song Dynasty value that literature disciple; the social ideological trend of paying attention to passing on the interconnected system in Song, to a great extent, influences scholars' extremely dominant ideas; Scholars' unprecedented increasing consciousness of team working also makes scholars being disciples a practical need of their individual life.

科举制度和右文政策是决定宋人看重文学师承的首要原因；宋世注重统序传承的社会思潮则在很大程度上影响了文人强烈的文统观念；宋代文人群体意识空前增强，师门内的群从生活成为他们个体生活方式的一种现实需要。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。