社会学

Culture"," culturology" and "the cultural system", are the basic categories in his culturological system. Based on them, there are the definition, category, nature and characteristics of "culture"; the object, mission, the research mode, and the development course of" culturology"; ten "basic types", three "the upper level types", the structure, and the mentality of "the cultural system"; the twin categories of "culture" and "society","culture" and "nature","culture" and "civilization","culturology" and" sociology"," the cultural system" and" natural system"," the cultural system" and" social system, etc.

以它们为中心，涉及到基本内容有：&文化&的定义、分类、性质与特征；文化学的对象、任务、研究模式、发展阶段；&文化体系&的十种&基本类型&、三种&上层类型&、结构与心态；以及成对的范畴&文化&与&社会&、&文化&与&自然&、&文化&与&文明&，&文化学&与&社会学&，&文化体系&与&自然体系&、&文化体系&与&社会体系&，等等。

People are devouring books on history, psychology, sociology, literature, linguistics or sciences.

人们在如饥似渴地读关于历史、心理学、社会学、文学、语言学或科学的书。

The article discusses the background of the "social reality" that there are the dissymmetrical exchanges of presents in the countrysides during the transitional period.

本文主要探讨转型期农村社区中存在的礼物不对称交换这一&社会事实&产生的时代背景，并对其进行了社会学意义上的原因分析和后果分析。

Here, I want to tell you a story that I heard: a sociological doctorial graduate intended to help an Indian tribe. The tribe chief told him, Sir, you can go back if your sole purpose is to help us because we don't need such help.

在这里我想重复一遍我曾经听到过的一个故事：有一个社会学博士要到印第安部落帮助印第安人发展，部落首领对他说：先生，如果你到这儿来只是为了帮助我们，那就请你回去，因为我们不需要这种帮助。

She dovetailed her investigation into these sociological works.

她把自己的研究纳入这些社会学的著作中。

At last, Chapter 7 summarizes and analyses further the practice-turn of SSK and its epistemological meaning.

最后第七章，总结概括和进一步分析了科学知识社会学的实践转向及其认识论意义。

Considering the systematization of student, teacher, curriculum selection and environment, the author design new curriculum types from the view of superior structure of curriculum essential factors, those curriculum essentia...

小学社会科直接体现并具体贯彻&个体社会化&这一教育目的，因此本文以实现学生&个体社会化&作为基本线索，以社会心理学、社会学和课程论的相关理论作为基础，进行新的课程整合类型的开发和设计。

ABSTRACT This dissertation, based on the theories of geography, ecology, economics, sociology and environmental sciences, has analyzed the impact of transition between cultivation and pasture animal husbandry on the mechanism of desertification in Kerqin Sandy Region, of which behavior mechanism of local people was emphasized. The changing direction of integrated land desertification control strategy in semi-arid regions was discussed after having explored the primary reasons of estrepement, overgrazing and excessive firewood gathering. Followings are the main research works having been done.

本文选取科尔沁沙地作为研究区域，以两种最主要的土地利用方式、也是两种最主要的生产方式——农、牧业作为研究对象，依据地理学、生态学、经济学、社会学与环境科学的基本理论与方法，基于现有研究资料的系统整合，结合野外调查的结果，从更加综合的角度，来研究农、牧业选择变化对沙漠化过程的影响机理，从农、牧业选择变化的角度来揭示&滥垦、滥牧、滥樵&的本质，进而寻求中国北方半干旱地区生态环境综合整治的对策。

Income satisfaction degree; eudemonia; marriage; difference between urban and rural area

社会科学II，社会学及统计学，社会生活与社会问题收入满足度；幸福；婚姻；城乡差异

There are some new points in the paper: first, the existing research mainly focuses on the field of history and culture, less studies it from the perspective of sociology. So it is, to some degree, an explorative research.

本研究的创新点主要有：一、现有的研究大多集中在历史、文化等研究领域，而从社会学角度进行的研究非常缺乏，因此这是一项有价值的探索性研究。

Breath, muscle contraction of the buttocks; arch body, as far as possible to hold his head, right leg straight towards the ceiling (peg-leg knee in order to avoid muscle tension).

呼气，收缩臀部肌肉；拱起身体，尽量抬起头来，右腿伸直朝向天花板（膝微屈，以避免肌肉紧张）。

The cost of moving grain food products was unchanged from May, but year over year are up 8%.

粮食产品的运输费用与5月份相比没有变化，但却比去年同期高8％。