社会医学的

The base of the course is both medicine and sociology, but shows a remarkable inclination to the category of medicine.

社会医学主要研究社会性的医学问题及医学的社会方面的问题。

The thoughts, theory and understanding from these materials are used to expound the natural and social phenomena of the human body, and get the conclusion that the qualitative analysis is sufficient,while the quantitative concepts are scanty; subjective experiences and clinical disproof theory are plentiful while concrete proof analysis and morphological injury principles are scarce.

自然哲学医学模式是以社会科学、社会现象和社会心理知识素材为主要工具，研究和认识人体健康与疾病状态，注重反映人的本质属性即社会属性，与生物-心理-社会医学模式比较，既有其自身系统性和完整性，更有其临床治疗理论及较强的可操作性。

The Fourth Medicine came into being with the health revolution, the fourth great revolution. In the development history of human beings, each scientific and technical revolution has greatly influenced people's life: the Agricultural Revolution has put an end to the dog-eat-dog age and solved the problem of food and clothing; the Industrial Revolution has greatly improved the efficiency, making people enjoy a comfortable life while work for a shorter time and the Information Revolution has shortened the time and space, providing more leisure time for people. At present, people are faced with the health revolution, aiming to make people have a pleasant, healthy, longevous and high-quality life. To meet that end, the fourth medical workers need to make great efforts. The Fourth Medicine contains scraping and cupping therapy, stone needle therapy, massotherapy, foot massage, body beauty, psychology, physiotherapy, reasonable movement and food therapy, etc.

第四医学的形成是在人类的第四次大革命健康革命启发下而诞生的在人类历史的发展中，每次科学技术革命，无不给人类的社会生活带来巨大影响，农业革命使人们不必自相残杀，弱肉强食，人人可以温饱地生活；工业革命使劳动效率大大提高，使人们在短时间的劳作就可以安逸舒适的生活；信息革命又使时空缩短，大大提高了劳动生产率，使人们的休闲时间大大超过了劳作时间当前所面临的是人类的第四次大革命健康革命它的目标使人们愉快健康长寿，高质量地渡过幸福的一生要想达到这一目标就需要第四医学工作者来完成第四医学包含了刮痧拔罐疗法砭石疗法按摩疗法足疗美容心理学理疗合理运动食疗等

For example,strict disciplinary division and the structure of knowledge based on curriculum set-up are in discrepancy with the diagnosis of diseases in medical education;the definition of"high quality"medical talents by the guideline in medical education,the emphasis on the social adaptability of medical students upon graduation and the practice of borrowing from the experience in nonmedical education are,to some extent,deviating from the uniqueness of medical education.

在现实社会条件下，医学教育的一些通常做法是违背客观规律的，如严格的"课程"划分以及按课程建立的知识衔接关系并不符合医学实践中认识疾病的一般规律；医学教育指导思想方面对医学人才"高素质"的界定、对医学生毕业即高度适应社会需要的强调、对医学教育充分借鉴某些非医学教育经验的做法，都在一定程度上有违医学教育的特殊规律。

Actually,some routines in medical education are against natural laws.For example,strict disciplinary division and the structure of knowledge based on curriculum set-up are in discrepancy with the diagnosis of diseases in medical education;the definition of"high quality"medical talents by the guideline in medical education,the emphasis on the social adaptability of medical students upon graduation and the practice of borrowing from the experience in nonmedical education are,to some extent,deviating from the uniqueness of medical education.

在现实社会条件下，医学教育的一些通常做法是违背客观规律的，如严格的"课程"划分以及按课程建立的知识衔接关系并不符合医学实践中认识疾病的一般规律；医学教育指导思想方面对医学人才"高素质"的界定、对医学生毕业即高度适应社会需要的强调、对医学教育充分借鉴某些非医学教育经验的做法，都在一定程度上有违医学教育的特殊规律。

It is including that the education of new medical science should be popularyiged, diseases should be provented energeticly, the modern technology should be mastered for diagnosing diseses at early stage and the greater efforts to improve the quality of life should be made for the dyings.

为了适应现代生物、心理、社会医学模式的要求，提高生命质量，我们应进行积极的医学干预：积极开展医学人文社会科学知识教育，积极主动预防疾病的发生，掌握新兴医学技术早期诊治疾病，努力提高临终生命质量。

In the Xizhou dynasty to Xihan dynasty ,the physician's position was inferior than that of witch physician though they already had high social position. From the mid of Xihan dynasty to Tang dynasty, the physician's position is markedly went down and caused the negative influence to the development of medicine as Confucianism became the orthodox ideology of the feudal society. From Song dynasty to Yuan dynasty ,the dynasts paid high attention to medicine ,so the physician's social position was greatly upgraded ,which promoted the development of medicine . The position of physician in the Ming dynasty and Qing dynasty were unprecedentedly debased. It became a very negative factor to the development of medicine.

经过本课题研究认为：医生的职责在夏至西周时期是由巫医兼任的，巫医在当时有着极其显要的社会地位，并在一定程度上对医学的发展作出了相应的贡献；东周至西汉前期，随着医巫的分离，医生的社会地位较巫医有所下降，但仍有相当的地位，并且活动相对自由；西汉中期以后至唐五代，随着儒家思想成为封建社会的正统思想，这一时期医生地位明显下降，对医学的发展产生了消极的影响；宋金元统治者重视医学，医生社会地位大为提高，推动了此期医学的发展；明清时期医生社会地位空前下降，是这一时期医学发展的一个消极因素。

In the Xizhou dynasty to Xihan dynasty ,the physician"s position was inferior than that of witch physician though they already had high social position. From the mid of Xihan dynasty to Tang dynasty, the physician"s position is markedly went down and caused the negative influence to the development of medicine as Confucianism became the orthodox ideology of the feudal society. From Song dynasty to Yuan dynasty ,the dynasts paid high attention to medicine ,so the physicians social position was greatly upgraded ,which promoted the development of medicine . The position of physician in the Ming dynasty and Qing dynasty were unprecedentedly debased.

经过本课题研究认为：医生的职责在夏至西周时期是由巫医兼任的，巫医在当时有着极其显要的社会地位，并在一定程度上对医学的发展作出了相应的贡献；东周至西汉前期，随着医巫的分离，医生的社会地位较巫医有所下降，但仍有相当的地位，并且活动相对自由；西汉中期以后至唐五代，随着儒家思想成为封建社会的正统思想，这一时期医生地位明显下降，对医学的发展产生了消极的影响：宋金元统治者重视医学，医生社会地位大为提高，推动了此期医学的发展；明清时期医生社会地位空前下降，是这一时期医学发展的一个消极因素。

There are several levels in the medicine integration. Medical social work is the outcome of the integration of medicine and social work. It can provide social psychological services with medicine for people in hospital and community. Meanwhile, it can play an important role in community health service as link man, goalkeeper, manager, coordinator, favourer, watcher, et al.

医学的整合分为几个层次，医务社会工作正是医学与社会工作专业整合的结果，它能够在医院和社区为服务对象提供与医学相关的社会心理服务，同时在社区卫生服务中扮演联络者、把门人、管理者、协调者、关爱者、照顾人等重要角色，是社区与医疗机构联系的重要纽带。

The relation between psychosomatic medicine and biopsychosocial medical model is interdependent one...

心身医学和生物、心理、社会医学模式在研究内容和范畴方面虽有差异，但它们之间的关系却是因果相循、互为依托。

However, as the name（read－only memory）implies, CD disks cannot be written onorchanged in any way.

然而，正如其名字所指出的那样，CD盘不能写，也不能用任何方式改变其内容。

Galvanizes steel pallet is mainly export which suits standard packing of European Union, the North America. galvanizes steel pallet is suitable to heavy rack. Pallet surface can design plate type, corrugated and the gap form, satisfies the different requirements.

镀锌钢托盘多用于出口，替代木托盘，免薰蒸，符合欧盟、北美各国对出口货物包装材料的法令要求；喷涂钢托盘适用于重载上货架之用，托盘表面根据需要制作成平板状、波纹状及间隔形式，满足不同的使用要求。