社会剧

Their waiting in drunken illusions is the means of survival for modern man designated by O'Neill who is deeply influenced by the Nietzschen philosophy and impending World War II. Waiting for Godot exposes the absurd existence of modern man as well as Beckett's uncertainty of the world and concerns about human prospects under the impact of World War II and absurdist theories based on existentialism.

然而，不同的社会、文化背景又使得三剧的"等待"主题具有各自不同的特征：工会成员对老左的等待具有现实性，表现了他们对一位无产阶级领导人的忠贞；房客对希基的等待既具有现实性，又具有荒诞性，在酒精和白日梦中的等待是奥尼尔为处于现代社会绝境中的人们指出的生存之路；流浪汉的等待反映出现代人存在的荒诞性，以及贝克特对世界的怀疑和对人类前景的忧虑。

Doubtless, the widespread denigration of traditional China by intellectuals, authors, playwrights and ideologues, mostly Chinese in fact, as having been a dark, evil, cynical, dishonest,"feudal","oppressive", and "man-eating" society has played a large part in this mass amnesia for the Chinese intellectual heritage.

贬低传统中国的知识分子、文人、作剧家、理论家等，他们其实多数是华人，广泛地描绘传统中国为黑暗的、邪恶的、鄙视诚信的、伪诈的、封建的、压迫人的、吃人的社会。无疑，导致当今大众遗忘中华思维传统，这些描绘起了重大作用。

Chapter Ⅵ is on both the social significance of Empson's reading of Shakespeare play, and the deeper significance of humanism, which is beyond the social criticism. In 1930s and 1940s, New Critics strengthened the analysis of text itself, were inclined to discuss the balance and synthesis among the conflicts in poems. This was not just formalism, it also reflected people's speculation of disorder in society and their efforts to rebuild the value system during the worldwide economic crisis in 1930s.

第六章讨论了燕卜荪对于莎剧语义解读的社会意义，以及一种超越了社会批判的更为宽广的人文意义。30、40年代新批评家们强调文本分析，并倾向于讨论诗歌中对立成分的平衡统一，并不纯粹是一种形式主义，它反映了1930年那场世界经济危机中人们对混乱无序的社会状况的思考和重建价值体系的努力。

I will start from Koan drama, the history of law shows, and describe its present conditions of development in short, and divide law shows into such three types as police TV, anti-corruption TV, and law court TV for expedite argumentation, find its problem. Then I will point out playwright had better possess social responsibility because of popular communication characteristic, fully considering the responsibility in social influence and commercial factors, playwright of law and police shows will finish a good works of art that merges common sense, artistic quality and legal principle into an organic whole. By doing so, more and more law and police shows which can be succeeded in both economic profits and effect upon society.

我将先从法制题材电视剧的历史渊源——公案戏说起，然后会简要描述法制题材电视剧发展的状况，为了便于论述，我将法制题材电视剧分解为公安剧、反腐剧、和法庭剧三种类型；并指出其存在的问题，之后再从电视的传播特性探讨法制题材电视剧编剧的社会责任，以及因此法制题材电视剧编剧在创作时最好能在充分考虑到电视剧作品的文化商品属性的基础上，做到作品情理、艺理、法理的有机结合，从而创作出经济效益和社会效益取得双赢结果的法制题材电视剧作品来。

It is quite common to modernize and foreignize the plays in style with a view to exploring their social significance in a multi-dimensional society. Yet the language is basically unchanged with some modifications in costume and setting. Moreover, playwrights have produced new plays based on the characters and roles of Shakespeare's pl...

在风格上现代化异域化已习以为常，目标是尽量发掘对当代多元化社会的意义；但故事语言基本不改，主要改服装背景；剧作家以莎剧人物及莎剧演员为题也创作了富有新意的作品，对我们的启示主要不在如何搞莎剧而是如何创造性地利用自己的古典。

Most furious conversion has been taking place among peoples social lives since 21~ century-from the object based society of material to the society of information based on the innovation, convey and use of knowledge.

二十一世纪的人类社会正经历着最剧热的转变——从以实物为主的物质社会转向以知识的生产、传递与使用为主的信息社会。

By using the train of thought of social ecology that puts the problems of ecology and the problems of society into a synthetic study to examine Ibsen's famous social problem play, An Enemy of the People, we find that Ibsen, starting from his humanist ecological concern for human beings, through his ruthless deconstruction of the real 'world, tears the flowery appearance of the capitalist society into pieces and seriously points out that the capitalist economy gets its development by disregarding people's health, that the bourgeois bureaucratism persecutes the persons holding different political ideas, and that the capitalist propaganda machinery gives up truth and justice.

用社会生态学把生态问题与社会问题进行综合研究的新思路来考察挪威伟大的剧作家易卜生的著名社会问题剧《人民公敌》，我们认为易卜生从人道主义社会生态关怀出发，通过对现实世界的无情解构，把资本主义社会华丽的外表撕成碎片。资本主义经济发展不顾人民健康，资产阶级官僚主义迫害持不同政见者，资本主义宣传机器放弃真理和正义。

The second is to meet the requests of accepters.

新时期家庭伦理剧的日常生活叙事策略出现于这一背景之下，自然不能割断与这些文化动机的关系，但我认为新时期家庭伦理剧采取日常生活叙事策略的主要动机并不能与上述文化动机等同，其动机主要基于以下几点：一是创作者对社会变革对即有伦理道德的冲击的担忧，以及家庭未来形态和人性走向的关注。

It is pointed out that these modern versions are also modern dramatists'rediscoveries, reinterpretations and reinvent...

这些现代翻版都是把莎剧置于现代社会的意义和价值结构中，置于现代剧作家的主体透视之下，对莎剧所作的再发掘、再解释和再创造。

For 1946's The Yearling, Peck grabbed his first Academy Award nomination and followed it with another rousing success, King Vidor's Duel in the Sun. His second Oscar nomination arrived in 1947 with the social drama Gentlemen's Agreement, a meditation on anti-Semitism which won "Best Picture" honors.

1946年派克因出演《鹿苑长春》而荣获第一次奥斯卡提名，紧接着又因金·维多的《太阳浴血记》再次获得巨大成功。1947年派克以社会剧《君子协定》获得了第二次奥斯卡提名，这是一部对反犹太主义进行反思的电影，该片获奥斯卡最佳影片奖。

As she looked at Warrington's manly face, and dark, melancholy eyes, she had settled in her mind that he must have been the victim of an unhappy attachment.

每逢看到沃林顿那刚毅的脸，那乌黑、忧郁的眼睛，她便会相信，他一定作过不幸的爱情的受害者。

Maybe they'll disappear into a pothole.

也许他们将在壶穴里消失