社会学

As the founder of the Sociology of Science and the leading exponent of structural functionalism, Merton initiate extraordinary unique canonical form for research of the Sociology of Science, which has become the only theoretical method and mature framework to be used for sociological research in this discipline for a long time.

作为科学社会学的奠基人和结构功能主义的代表性人物，默顿开创的独具特色的科学社会学研究范式，并成为这一领域的社会学在很长时间内所能够运用的唯一理论方法和成熟的框架。

This paper studies the application of functionalist theory in sports sociology from micro to macro perspective.

论述了功能主义理论在体育社会学研究、宏观体育社会学和微观体育社会学中的应用。

This paper studies the application of functionalist theory in sport s sociology f rom micro to macro perspective.

论述了功能主义理论在体育社会学研究、宏观体育社会学和微观体育社会学中的应用。

First, this essay aims to link this emerging field to a number of significant subfields in sociology to avoid possible "ghettoization " of emerging fields such as sociology of migration.

本文首先指出台湾移民社会学研究，其知识累积除了对於移民相关议题有进一步了解之外，作为一个社会学次领域，提供Robert Merton所说的策略性的研究素材让我们深入理解台湾社会的其他重要面向：一方面回应台湾社会学长期关心的许多问题；另一方面发掘新的挑战与新的问题。

The mid-Victorian age may be dated from the opening of the Crystal Palace by Queen Victorian in 1851, the same year in which Spencer's first book was published.

1873年发表《社会学研究》，1897年中国社会学第一人严复把此书翻译为中文，名叫《群学肄言》，这是中国引入社会学思想的开始。

Based on the rich historical soil and macrostructure of society, this thesis draws from the perspective of sociology on Lucien Goldmann's sociologictheory on novels-happenstantialistic structuralism, chooses structure as the key point of tangency with respect to the change of viewpoint following the sociologic imagination, andthus focuses on the interpretation of sociology on both the Chinese and Western novels by analyzing the social spirits and cultural spirits. From the standpoint of successive longitudinal happenstantialism and conexisting horizontal structuralism, the thesis also endeavors to understand and interpret the complicated relationship between novel structure and spiritual structure of sodiety from the external to the internal, thus systematically illustrates the deep relationship between novels and society.

论文将小说置于社会学视野内，立足深厚的历史土壤，依据宏观的社会构架，发挥社会学的想象力，借鉴吕西安·戈德曼"发生学结构主义"小说社会学理论，选择"结构"作为遵循社会学想象力进行视角转换的重要切入点，着重从社会精神和文化精神的层面对中西小说进行社会学的阐释；在历时纵向发生学和共时横向结构主义的视阈中，由此及彼，由表及里，"理解"和"解释"小说结构与社会精神结构间的复杂关系，进而系统地阐明小说与社会的深层关系。

Drawing on Touraine's action sociology and sociological intervention, Burawoy's public sociology as well as praxis-oriented research, we modify the"sociological intervention"according to the reality of Chinese society and propose the methodology of"strong sociological intervention"whose vehicle is"Baigou Migrant Worker Night School".

通过对图海纳学派的行动社会学与社会学干预方法、麦克·布洛维的公共社会学以及实践式研究的理论梳理，我们以中国社会的现实为依据，对社会学干预方法进行了修正与改造，提出用"社会学强干预"的方法，以白沟镇农民工夜校为载体来为工人赋权。

The theoretical orientation is established in its relation with the rele- vant disciplines,such as the relation between sports humanities and sociology and sports study,the relation between sports sociology and sociology,the relation between sports humanities and sociology and sports teaching and training,the relation between the Chinese traditional sports and sports physiology and the relation between sports humanities sociology and sports sociology.

体育人文社会学的理论定位是在与之相关的学科关系中确立的。主要涉及4种关系：体育人文社会学与体育学的关系；体育人文社会学与人文社会科学的关系；体育人文社会学与体育教育训练学、民族传统体育学和运动人体科学的关系；体育人文科学与体育社会科学的关系。

Based on the rich historical soil and macrostructure of society, this thesis draws from the perspective of sociology on Lucien Goldmann's sociologictheory on novels-happenstantialistic structuralism, chooses structure as the key point of tangency with respect to the change of viewpoint following the sociologic imagination, andthus focuses on the interpretation of sociology on both the Chinese and Western novels by analyzing the social spirits and cultural spirits. From the standpoint of successive longitudinal happenstantialism and conexisting horizontal structuralism, the thesis also endeavors to understand and interpret the complicated relationship between novel structure and spiritual structure of sodiety from the external to the internal, thus systematically illustrates the deep relationship between novels and society.

论文将小说置于社会学视野内，立足深厚的历史土壤，依据宏观的社会构架，发挥社会学的想象力，借鉴吕西安·戈德曼&发生学结构主义&小说社会学理论，选择&结构&作为遵循社会学想象力进行视角转换的重要切入点，着重从社会精神和文化精神的层面对中西小说进行社会学的阐释；在历时纵向发生学和共时横向结构主义的视阈中，由此及彼，由表及里，&理解&和&解释&小说结构与社会精神结构间的复杂关系，进而系统地阐明小说与社会的深层关系。

In this paper, under the title of"Weberian Sociology of Education",we discuss what Weber wrote about education; under the title of"Weberian Sociology of Education", we make an inquiry into how educational studies have been conducted under the impact of Weber's sociology; and under the title of"Weber's Sociology and Education",we scrutinize what educational themes we can get from Weber's sociological works.

在&韦伯的教育社会学&层面，我们可以讨论韦伯就教育究竟著述了些什么；在&韦伯式的教育社会学&层面，我们可以着重探讨后人在韦伯的理论和方法论的影响下进行了怎样的教育社会学研究；在&韦伯的社会学与教育&层面，要讨论的是，从韦伯的社会学原著中，或者从有关韦伯社会学的研究中，我们可以发掘出什么样的具有深层次启发意义的教育研究命题。

As she looked at Warrington's manly face, and dark, melancholy eyes, she had settled in her mind that he must have been the victim of an unhappy attachment.

每逢看到沃林顿那刚毅的脸，那乌黑、忧郁的眼睛，她便会相信，他一定作过不幸的爱情的受害者。

Maybe they'll disappear into a pothole.

也许他们将在壶穴里消失